Ngokuqinisekile, wonke umuntu okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe uthola isifo esithathelwanayo, ukwelashwa kwakhe akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuthatha ama-antibiotics, futhi abaningi banomqondo ojwayelekile umbono wezinto eziphathelene nalezi zidakamizwa kanye nezici zokusetshenziswa kwazo. Ama-antibiotics ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu, umehluko phakathi kwabo, ngokuyinhloko, uhlanganisa ukubunjwa kwamakhemikhali, indlela yokwenziwa komsebenzi kanye nemisebenzi eminingi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eqenjini ngalinye lemithi elwa namagciwane lihlukaniswa izidakamizwa zezizukulwane ezihlukene: ama-antibiotics wesizukulwane sokuqala, sesibili, njll. Isizukulwane sokugcina, isizukulwane esisha semithi elwa namagciwane siyaphambana nalokho okudlule kanye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, nokukhululeka kokuphatha. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula ukuthi iziphi izilungiso zesizukulwane sokugcina ziluhlu lwamagciwane okulwa nesigaba sama-macrolide, nokuthi yiziphi izici zazo.
Izici nokusetshenziswa kwama-macrolides
Ama-antibiotics ahlobene neqembu lama-macrolide yemithi abhekwa njengenye yezinto ezinobuthi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Lezi zinhlanganisela eziyinkimbinkimbi zemvelaphi yemvelo kanye neyodwa. Iziguli eziningi zibekezelela kahle, ungabangeli ukungazifuneli okungafuneki izici ze-antibiotics zamanye amaqembu. Isici esihlukile sokwemakethe enkulu yikhono lokungena emangqamuzaneni, ukudala ukugxila okuphezulu kuwo, ngokushesha futhi kusakazwa kahle emacukwaneni namalungu.
Ama-macrolide anethonya elilandelayo:
- i-bacteriostatic;
- anti-inflammatory;
- i-immunomodulating.
Izinkomba eziyinhloko zokuthatha ama-antibiotics-macrolides yilokhu:
- izifo zokuphefumula nomlomo womlomo ( periodontitis , otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, diphtheria, isifo sofuba, njll);
- isifo se-bile;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zamehlo (conjunctivitis, trachoma, njll);
- i-peptic ulcer;
- izifo zesikhumba kanye nezicubu ezithambile (ama-acne ngesimo esibi, i-erysipelas, i-mastitis, njll);
- ukutheleleka kwe-urogenital, njll.
Ama-macrolides anamuhla
Isidakamizwa sokuqala seqembu le-macrolide laliyi-erythromycin. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kuze kube yilolu suku, futhi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lubonisa imiphumela emihle. Kodwa-ke, amalungiselelo ase-macrolide asetshenzisiwe, ngenxa yokuthi ayenze ngcono imingcele ye-pharmacokinetic kanye ne-microbiological, ayethandwa kakhulu.
I-antibiotics-macrolide yesizukulwane esisha iyisici esivela eqenjini le-azalides - i-azithromycin (amagama okuhweba: okufingqiwe, i-Azithromax, i-Zatrin, i-Zomax, njll). Lesi sidakamizwa isisetshenziswa se-erythromycin equkethe i-athomu ye-nitrogen eyengeziwe. Izinzuzo zalesi sidakamizwa ziyi:
- izinga eliphakeme lokuncelisa;
- isikhathi eside sokuphila;
- ukumelana kwe-asidi
- ikhono lokuthuthwa ngama-leukocyte ukugxila kokuvuvukala;
- kungenzeka ukuthi kuncishiswe isikhathi sokwelashwa kanye nemvamisa yemithi (kanye ngosuku ngosuku lwezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezingu-5).
I-Azithromycin isebenza ngokuphathelene nalokhu:
- i-staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- i-chlamydia;
- I-Pertussis stick;
- induku ye-hemophilic ;
- i-gardnerella;
- i-mycoplasma;
- i-mycobacteria;
- ama-causative agents of syphilis namanye amabhaktheriya.
Ngokwezinga elikhulu, ukuqoqwa kwezidakamizwa kubonakala emaphashini, ekusithekeni kwe-bronchial, sinus nasal, imisongo, izinso.
Ama-macrolides wesizukulwane sokugcina ane-bronchitis
Amalungiselelo asekelwe ku-azithromycin abhekwa yi-spectrum engcono kakhulu yomsebenzi we-antimicrobial maqondana nama-pathogens ajwayelekile kanye nama-atypical of bronchitis. Zifinyelela kalula ekusithekeni kwe-bronchial and sputum, zivimbela ukuqala kwamaphrotheni kuma-cell cells, ngaleyo ndlela zivimbela ukuphindaphinda kwamabhaktheriya. Ama-macrolides angasetshenziswa kokubili ukubhebhetheka kwe-bacterial acacial kanye nokwenyuka kwe-bronchitis engapheli.