Ebhizinisini yebhilidi azikho izihluthulelo: ikusasa lesitshalo lincike ngokulinganayo nekhwalithi yenzalo, kanye nenani lokunisela, kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza komanyolo. Ukusebenzisa ngokucophelela ukondla ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kusiza izitshalo zenze i-ovary ephelele futhi zivimbele ngokuphelele izifo nezinambuzane.
Ukugqoka phezulu kwamakhukhamba emithethweni evuliwe
Ngokuqondene nomanyolo, isiko lekhukhamba lizibonakalisa libe yiphunga elimnandi kakhulu - kungukuthi akusijabulisi ukuthi kunokuba ngisho namakhukhamba aluhlaza, "ama-mutants" aphikisiwe kuzo zonke izinkomba avela engadini. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala izithombo zamakhukhamba kumele kuqale esigabeni samaqabunga amabili. Esikhathini esizayo, ukukhukhamba kwamakhukhamba okwenyuka okunomsoco kuzodingeka okungenani izikhathi ezine: izinsuku ezingu-15 ngemuva kokuthuthela emhlabathini ovulekile, emva kokuvela kwe-peduncles kokuqala futhi kabili ngesikhathi sokuhluma.
Ikhukhamba ngayinye ine-recipe yayo ekhangayo yokudla ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, lapho ukhukhamba ikhula khona njengemvubelo futhi ibe yinto ehle kakhulu kunazo zonke futhi ehle kakhulu. Ungazidideki futhi ukhethe ukukhetha okulungile kuzosiza umthetho olula: uhlobo lomanyolo ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekufudumeni kwehlobo. Iqiniso liwukuthi izimpande zamakhukhamba kuphela esimweni sezulu esifudumele ziyakwazi ukukhipha ngokuphelele izakhi zomhlabathi. Ehlobo elibandayo, kufaneleka ukukhetha ukugqoka ama-ukhukhamba e-foliar phezulu emhlabathini ovulekile.
Noma ngabe iyiphi indlela yokudla ukhukhamba (impande noma foliar) ngeke ikhethwe, ngoba ukuqaliswa kwayo kungcono ukukhetha isikhathi sokuhlwa noma usuku olufudumele olushisayo. Faka umanyolo emhlabathini ngemuva kokuchelela okuningi noma imvula enhle. Uma uphafaza phezulu ukugqoka, qiniseka ukuthi isixazululo siwela emaqabunga ngamaconsi amahle emgqeni ongunifomu. Kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani emanzini kuncike ukuthi zingaki izinto eziwusizo izinto zokukhwehlela i-cucumber ezizothola. Esinye isiqili - isisombululo somsoco esifudumayo, ngokushesha sizobanjwa.
Ukugqoka kokuqala kwamakhukhamba
Ikhukhamba izithombo zithuthukile ngempumelelo kusukela emabhokisini okutshala noma izimbiza emhlabathini ovulekile, zaqala futhi kancane kancane zaqala ukukhula. Futhi-ke, kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo ngaphambi komthengisi wemifino, umbuzo uvela - kanjani ukondla ukhukhamba ngemuva kokufika? Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ukufaka umquba wokuqala kuhamba izinsuku ezingu-14-15 ngemuva kokuthuthela emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi ngokuziphatha kwawo kungcono ukusebenzisa umquba ophilayo: umanyolo we- mullein noma umquba wezinkukhu, uhlanjululwa ngo-1:10 isilinganiso. Sebenzisa la mathuluzi kufanele uqaphele kakhulu, ngoba angalimaza izimpande ezinamahloni.
Ukwengezwa kwamakhukhamba ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
Indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuthola ngisho ukhukhamba "eyodwa kuya kweyodwa" ukugqoka phezulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umquba oluhlaza olungiselelwe kusuka otshanini obutsha. Ukuqoqwa emva kokutshala utshani kufanele kugcwaliswe inani elifanayo lamanzi bese livumela ukuthi linikeze okungenani ngesonto. I-liquid eliphumela kufanele ihlanjululwe izikhathi ezinhlanu ngamanzi afudumele. Akuyona into engadingekile yokwenza ukungabi namaminerali ngokudla ukhukhamba ngenhlanganisela ye-superphosphate, i-ammonium ne-potassium nitrate (40 + 30 + 20 g).
Ukugqoka u-Foliar phezulu kwamakhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kuheha izinambuzane ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuvundeni impova, okufaka isandla ekwakheni i-ovary engcono. Ukuze uyenze, ungasebenzisa ingxube ye-boric acid (2 g) noshukela (100 g), ukuwahlanza ku-1 litre lamanzi afudumele. Enye indlela yokuqinisa ukhukhamba ukufafaza ngesisombululo se-superphosphate (35 g ngalinye ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi afudumele).
Indlela yokudla ukhukhamba ekuqaleni kokukhula?
Esikhathini sokukhula okusebenzayo kunoma yisiphi isitshalo, i-nitrogen ibalulekile. Uma izithombo zekhukhamba zithuthuka ngokweqile, ungasheshi ukuqhuma, umbuzo uphakama: "Ungadla kanjani ukhukhamba wokukhula?" Umquba ohlaza ohlangene nesisombululo samaminerali uzoxazulula inkinga. Njengendlela yokugqoka ephezulu, isisombululo se- urea singasetshenziswa. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi le nsimbi ihlukumezekile futhi ingalimaza ikhukhamba lezinkuni. Ngakho-ke, ukugqoka phezulu kwamakhukhamba endaweni evulekile yi-urea kufanele kwenziwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka kakhulu - angabi ngaphezu kuka-40 g ngalinye ibhakede lamanzi elilodwa.
Indlela yokudla ukhukhamba ngesikhatsi fruiting?
Ukusebenzisa amandla abo ekwakheni i-ovary nokukhula kwezithelo, amaqebelengwane ekhukhamba ngaphansi kokuhlanza ahlanza zonke izakhi ezisuka emhlabathini. Ukondla ngokufanele amakhukhamba ngesikhatsi fruiting kungabuyiselanga kuphela ibhalansi yezinto ezisehlabathini, kodwa futhi kukhulisa kakhulu isikhathi se-fruiting. Ukondla ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile phakathi nalesi sikhathi kufanele kube yinkimbinkimbi futhi kuhlanganise okuphilayo (ukumnika utshani obuluhlaza noma utshani obuncaniwe buhlanjululwe izikhathi ezinhlanu), amaminerali (1 inkomishi yomlotha, 25 g we-nitassium nitrate kanye no-50 g we-urea ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi) futhi ukwelapha ama-foliar (10-12 g urea ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi).
Ukhukhamba ukhula kabi - kanjani ukondla?
Isimo lapho ikhukhamba ihluma, ibuna, futhi esikhundleni samakhukhamba abushelelezi kubonakala sengathi i-freaks freaks ehlukene, ithi inhlabathi ayinakho ukudla okunomsoco. Futhi ukuqonda ukuthi ungondla kanjani izithombo zamakhukhamba egadile balimi bomhlaba ovulekile bazozisiza ngokwabo ukhukhamba:
- isithelo-bulb, esincane phansi futhi sondela emsila, sikhulume nge-nestasium yindlala, engasuswa ngokupomfaza nge-ash noma potassium phosphate solution;
- ezincane ezilinganisweni, kodwa izithelo ezikhula ngokushesha, umbala okhanyayo wezithelo nemivimbo enguqabunga, ukuhlakulela kahle amaqabunga nezimbungu ngesibalo sokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen, okuzokwenziwa ngezingxenye zokudla okunomsoco;
- green ebomvu ebb purple kanye namaqabunga, ukunyamala nobufakazi bokufa kokuntuleka kwe-phosphorus, namabala aphuzi noma aphuzi kumaqabunga kukhona ukubonakaliswa kokuntuleka kwe-magnesium, ekuqedeni ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa izinsimbi zamaminerali ezilungisiwe.
Kungcono ukondla ukhukhamba?
Eminyakeni eminingana umuntu engabangani ngetukisi lekhukhamba, izingxabano eziningi azipheli, indlela yokudla kahle ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kanye nesibamba sokushisa. Yini engcono, ukugqoka ama-cucumber okuphezulu noma ukufaka uphawu lokudla emhlabathini, umanyolo ocebile owenziwe ngomumo noma izindlela eziningi zemvelo - ayikho impendulo ecacile. Kodwa uma uhlakulela ukhukhamba embhedeni wakho, ekude kakhulu nezimboni, akufanele ukukhohlwa ngokuphepha kwabo kubantu. Ngempela, zonke izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukondla ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, okungenani noma kancane ziwela esithelweni nasemzimbeni wethu.
Ukwengeza ikhukhamba kumvubelo
Inkulumo evamile yokukhula njengemvubelo nayo kuyiqiniso emivimbovweni yekhukhamba. Imvubelo yemifino yamakhukhamba iyisisusa esihle kakhulu sokukhula kanye ne-fruiting. Imvubelo ye-fungus isebenza ngenqubo yokuchithwa kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabathini, okusiza izimpande ukuthola ngezikhathi ezithile i-nitrogen ne-potassium. Ukuhlakulela kulomanyolo, amakhukhamba angcono ngokumelene nezifo, isimo sezulu kanye nezinambuzane eziphazamisayo.
Ukuze ulungise imvubelo yomanyolo, ungasebenzisa kokubili imvubelo ye-briquted classic kanye nokuhluka kwawo okumile. I-recipe ye-classic yokudla yile ndlela elandelayo: ama-5 amalitha amanzi athatha i-kilogram e-fresh (briquetted) noma amagremu ama-5 emvubelo eyomile, engeza ushukela omncane bese ushiya endaweni efudumele yosuku olulodwa. I-liquid ephumela kuhlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-50 amanzi futhi lesi sinkinga siphuziswa emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphansi kwezihlahla ngaphansi kwempande.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamakhukhamba ngomlotha
Umlotha osele ngemuva kokushisa imfucumfucu yokhuni kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokubulala izinyoni ezimbili ngetshe elilodwa: uhlanza indawo yamagatsha angadingekile futhi uqinise izitshalo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imikhiqizo yezitshalo kuphela ingasetshenziswa njengama-fertilizer, kodwa hhayi izinto zokwakha nemfucuza yasendlini. Ukwenziwa komlotha okhuni noma isitofu kuqukethe i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-lime ne-magnesium. Ukwengeza ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile ngomlotha kungabakhusela ezifweni ezifungayo kanye nezinye izinambuzane, kuthuthukise ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi.
Indlela yokudla ukhukhamba ngemlotha? Ungayisebenzisa kokubili ifomu elomile bese ulungiselela isisombululo. Umlotha omanzi ukhiqizwa ekuseni, kuze kube khona amazolo emile noma ngokushesha emva kwemvula. Ukuze ulungise isisombululo, amagremu ayi-100 wezinto ezibonakalayo ahlanjululwa ku-1 ibhakede lamanzi, elinywe isonto. Isibhamu esilandelayo sifafazwa ngezikhumba ze-ikhukhamba, sibukele ukusatshalaliswa komfaniswano kulesi sitshalo. Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe emkhathini wokwakheka kwezimbali.
Ukwengezwa kwamakhukhamba nge-iodine
Enye indlela yokukhukhamba ukhukhamba enempilo i-iodine supplementation. Le micronutrient ingabi nomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni nasekubunzeni i-ovary, kodwa iphinde ihlangane nesishayo esikhulu samabhedi ekhukhamba - ukubola okukhulu. Ukuze uphefaza, lungisa isisombululo sezakhi, uchithe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi 30 amaconsi we-iodine tincture. Ukuze uthuthukise umphumela, engeza ubisi nesepha encane esixazululweni. Ukucubungula okuyinhloko kwamakhukhamba kwenziwa ngokushesha emva kokufakelwa kabusha, bese uphinda njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-15-20.
Ukudla kwesinkwa ngamakhukhamba
Indlela elula kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu yokondla ukhukhamba enhlabathini ngumanyolo, okuphekwe ngesinkwa se-rye esivamile. Ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yesongezelo semvubelo, enezela izinkinobho zesinkwa ebhakedeni ngemvubelo. Futhi ungakwazi ukumane ubeke umgqomo ovaliwe esakhiweni, ugcwalise ngamanzi uphinde ulahle yonke imfucuza yesinkwa lapho. Njengoba usebenzisa itangi uzogcwala ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Ngale ndlela elula, izitshalo zizothola umanyolo owusizo owengeziwe, futhi akukho lutho oluyophela emapulazini.
Ukondla ukhukhamba nge-boric acid
I-Boron ibhekisela ezintweni ngaphandle kokungacabangi ukuthi zingakhiwa, noma ukuthuthukisa noma yiziphi izitshalo. Kodwa-ke, inani laleli qembu emhlabathini kulo lonke isikhathi kufanele libe sezingeni elifanayo. Ukuntuleka kwe-boron kuthinta umbala wezitshalo nokukwazi ukuthela izithelo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamakhukhamba ngamakhambi omuntu, njenge-boron, unikeza amahlumela amandla okukhula ngokukhulayo, okwenza izithelo zamanzi nezomnandi.
Ukuze ulungise isisombululo esinomsoco we-10 amagremu e-asidi ahlakaze ilitha lamanzi afudumele, bese uletha umthamo wamanzi ku-10 amalitha. Ingxube eholayo ihlanjululwa ngamaqabunga kanye namakhukhamba we-ovary, ekhetha le nqubo ekuseni noma efudumele, usuku olungelona umswakama. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa kabili ngesizini: okokuqala emva kokutshala embhedeni, kanti okwesibili ngesikhathi kwenziwa isithelo.
Ukondla ukhukhamba ngobisi
Enye indlela, kunokuba ungakwazi ukondla ukhukhamba - ubisi. Lo mkhiqizo omnandi nesondlo uzoletha inzuzo enkulu kanye nemibhede yekhukhamba:
- eziqukethe ubisi potassium ne-calcium zizosebenza njenge-stimulant yokukhula kwesitshalo;
- Ifilimu yobisi, eyenziwe phezu kwamaqabunga kuyoba yisithiyo esingenakunqotshwa yizinambuzane kanye nezifo eziphilayo;
- izakhi kanye ne-lactic acid kusebenze ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabathini.
Ukulungisa ukhukhamba ubisi emhlabathini ovulekile, ilitha yobisi kufanele lihlanjululwe ngamalitha amahlanu amanzi futhi ngomusa lithele isitshalo ngasinye ngaphansi kwezimpande. Ungaphinda wenze uketshezi ubisi, ukuqinisa umphumela wokwelashwa okunconywa ukuba wengeze amaconsi angu-30 e-iodine kwisixazululo. Kulesi simo, ukhukhamba uzothola umthamo owudingekayo we potassium ne-calcium, nokuvikelwa ezifweni ze-fungal.
Ukwengezwa kwamakhukhamba ku-saltpeter
Ukhukhamba, umquba ongazange wenziwe ngesikhathi noma ngokungalungile, abakwazi ukwakha isivuno esiphelele. Ezimweni zemibhede encane, i-calcium nitrate iyinhlanganisela yangempela yamakhukhamba. Akugcini nje ukugqugquzela ukwakhiwa okusheshayo kobuningi obuluhlaza, kodwa futhi kuqinisa ukuzivikela komzimba. Ngokungafani ne-ammonium, i-calcium nitrate ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha, njengoba ilimaza kancane ukhukhamba. Ukugqoka u-Foliar phezulu kwamakhukhamba endaweni evulekile ne-nitrate kungenziwa njalo izinsuku ezingu-10, ukulungiselela isisombululo ngesilinganiso sama-gramu angu-10 omanyolo ngamalitha angu-5 amanzi.