Ukutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate, ukuhlwanyela kokutshala imifino yokushisa

Ngokuvamile, abalimi banesithakazelo enkingeni enjalo ethandwayo njengokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa yama polycarbonate, ngoba imifino yokushisa iwumkhiqizo wokuqala futhi olindele isikhathi eside. Ukuze zikhule kalula ngesakhiwo esivaliwe, lapho i-polycarbonate isiza khona ukuhlomisa i-microclimate ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwesihlahla. Le ndlela inezimfihlo zayo eziqondile zokuthola isivuno esihle.

Ukutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa - ukulungiselela

Indawo ekahle yokulungiswa kwemibhede ingaba yindawo ehlala phansi, mhlawumbe indawo enomthamo oseningizimu. Ukutshala izithombo zamakhukhamba ebamba lokushisa okwenziwe nge-polycarbonate yokwenziwa kwenziwa ngokungahambisani, kuthuthukiswe inhlabathi ephilayo, inhlabathi evundile. Okokuqala, impahla yekhwalithi ikhethiwe. Imifino yemifino ifanele ukuzitholela impova, isibonelo - "Caprice", "Halle", "Marinda". Kungcono ukuthenga imbewu eguqulelwe umbuso wokushisa wendawo. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uqale ukulungiselela ukushisa, inhlabathi nenzalo.

Izwe lokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa

Umhlabathi wokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa eyenziwe nge-syntcartic polycarbonate kuqala uhlolwe futhi unqunywe i-disinfected. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ekwindla, yonke imfucuza yesitshalo isuswa kusayithi. Emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokumba, umquba omusha usungulwa - 10-15 kg / m ² .
2. Ukutshala ukhukhamba ku-greenhouse polycarbonate kuhambisana nokuphathwa kwe-substrate nge-fungicides - i-Phytosporin, i-Phytocide.
3. Ngentwasahlobo inhlabathi ikhululiwe ngokujula ngo-20 cm, 2 tbsp. l ash, plus 2 tsp superphosphate evamile ngomunye 1 m ² . Isayithi ithululelwa nge-biostimulator Energen - i-capsule eli-1 liyoncibilika ebhakedeni lamanzi elishisiwe lifika ku-50 ° C, bese kuthi amalitha angu-2-3 okubunjwa ahanjiswa ngehora elingu-1 m ² .
4. Amasiko ayithandi isimo sezulu esibanda, imibhede "efudumele" iphelele. Inhlabathi iyakhiwa nge-organic-liquid manure, amaqabunga awile, ngokuwamboza ngokujulile ngamasentimitha angu-30. Inqubo yokubopha indaba, umbhede uzofudumala kusuka ngezansi.

Ukulungisela ukushisa kwekhakhamba ukutshala ikhukhamba

Imithetho yokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa eyenziwe ngamakholi we-polycarbonate weselula ukucwiliswa kokuqala kwesakhiwo ngokwayo ekuqaleni kwenkathi. Ukwakhiwa kungasetshenziswa i-disinfected nge-bleach bolt ye-bleach. Kudingekile ukuhlunga amagremu angama-400 omuthi kulelo bhakede lamanzi eligcwele, ukucwilisa yonke ingaphakathi yendawo yokushisa, i-joists, isekela. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ubulale amagciwane kanye nama-parasites.

Ukulungiselela imbewu yamakhukhamba okutshala endaweni yokushisa

Ngaphambi kokutshala ukhukhamba ku-greenhouse polycarbonate, imbewu kumele ilungiselelwe: i-disinfect imbewu bese ihluma. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze isivuno sesikhathi esizayo singabe sigula ngokungazelelwe. Ukutshala ukhukhamba ku-greenhouse polycarbonate - ukulungiselela imbewu:

• imbewu ye-disinfection igwebe isigamu sehora ngama-manganese. Ukuze i-disinfection, i-hydrogen peroxide nayo ifanele - ishisa kufikela ku-40 ° C futhi imbewu ivunyelwe ukuma emanzini amaminithi angu-8;
• ngemuva kokuthi i-inoculum ihlanzwe ngamanzi asebenzayo;
• imbewu ifakwa cheesecloth, ngosuku olulandelayo bahlushwa amahlumela.

Indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa?

Ngaphambi kokutshala ukhukhamba eklasini eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate, bafunda imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, isikhathi sokuhlwanyela nokuhlwanyela. Ukulima kuyenzeka ngosizo lwezithombo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela noma imbewu ihluma emhlabathini. Esikhathini sokuqala, amahlumela asevele enamandla futhi enempilo, okwesibili ukukhathalela amahlumela amathenda kwenziwa ngqo emhlabathini. Lezi zinqola zihlonywe ngezintambo ze-2 m ngobukhulu ukuze izitshalo ezizayo zikwazi ukugoqa.

Ukutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa enezinhlamvu

Uma kufika isikhathi futhi umhlaba ushushu, imbewu yokutshala ihlwanyelwa. Indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa ngembewu:

• umhlabathi embhedeni u-podpushivaetsya, owenziwe, ophethwe ngokukhululekile;
• ngokusho kohlelo lokufika, izimbobo zenziwa ukujula kwama-25 cm;
• emgodini wafaka umquba womquba , ohlangene nomhlabathi, kanye ne-pinch of charcoal;
• emgodini ngamunye izitshalo ezimbili zitshalwe, imishanguzo enamandla kunazo zonke ishiywe kamuva;
• Imibhede ihlanganiswe nomhlaba (ayitholakali) futhi ihambelana namanzi afudumele ngokukhululekile.

Indlela yokutshala ikhukhamba izithombo endaweni yokushisa?

Ukutshala ngokuvamile kwamakhukhamba ku-greenhouse polycarbonate kwenziwa yi-seedling, cishe kungenzeka ukubona isivuno ngaphambili. Uma kudingeka ukuphoqeleka amahlumela, amasonto amathathu anele. Ukuhlakulela okulula kuzo iziqukathi ezincane, izimbiza ze-peat noma izinkomishi zeplastiki ezilahlayo. Indlela yokutshala ngokucophelela ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa yama polycarbonate yeselula ngokusebenzisa izithombo:

• amahlumela azohluma kahle ku-substrate kusuka ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ze-peat, sawdust, turf ecebile inhlabathi kanye ne-humus;
• imbewu itshalwe esitsheni, iyancipha ngamaphesenti ama-2.5, iphuziswa ngamanzi avuthayo njalo;
• ukutshala ikhava nge-cellophane bese ufaka endaweni efudumele enelanga;
• izimo zokushisa ezinhle zokuhluma - + 26-28 ° C;
• lapho amagciwane ahlanjululwa, i-cellophane isusiwe, umbuso usethelwe ngaphakathi + kuka-20 ° C. Ngakho ungagwema ukwelula amahlumela;
• ukunakekelwa kusetshenziswe ngokulinganisela, ungasebenzisa umanyolo "Agricola for izithombo";
• emva kwezinsuku ezingu-14 amahlumela asuliwe - ngesonto bahlela umbuso phakathi nosuku + 16-18 ° C, + 13-15 ° C ebusuku;
• lapho ama-3-4 aveza amapheshana ekhona ezinsukwini ezingama-20-25, amahlumela atshalwa phansi;
• emigodini evuliwe ngokuhambisana ne-scheme, ehlanganiswe nomquba womhlaba, bese uthele ku-"Effeton", uthatha ama-3 tbsp. l ibhakede eligcwele lamanzi ashisayo nokusetshenziswa ngetitha ngalinye ngomgodi ngamunye;
• Izithombo zibekwe eceleni kwamaqabunga e-cotyledon, hhayi ukujula kakhulu iziqu;
• Izithombo zanisela futhi zafafazwa nge-sawdust noma utshani.

Ibanga phakathi kwamakhukhamba esitheni sokushisa lapho utshala

Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokutshala ukhukhamba elitheni lokushisa olwenziwe nge-polycarbonate yeselula: umugqa we-100 cm ububanzi, ukudlula kwe-50 cm no-40 cm - ibanga phakathi kwama-specimens. Ku-1 m ² yesayithi kufanele ibe khona okungaphezulu kuka-5 amahlathi. Esikhathini sokubamba ukushisa okububanzi obuyi-2 m okungcono kakhulu ukuhlelwa kwemigqa emibili nomzila phakathi kwabo. Kungcono ukwenza imibhede "efudumele" 35 cm high nge umquba noma umquba ngaphakathi. Izinsuku ezingu-7 ngaphambi kokutshala okuhlongozwayo, zihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene, egcina ukushisa nomswakama emhlabathini.

Yini engingayifaka ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa?

Ukutshala izithombo zamakhukhamba ku-greenhouse polycarbonate kungenziwa ngaphandle kwezitshalo ezinye. Omakhelwane abahle kakhulu bazoba: I-Peking iklabishi, lwesinaphi, isithombo sebhitrudi sasekuseni. Ukutshala i-fennel eseduze kuyovikela ukulwa nama-parasites. Hlakula imifino ezindaweni ezithinta isipinashi, ulethisi. Bavusa ukukhula kwezimpande. U-anyanisi negalikhi bazoba omakhelwane abahle futhi bavikele isiko kusuka ezifweni zebhaktheriya. Ukubheka okukhethekile kungakhokhwa ku-asparagus ubhontshisi. Uveza isivuno semifino futhi unikeza inhlabathi nge nitrogen. Amabhontshisi afakwa phakathi kwemigqa noma eduze nomjikelezo wokufika.

Indlela yokuphuza ukhukhamba ebusweni obushushu emva kokutshala?

Izitshalo ezinjengomvelo onomanzi, zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokunisela okunekhono. Ukuphakamisa amaminerali nokudlula umhlaba akudingekile. Imithetho yokunisela:

• lenziwa ngamanzi afudumele - umkhuhlane uqinisa ukukhula kwezitshalo futhi uholela ezifweni ze-rhizome;
• ukuphuza isikhathi - ekuseni noma kusihlwa;
• emagatsheni akufanele ukuwa, ukuze kungabi ukucindezela imifino ebuthakathaka;
• ukuphuza izithombo zamakhukhamba kubamba lokushisa emva kokutshala kuze kufike izimbali kufanele zilinganise: 4 amalitha amanzi / m ² . Kulo modi, isihlahla ngeke sikhule amahlamvu amaningi futhi sizokwenza i-ovary ngenkuthalo;
• kanye nokuqala kwezimbali kanti sonke isikhathi sokunisela ukukhula kwe-fruiting sithuthukisiwe: emva kosuku emvongeni wezingu-9-12 zamanzi / m ² .

Izitshalo lapho utshala ukhukhamba ebusweni obuncithakalo

Ukondla okwesikhashana kanye nokufaneleka emva kokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa ephezulu ye-polycarbonate kunquma ukukhiqiza. Lapho wenza ezinye izimpande nezitshalo zangaphandle, imifino ikhula enkulu futhi iyinambitha. Ukwengezwa kwamakhukhamba lapho utshala endaweni yokushisa eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate:

1. Okuyinhloko ikhiqizwa lapho amahlumela amaningana evela emahlumela (amasonto ambalwa emva kokuhlwanyela). Yenza ukwakheka: 20 g we-superphosphate kabili, 15 g we potassium sulfate, 10-15 g we-ammonium nitrate ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ivolumu yanele ngokwezihlahla ezingu-10-15.
2. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-20 esiteji sobukhulu bemifino kanye nomhlobiso wama-ovari usebenzisa i-organic: isigamu sebheyi le-mullein eline-liquid kanye ne-1 tbsp. l nitrofoski ibhakede eligcwele lamanzi. I-0.5 g ye-boric acid, i-200 g yomlotha kanye no-0.4 g we-manganese sulphate ingafakwa kwisisombululo esakhiwe. Izinga lokusebenzisa liyi-3 l / m ² .
3. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-15, kuyadingeka ukugcwaliswa kwesithathu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinto eziphilayo: 2.5 tbsp. l Mullein ebhakede eligcwele lamanzi. Isimiso singu-8 l / m ² .
4. Emva kwamasonto ambalwa, ukudla okuthathu kuphindaphindiwe.
5. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Foliar kuyasiza kumasiko. Uma ihlumela likhula kabi, khona-ke ukubunjwa kuka-150 g we-urea kanye nebhakede lamanzi, elinyelwa yingxenye yomhlabathi, kuzokufika kahle. Ukugcwalisa isihlahla ngezinto ezilandelanayo ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe i-fruiting (ikakhulukazi uma amaqabunga ephuzi), ungenza ukuchelela kwangaphandle kwehlathi ngokubunjwa: i-60 g ye-superphosphate elula, i-1 g ye-boric acid, i-30 g ye-nitassium nitrate ebhakedini eligcwele lamanzi.

Imigomo yokutshala ukhukhamba ku-abamba ukushisa

Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kokutshala ukhukhamba ku-greenhouse kuyinto + 20-25 ° C. Ku-15 ° C, lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle futhi siyeka ukwakha i-ovary. Imigomo yokutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate:

• endaweni yokushisa ebusika esebusayo, imbewu yezithombo kumele itshalwe phakathi kukaFebhuwari;
• Ukutshala kwamakhukhamba endaweni yokushisa eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate nemibhede ejwayelekile "efudumele" eyenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli;
• endaweni yokushisa ngaphandle kokushisa kanye nemibhede "efudumele," evuthayo kuphela ngenxa yelanga, ukutshala kuhlelwe ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.