Kunombono wokuthi i-urologist ithatha izifo "zesilisa" kuphela. Noma kunjalo, lo mbono uyiphutha. Eqinisweni, umsebenzi waloluchwepheshe ubuhloswe ekutholeni kanye nokwelapha okulandelwayo kwamathambo womgogodla kumadoda nabesifazane. Yebo, futhi ukufunwa kwezinsizakalo zayo kungaba nanoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ubani urologist futhi uyiphatha?
Lesi siqondiso semithi singathinteki ngokungahambisani nabanye: zibandakanya izingane zokwelashwa, i-andrology kanye ne-gynecology. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngubani urologist nokuthi wenzani. Enkonzweni yaloluchwepheshe, okungenani kanye empilweni, wonke umuntu uphakamisa. Isimo sezinkinga zempilo lapho lo dokotela asiza khona ukubhekana nakho kuhle. Nakhu okushiwo urologist:
- I-Cystitis yisifo esicasulwa ngumsebenzi wama-bacterium we-pathogenic.
- I-urethritis - ama-pathogens ayo ayi-chlamydia, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye no-E. coli.
- I-Pyelonephritis yisifo segciwane esithinta i-renal pelvis.
- I-urolithiasis - ingathinta i-urethra, ureters, izinso nesambatho.
- I-prostate adenoma - ukugula kuvame ukutholakala emadodeni emva kweminyaka engama-40.
- Izifo ezingokwemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-urologist iphathe ukuhlukumeza nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwesistimu ye-urogenital. Njengoba kunikezwe ububanzi obuningi bezifo ezihlobene nalesi sifo semithi, kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi udokotela angase abe nomsebenzi omncane:
- udokotela obhekana nezinkinga ze-urogynecological;
- ochwepheshe osiza ukubhekana nezifo "zesilisa";
- udokotela wezingane (uhlola abafana namantombazane);
- i-urologist-surgeon;
- i-oncologist;
- udokotela onokuzikhethela ngokweqile (ikhono lakhe ukwelashwa kwabantu asebekhulile).
Udokotela ohlinzayo-urologist
Lo dokotela wenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesiguli futhi, uma kunesidingo, kuqhuba ukuhlinzwa. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi u-orologist-surgeon ungubani, basiza izinkinga ezibhekiswe kulo mchwepheshe:
- ukutholakala kwemizimba yangaphandle (amatshe) ohlelweni lwe-genitourinary;
- izifo ezitholakalayo ezitholakalayo futhi ezitholakalayo;
- ukuvuvukala okungapheli njalo njalo.
Urologist-oncologist
Izinsizakalo zalawo odokotela ziyadingeka kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ngubani urologist nokuthi yini akwenzayo ukubhekana nayo ngesikhathi futhi hhayi ukukhulisa inkinga esimweni esibucayi. I-oncologist yezochwepheshe ithatha izifo ezinjalo:
- umdlavuza we-prostate;
- isisu sezinso ;
- ukuhlelwa okuhle nokulimazayo esihlokweni;
- umdlavuza wesinye isikhathi nokunye.
Urologist-andrologist
Lo dokotela ugxile ekwelapheni izifo "zesilisa". Kulo dokotela abameleli bezinsizwa ezinamandla baphatha izinkinga zabo obuseduze, ngoba bayazi ukuthi urologist ungubani we-andrologist futhi bayaqiniseka ukuthi uzobasiza. Lo dokotela ugxile ezifweni ezinjalo:
- I-prostate adenoma - ibizwa nangokuthi i-prostatic hyperplasia. Kuze kube manje, kusenaso isizathu esizwakalayo sokuthi kungani ama-nodules avela kulesi sitho. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sifo esihlobene nobudala.
- I-Vesiculitis yisifo lapho kuvutha khona ukuvuvukala kwama-vesicles esondlo. Uthintwa yilabo abanenkinga emsebenzini womzimba wokuzivikela, namadoda aphila ngendlela yokuphila.
- I-Epididymitis yisifo lapho isifo sithinta ama-epididymis.
- Ukungenzi lutho okubangelwa ukuhamba okuncane noma ivolumu encane ye-spermatozoa.
- I-Condylomatosis - ukutholakala kwama-warts ku-anus.
- I-Varikotsele - isifo se-venous, lapho izitsha zensimu ye-spermatic zanda.
- Ukungabi namandla - kunciphise umsebenzi wezocansi.
Nini ukuxhumana nodokotela we-urologist?
Iningi labantu lihlale livakashele lo dokotela, bezama ukuxazulula inkinga yabo yezempilo ngokwabo. Kodwa-ke, ukuphulukisa ukuzilimaza kuyingozi ngoba kugcizelela isimo kuphela: isikhathi silahlekile futhi lesi sifo sikhula kusuka efomeni ibe yinto enzima. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kungaqeda kabi. I-urologist inokuhlangenwe nakho okukhulu kakhulu. Uzokwenza ngokushesha ukuhlola ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi iqiniso liyi-diagnosis, futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
Kubalulekile kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa ukwazi ukuthi urologist uphatha kanjani, futhi uma bethola izimpawu zokuqala ezisolisayo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Izimpawu ezesabekayo kungenzeka ukuthi zithwale lokhu:
- ukuvuthwa okubuhlungu;
- ukutholakala kwegazi noma ukuqhuma emcimbini;
- ukungahambisani ;
- ukuvuthwa okungajwayelekile noma okuvamile;
- ukuvuvukala ebusweni nasemaphethelweni;
- umuzwa wokuphuza kwesinye isisu;
- ukwehla kwesifiso sobulili (ngobulili obunamandla);
- ubuhlungu ku-perineum;
- ukugwinya okukhulu endaweni yangasese;
- i-ejaculation ngaphambi kwesikhathi emadodeni;
- ukungcola okunomsoco kusuka e-urethra;
- i-rezi eqinile esiswini.
Ulologist uthola kanjani?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko yocwaningo olunjalo ukuhlonza kahle nokubeka ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ukwamukelwa kwe-urologist kuboniswa izinqubo eziningana, okungenzeka ukuthi zibhekene nemibandela yokuphoqelela futhi eyengeziwe. Okokuqala kufaka:
- ukuqoqa ulwazi - ukutadisha umlando wezokwelapha kanye nokulalela izikhalo zakhe;
- ukulinganisa kokushisa komzimba;
- ukuhlolwa;
- i-palpation;
- uma usola ukugula kwezinso, ukushaya kwabo kuyenziwa.
Izivivinyo ezengeziwe ziqokwa udokotela, ngokusekelwe kocansi lwesiguli, ukuhlolwa kokudala nokuqaphela. Ukuqaphela ukuthi ngubani udokotela we-urologist, kubalulekile ukulungiselela kahle ukuvakashelwa kulo mchwepheshe. Kulokhu, iziguli ezikhulile zidinga ukulandela izincomo ezinjalo:
- Amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuvakashela le dokotela kufanele aphule ngokuphelele isilonda. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kukadokotela kuwo kukhona inani elithile lamanzi okwanele.
- Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kubalulekile ukulahlwa ukudla okuvuthayo nokukhiqizwa kwegesi. Kufaka iklabishi, izithelo, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yobisi, isinkwa esimnyama nokunye. Isilinganiso esinjalo sihlose ukuthola ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa nge-ultrasound of the izinso, njengoba ukwehluleka kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwedatha.
- Ngolunye usuku ngaphambi kokuvakashela kudokotela, amadoda kudingeka ahlukane nokulala ngokocansi, ngoba angakwenza kube nzima ukuqoqa ukuhlolwa okudingekayo.
- Imithetho yokuhlanzeka komuntu kufanele ibonwe. Lokhu kufaka hlangana nokugeza ngaphambi kokuvakashela udokotela nokushintsha ingubo yangaphansi.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi uzilungiselele ngokuziphatha ngenxa yezinkinga ezizayo.
Ukuhlolwa okungenangqondo
Inhlolovo enjalo ingahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isiguli singumuntu noma owesifazane. Nansi ukuthi urologist uhlola ubulili obuqinile:
- uhlola isimo se-scrotum nama-testes;
- uhlola izitho zamakhansela endaweni yokulima;
- uhlolisisa isikhumba esiseduze nezocansi;
- uhlola i-prostate gland;
- uhlola ubujamo nobukhulu bepenisi;
- nge-palpation sinquma isimo sezinso.
Ukuhlolwa kwabesifazane kuqhutshwa esihlalweni sobubele. Nakhu okuhlolwayo kwabesifazane:
- isimo sezitho zangasese zangaphandle;
- uqhuba ukuhlolwa kwe-urethra;
- ihlanganisa indawo yezinso kanye nesinye.
Ihlaziya ngo-urology
Ukuthola isithombe esinokwethenjelwa ngesimo sesiguli, udokotela angase ancoma ukuthi umuntu ophendukele kuye uhambe ngezifundo ezengeziwe ze-laboratory kanye nezinsimbi. Ngokuvamile lezi zivivinyo zegazi ku-urology ziyaphela:
- okuvamile;
- i-biochemical;
- ukutholakala kwe-antichistosomium egazini;
- incazelo yama-offcomers;
- ukutadisha ukuhlolwa kwe testosterone egazini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundo ezinjalo zingabelwa:
- ukuhlwanyela ukukhishwa kwesisu;
- ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile komchamo;
- i-spermogram;
- i-cystoscopy yesisindo;
- I-MRI.
Amathiphu okungaqondakali
Ukuze uvimbele ukuhlukumeza kwenkinga, udinga ukuxhumana nochwepheshe lapho izimpawu zokuqala eziphazamisayo zivela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuba uhlole udokotela njalo futhi ulandele zonke izincomo ze-urologist. Lokhu kusebenza kuqala kulabo bantu abanesabelo esiyinzalo ekuthuthukiseni izifo zesistimu ye-genitourinary, kanye nabantu ababenemisebenzi yabo eshukumisa ukubukeka kwalawo ma-pathologies.
Izeluleko ze-urologist zabesifazane
Kulula kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo kunokulwa nalo kamuva. Lokhu kuzosiza amathiphu alandelayo urologist abesifazane:
- Kubalulekile ukugwema i-hypothermia. Ebusika kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka ngokufudumele. Ehlobo, i-subcooling ingenzeka uma ibhukuda emanzini abandayo. Futhi, awukwazi ukuhlala izingubo ezimanzi noma izingubo isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke emva kwezinqubo zamanzi kufanele ushintshe izingubo ezomile.
- Kubalulekile ukushiya imikhuba emibi.
- Ukudla kufanele kube yikhwalithi nokulinganisela.
- Kubalulekile ukwenza umzimba ohlose ukuqinisa izitho ze-pelvis encane kanye nemisipha ye-perineum.
Izeluleko ze-urologist zamadoda
Ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezibi kakhulu, ngokuba nobulili obuqinile, ukuvakashela kulesi sosayensi kufanele kube yinto evamile. Konke okuphulukisa urologist onjalo kungavinjelwa, ukuvimbela okwenzekayo kanye nokwanda kwesimo senkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukulalela izincomo zaloluchwepheshe. Iseluleko se-urologist isrologist kanje:
- Ukulala okuhle ebusuku.
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba.
- Ukudla okunomsoco.
- Ukuphila ngokocansi njalo.
- Izindwangu eziduduzayo, ezingezona ukucindezela ezenziwe ngemikhwama yemvelo.
- Ukuqaphela ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu nokunye.