Emazweni athuthukile, izinkinga eziningi zezokwelapha zixazululwa ekutholeni ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo komsebenzi jikelele. Udokotela womndeni usiza ukusindisa isikhathi kuphela seziguli, kodwa futhi imali. Ezimweni eziningi, uyakwazi ukushintsha odokotela bephrofayela encane ngisho neqembu eliphuthumayo.
Umgudu omkhulu - ngubani lo?
Ukuvakashela esibhedlela nganoma yiziphi izimpawu, umuntu uzama ukuya kumtholampilo kuqala. Kulokhu, iziguli zivame ukubuza: ochwepheshe jikelele omunye umuntu emtholampilo. Isazi somndeni siphinde senze izikhungo zezokwelapha, kodwa ububanzi bomsebenzi wakhe bubanzi kakhulu. Ngenxa yeseluleko sodokotela onjalo, ungasheshe usungula ukuxilongwa ngaphandle kokucwaninga okungenasidingo nophando lwama-laboratory.
Uchwepheshe kanye nomsebenzi jikelele ngu umehluko
Udokotela womkhaya oqeqeshiwe uyinhlangano ehlukene yezifundo eziningi nolwazi kuzo zonke izigaba zemithi. Into esemqoka, ukuthi lo mhlukumezi uhluke kanjani kumsebenzi ojwayelekile, ububanzi bomsebenzi wakhe. Imithwalo yemisebenzi yomndeni ihlanganisa amaphuzu amaningi. Ngokungafani nodokotela, udokotela ochazwe angenza imisebenzi elula yokuxilonga kanye nokwelashwa, imishini yakhe ifakwe ehhovisi lakhe.
Jikelele wezokwelapha - iziqu
Uchwepheshe ohlolwe kuqala uthola imfundo ephakeme eyisisekelo yezokwelapha. Akuzona zonke iziguli eziqonda ukuthi yikuphi "ochwepheshe jikelele" okushoyo, ukudideka naye ngomuthi. Udokotela onjalo uneziqu eziphambili. Ukwamukela emva kwediploma eyisisekelo kanye nokuqeqeshwa, kufanele uqede ukuhlala endaweni ekhethekile "Imithi Yomndeni (Ukuzijwayeza Okujwayelekile)". Abasebenzi bezibhedlela, abaye bathola imfundo ephakeme ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwale mfanelo, bangakwazi ukuvuselelwa okuyisisekelo esheshayo.
Umsebenzi ojwayelekile angasebenza kuphi?
Udokotela womndeni yinto ekhethekile yokuvumela ukuthi usebenze emitholampilo yomphakathi kanye yangasese. Ngesikhathi umsebenzi we-general practitioner ungabizwa ngokubheka isinxephezelo sempahla, ochwepheshe abaningi abanolwazi bavula amakamelo abo okwamukela. Abanye odokotela babhekana nokululekwa ngabanye ngemindeni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu.
Izinsiza zehhovisi lomsebenzi jikelele
Uchwepheshe ochazwe angenza izinqubo ezahlukene zokuxilonga nezokwelapha. Udokotela womndeni akanalo i-phonendoscope kuphela, i-thermometer ne-tonometer, kodwa namanye amadivayisi. I-standard ehhovisi likadokotela kufanele ibe yifenisha edingekayo yomsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe, umhlengikazi kanye nemishini elandelayo:
- i-electrocardiograph ephathekayo;
- i-defibrillator;
- ukuveza abahlaziyi bomchamo, izinga le-glucose, i-cholesterol, i-cardiomarkers egazini;
- I-Smokey;
- i-pulse oximeter;
- imishini yokulinganisa izinkomba zomzimba (izikali, i-rostometer, isitophuwashi, i-pedometer, iforki ye-tuning nokunye);
- i-negatoscope;
- i-spirometer;
- izinto zokufakelwa umoya;
- i-pikfluometer;
- I-Tonometer yokulinganisa ukucindezelwa kwe-fundus;
- izinhlanzi;
- i-kit for conicotomy;
- i-dynamometers;
- I-breathalyzer;
- isethi yemvelo, isihlalo sabakhubazekile;
- amadivaysi otolaryngological (umlimi, i-rotor-expander, amandla e-guttural kanye nabanye);
- i-tracheotomy kit;
- i-ophthalmoscope;
- imishini yokuhlukunyezwa okuyinhloko nokunakekelwa kokuhlinzeka (izibhebhe, isihlangu sokhuni, izikhonkwane, isisindo seqhwa nezinye);
- i-otorinoscope;
- isitayela;
- i-oxygen inhaler;
- i-aspirator;
- i-irradiator ye-bactericidal;
- imishini yezinzwa (isando, isiqondiso esibonakalayo);
- ukuphefumula amashubhu namadivayisi;
- Ama-scalpel oyinyumba namanye amadivayisi.
Yini osebenza ngayo jikelele?
Udokotela womndeni oqeqeshiwe uhlinzekela zonke izinhlobo zokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngesisusa somzimba. Uma isiguli sibheka i-pathology engabandakanyi ohlwini lwalokho okwenziwa yi-general practitioner, ubhekiselwa kuchwepheshe okhethekile. Udokotela uhlolisisa zonke izigaba zokuxilongwa kanye nokwelapha "kwesigceme" sakhe, njengoba kudingekile, wenza izinguquko.
Umsebenzi jikelele - imisebenzi yomsebenzi
Imithi yomndeni ithatha ukubhekwa okuqhubekayo kwenkinga yeziguli, inhlangano yokubonisana nodokotela abakhethekile kanye nezifundo zelabhutriki, ukwelapha iziguli nokuvimbela izifo. Imisebenzi esemqoka ye-GP:
- ukuqoqwa kwama-anamnesis okuningiliziwe kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni;
- ukuhlola ngokucophelela iziguli zisebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezihlose;
- incazelo yezifundo ezikhethekile kanye nokuhlaziya;
- ukuxilongwa;
- ukungena yonke imininingwane ekhadini lomuntu siqu;
- ukuqokwa kwemithi ephumelelayo, ukudluliselwa esibhedlela njengoba kudingeka;
- ukuhlonza izinkinga zokuthuthukiswa noma ukwandiswa kwezifo ezingapheliyo;
- ukugoma ;
- ukubhaliswa kwamadokhumenti wezokwelapha (iziguli, iziguli, i-sanatorium-resort resort, izitifiketi, ikhadi lesikhathi sokugula kanye nabanye);
- ukuqhuba ukukhulelwa (okungajwayelekile, ngokuvamile kusebenza nodokotela wamazinyo kanye nodokotela womndeni);
- usizo lokuqala kanye nokubonisana.
Izivivinyo ezidingekayo
Udokotela wezokwelapha emndenini uncoma ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwama laboratory. Ngemuva kokungeniswa kokuqala, udokotela ukhetha:
- ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile kwegazi nomchamo;
- isiko le-bacteriological ;
- ukuvivinya igazi kwegazi nokuzivocavoca ;
- i-bacterioscopy;
- i-biochemistry yomchamo.
Uma isethi eyisisekelo sokuhlolwa enganele, isazi somndeni siqondisa ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe:
- iphaneli ye-hormonal;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela;
- ukutholakala kwabaqaphi ;
- i-virology;
- ukuhlaziywa kokuhlasela kwe-helminthic;
- i-cytology nabanye.
Izinhlobo zokuxilongwa
Kunezinyathelo eziningi ezenziwa ngudokotela womndeni - imisebenzi ihlanganisa:
- ukulalela inhliziyo kanye nemisindo yokuphefumula;
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph nodes;
- ingxabano ngemuva nangesifuba;
- Ukuhlolwa kwezindlebe, i-larynx, ikhala;
- i-palpation yesistimu yokugaya nokugaya;
- izivivinyo zemizimba;
- ukuxilongwa kwesimo se-musculoskeletal system;
- ukuhlolwa kwezitho zombono;
- ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa kanye nezinye izinqubo zokuxilonga.
Nini ukubona i-GP?
Isizathu sokubonisana nomchwepheshe womndeni kungaba yimuphi ushintsho esimweni sezempilo noma isimo somzimba, kubandakanya ukukhulelwa. Umphathi jikelele ngeke nje abeke ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili futhi anikeze izincomo eziwusizo, kodwa futhi ahlakulele uhlelo olusebenzayo lwezokwelapha ngabanye. Uma isifo esitholiwe singaphandle kwamakhono ayo, isiguli sithunyelwa ochwepheshe bephrofayili encane efanele, uhlu lwezinhlolo ezidingekayo ze-laboratory lunikezwa.
Umndeni owaziwa udokotela uzosiza ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukushisa komzimba okuphakeme;
- ukuphuza esikhumbeni;
- ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla;
- i-syndrome yesifo kwanoma yikuphi ukuqina kanye nokwakhiwa kwendawo;
- ukukhathala okungapheli;
- ukulala;
- ukuwohloka kwezinto ezibonakalayo noma ukuzwa;
- ukubonakala kwe-moles entsha noma ukushintsha ukubukeka kwe-nevi ekhona;
- ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula okunzima;
- ukuzondwa, ukwehlisa ukunakwa;
- ukukhwehlela, ukuzwakala kwezwi;
- ukuminyanisa kwamanzi;
- ukujula okuhlabayo ekucindezelweni kwegazi;
- ukuwohloka komthamo wokusebenza;
- ukulahleka okungenasici noma inzuzo enganangqondo yesisindo;
- ukoma, umlomo owomile;
- ukuxosha emlenzeni, ukuphazamiseka;
- umkhawulo wokuhamba komhlane, izitho;
- i-neuroses;
- iziphazamiso ezicindezelayo nezinye izimpawu.
Iseluleko sikaDokotela
Ngaphandle kokwelapha izifo ezikhona, umchwepheshe womndeni ukhathalela ukuvimbela ukutholakala kwamathambo. Iseluleko esijwayelekile sodokotela sihlanganisa izincomo eziyisisekelo zokulondoloza impilo enempilo ephelele futhi egcwele:
- Thola ukulala ngokwanele. Kunconywa ukuthi uphumule kungakapheli amahora angu-22-23. Isikhathi sokulala ngokuphelele ngamahora angu-8-10.
- Ukudla ngokulinganisela. Ukudla kufanele kube namavithamini, amaprotheni, amaminerali, ama-amino acids nama-carbohydrate. Kubalulekile ukwanelisa isidingo somzimba nsuku zonke.
- Ukunikeza isikhathi sokusebenza ngokomzimba. Kunconywe udokotela womndeni okungenani - umzuzu wamaminithi amahlanu-eyishumi ekuseni.
- Gwema ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo. Ukucindezeleka kunomthelela omubi hhayi kuphela esimweni sengqondo, kepha kubuye kugubhe amandla omzimba.
- Ukuphatha izifo ezingapheli ngesikhathi. Uma kutholakala izifo ezinengqondo, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuphindaphindiwe, ukunamathela ngokuqinile kwizikhungo zokuvimbela zokwelashwa ezibekwe udokotela womndeni.
- Hlala uvakashele ukuhlola okuhleliwe. Kunconywa ukuba uhlolwe ngokugcwele kwezokwelapha kanye ngonyaka, ukubonisana nodokotela wamazinyo, ugesi wezinyanga zonke izinyanga eziyisithupha.