Izikhumba izifo ku greenhouse

Uma umbuso wokushisa kanye nezinga lomswakama lomoya liphazamiseka endaweni yokushisa, khona-ke ikhukhamba elihlwanyelwe ngokucophelela liqala ukuqeda. Eyokuqala ukuthola futhi ukukhomba lesi sifo, ukuvuna kuzohlala kunempilo. Ngakho-ke ake sibheke ikhukhamba elitheni lokushisa.

Izifo ezivame kakhulu zamakhukhamba ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo

I-Anthracnose iyisifo se-fungal samakhukhamba , esivela ngenxa yemiswakama ephezulu endaweni yokushisa. Lesi sifo siqala ngokubonakala kwezindawo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo ngeziqu kanye namaqabunga, bese kuba nezithelo zezilonda ezijulile ezine-pink mucus. Izithelo ezithintekile kufanele zibhujiswe ngokushesha, ngoba ngeke zikhule zibe usayizi ojwayelekile.

Izindlela zokulawula : uma uthola izimpawu zokuqala zesifo, ufafaza kanye ngesonto ngesisombululo se-Bordeaux liquid (1%).

I-Downy isikhutha (i- peronosporosis ) isiye isifo esivame kakhulu futhi esiyingozi samakhukhamba ku-greenhouse. Iningi livame ukuvela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti emva kokushintsha okubukhali ekushiseni, ukuvuthwa okuqinile kwifilimu noma ukuchelela ngamanzi abandayo. Okokuqala, amabala aluhlaza afaka emaqabunga, ekhuphuka phakathi nesonto, amaqabunga aphenduka obomvu emva kokushisa bese emile ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3.

Izindlela zokulawula :

• ukuyeka ukuphuza nokugqoka phezulu izinsuku ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-7;
• sishaye emva kokunciphisa umswakama ngesisombululo (22-24 ° C) esishisayo (Top 22 ° C) (1 ampoule per 10 amalitha amanzi);
• umoya we-greenhouse, ongavumeli ukwehla kokushisa kuwo (phakathi nosuku 20-25 ° C, nasebusuku 18-22 ° C);
• Ngobusuku, izitshalo zihlanganiswa ukuze zigcine izinga lokushisa.

I-root rot on ukhukhamba kwenzeka uma usebenzisa emhlabathini wokushisa owawusetshenziselwa ukhukhamba okhulayo, ukwehla okubukhali kokushisa nokuhlwanyela okungalungile kwezithombo. Unganquma ukuthi amaqabunga ngesikhathi se-fruiting eqala ukuphela, futhi isiqu esisezimpandeni ziphenduka ophuzi futhi kuvele imifantu.

Izindlela zokulawula:

• lapho utshala, ungalimi kahle izithombo futhi ungadli umhlaba phezu kwehlobo;
• uma itholakala, lungiselela isisombululo (phuthukisa ithisipuni elilodwa le-copper sulfate, u-3 tbsp isikhala sika-0.5 l amanzi) bese uhambisa ingxenye engathintekile ye-stem ezimpandeni;
• ukubhubhisa izitshalo ezithintekile kanye nomhlabathi bese ushisa, futhi uthele umgodi ngesisombululo sulfal sulfate.

Futhi, ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu ku-abamba ukushisa, ukhukhamba ungabonakala luhlaza futhi umhlophe (ukubunjwa) kubola .

I-mosaic ejwayelekile (emhlophe) ye-ikhukhamba - lesi sifo segciwane esihlahleni sokushisa singanqunywa amabala aphuzi namhlophe kumaqabunga amancane anemibimbi. Kuholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo, umbala omncane wezimbali kanye nokuhlukahluka kwesithelo. Izitshalo ezithintekile kudingeka zibhujiswe, futhi bonke abanye baphinde bahlanganiswe. Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukuba wenze i-disinfection, ugcine imigomo yokutshala kwabantu futhi ukhule izinhlobo eziningi zamakhukhamba kule virus.

I-fusariosis yamakhukhamba - lesi sifo senziwa kaningi lapho sikhulile ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Kubonakala sengathi i-yellowing yamaqabunga lapho i-ovary ibonakala, khona-ke isibhamu soma futhi ingxenye engezansi ye-stem decays.

Izindlela zokulawula :

• ukuchithwa kwenhlabathi yokushisa;
• ukuhlwanyela imbewu kanye ne-biopreparation trichodermine (4g / kg) nokufakwa kwayo emhlabathini;
• ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele kanye nomswakama endaweni yokushisa;
• ukuchelela ngamanzi afudumele (20 ° C).
• ukubhujiswa kwezihlahla ezithathelwanayo.

I-Phytophthora kumakhukhamba esitsheni esibamba ukushisa ayiyinto engavamile, ingatholakala ngokubonakala kwezithelo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka izindawo ezingavamile. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane esiteji sokuvuthwa akusikiswanga, kepha kunendlela ethandwayo yokulwa nayo - ukwelapha kanye ngesonto nge-whey noma amanzi ehlanjululwa ngamanzi.

Futhi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo emaqabunga amakhukhamba, izifo ezinjenge- powdery isikhutha kanye nombala omnyama (umnqumo) zingabonakala, izitshalo ezibuthaka, ezingahle zilahlwe ngokucwilisa ngokuphelele inhlabathi kanye ne-greenhouse ngokwayo ngemva kwenkathi ngayinye ekhulayo.

Ukulondoloza i-microclimate efanele ku-greenhouse nokunakekelwa ngokucophelela kuzosiza ukugwema noma yiziphi izifo zamakhukhamba akho.