I-Pygmalion yiqhawe elivela emlandweni wamaGreki, owayengumdwebi omangalisayo futhi inkosi yaseCyprus. Ngokusho komlando, ngelinye ilanga wadala isithombe esihle kangaka esamthanda ngaphezu kokuphila. Wacela onkulunkulu ukuthi bamvuselela, futhi bagcwalisa isicelo sakhe. Ngokwengqondo, umphumela we-Pygmalion (noma i-Rosenthal effect) yinto evamile lapho umuntu eqiniseka ngokuqinile ngolwazi lwezenzo ngokuzibophezela ngendlela ethi athole isiqiniseko sangempela.
Umphumela we-Pygmalion - ukuhlolwa
Umphumela we-Pygmalion ubizwa nangokuthi umphumela wengqondo wokuqinisekisa ukulindela. Kwabonakala ukuthi lesi simo sivamile kakhulu.
Usosayensi waphumelela ekuboniseni ukufaneleka kwalesi sitatimende ngosizo lwe-classic test. Othisha besikole babatshelwa ukuthi phakathi kwabafundi kukhona izingane ezingakwazi futhi ezingakwazi kakhulu. Empeleni, bonke babesesimweni esifanayo solwazi. Kodwa ngenxa yalokho okwakulindeleke uthisha, kwavela umehluko: iqembu elaziwa ngokuthi likwazi ukukwazi, lathola amamaki aphezulu ekuvivinyeni kunalowo owashiwo ongenamandla.
Ngokumangazayo, okulindelwe othisha kwadluliselwa kakhulu kubafundi, futhi babacindezela ukuba benze umsebenzi kangcono noma kubi nakakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Encwadini kaRobert Rosenthal noLenore Jacobson, lo mzamo waqala ukuchazwa ngokuphathwa kwezilindelwe zothisha. Okumangalisa ukuthi lokhu kwaphazamisa ngisho nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-IQ.
Umphumela walokho kuhlolwa kwafakazela ukuthi lokhu kunikeza umphumela omuhle wokusebenza kwezingane "ezibuthakathaka" ezivela emindenini ehluphekile. Kubonakala sengathi bafunda okungaphezu kwalokho ngoba okulindeleke othisha mayelana nokusebenza kwabo kwezemfundo akubi.
Ngaphandle kokuhlola okunjalo, kwenziwa ucwaningo oluningi, oluye lwafakazela nokuba khona kwezenhlalo nezengqondo zePygmalion. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuqinile emaqenjini amadoda - ebuthweni, emzimbeni we-cadet, emafenjini kanye nasezimbonini zezimayini. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu kubantu abangakholelwa ebuholini, kodwa abangalindeli okuhle.
Indlela yokuchaza umphumela we-Pygmalion?
Kunezinguqulo ezimbili ezichaza umphumela we- Pygmalion. Usosayensi Cooper ukholelwa ukuthi othisha abahlelwe ngemiphumela ehlukene, bathi amagama ahlukene kubafundi bamaqembu amabili, basebenzisa ukukhulumisana nokuhlolisisa. Lapho bebona lokhu, abafundi ngokwabo bahlelwe ngemiphumela ehlukene.
Umcwaningi uBar-Tal uthi konke kuncike ekutheni othisha baqala ukucabanga ukuthi ukwehluleka kweqembu "obuthakathaka" kunezimbangela eziqinile. Ziziphatha ngendlela efanele, zinikeza izibonakaliso zomlomo nezingazwileki ezibonisa ukungakholelwa kuleli qembu, elidala umphumela onjalo.
I-Pygmalion Effect in Management
Ngokwenza njalo, umphumela wePygmalion wukuthi ukulindela kwabaphathi kungathonya imiphumela yomsebenzi wabangaphansi. Kukhona ukuthambekela lapho kubonakala khona: abaphathi abalinganisa abasebenzi bazuza imiphumela ephakeme kunalabo abakholelwa ukuthi bonke abangaphansi kwabo bangabonakali abambalwa. Kuye ngomphumela lapho umphathi ophezulu ehlelwe khona, abaphathi bangaphansi.
Umphumela we-Pygmalion empilweni
Ngokuvamile ungazwa inkulumo engemva kwaleyo ndoda yonke impumelelo yowesifazane owamenza ngaleyo ndlela. Lokhu kungabuye kubhekwe njengesibonelo esiphumelelayo somphumela we-Pygmalion.
Umndeni akufanele ube ngumthwalo, umuntu kufanele athathe amandla nokuphefumulelwa emndenini wakhe ngenxa yokuphila kwakhe komphakathi nokuphila. Kuphela ngesimo sengqondo esifanele emndenini umuntu angena eziphakemeyo. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akukuniki ilungelo lokusola izihlobo zakho ngokuhluleka: lokhu kuyinto eyengeziwe kuphela, futhi umholi oyinhloko wokuphila komuntu ngokwakhe. Futhi kuye kuye ukuba anqume ukuthi uzophumelela yini, ucebile futhi ujabule, noma cha.