Ukuthola isivuno esingenakuqhathaniswa kuzosiza ukwelashwa kwezihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo kusuka ezifweni nasezinambuzane. Ukuhlukunyezwa kuyakwazi ukwandisa ivolumu kanye nekhwalithi yesithelo lapho kuvuna, ukugcina impilo yomuthi isikhathi eside. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa kulo mzuzu emva kwebusika futhi uqhuba kahle yonke imisebenzi yasentwasahlobo yokunakekela i-apula.
Ukucubungulwa kwemifula yama-apula ngokumelene nezilokazane nezifo
Njengazo zonke izitshalo nezitshalo zeberry ama-apple afuna ukunakwa, ngoba unezitha eziningi. Ukucubungula kwezihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo kuhlakeni lwezinambuzane kanye nokulawulwa kwezifo yisigaba esijwayelekile sokunakekelwa komuthi. Ngemuva kweqhwa, ama-parasites aphakama ngaphansi kwamagxolo, izibungu zabo, izinhlamvu ze-fungi nama-microorganisms we-pathogenic asetshenziswe, okumele kubhujiswe. Izinambuzane nezifo ezivamile zezihlahla zama-apula:
- Umkhuhlane we-powdery ubeka umbala obala emagqabeni namahlamvu.
- I-Parsh - i-brownish layering kwizithelo .
- Umdlavuza webhaktheriya - emafletheni amaqabunga, ukubola omnyama.
- Ama-aphid ahlasela amagatsha amancane namacembe.
- Umkhawulo obomvu - uyasiphuza ijusi kusuka emaqabunga.
- I-Copper - idla izinso.
- I-Cvetoed - amaqabunga okudla.
- I-Plodozherka - idla ama-apula.
Ukwelashwa nokupunizwa kwezihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo ezivela ezifweni nezilokazane ezihlanganisa izinhlangothi ezine:
- Ekuphendukeni kokuqala, izinkuni ziboshwe ngezimhlophe, lapho iqhwa lihla. Ngakho ungaqeda ama-spores nezimpungushe eziye zanyuka emanzini.
- Khona-ke ama-greenery nenhlabathi bayanisela emthini wesihlahla:
- Ngaphambi kokushaya izinso ekuqaleni noma phakathi kukaMashi ekushiseni okungaba ngu-4 ° C.
- Ngesikhathi sokubukeka kwefihlekile ngaphambi kokuvula kwawo - kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaMashi kuya phakathi kuka-Ephreli.
- Ngemuva kokuqhakaza amasonto angu-2-3 - ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Indlela yokupopula ama-apula entwasahlobo evela ezinambuzane?
Ukuze uthole ukuphulukiswa, izinhlanganisela eziningi zeluleka ukuba zisebenzise, zibalulekile ukushintsha ukuze kufezeke umphumela omkhulu kusukela ekusebenzeni. Imithi etholakalayo ngokumelene nezinambuzane ze-apula:
- Biocompounds (Trichodermine, Plenris, Bitoksibatsillin, Aktofit, Lepidotsid). Bakwazi ukusebenzisa amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, ama-microorganisms ukulwa nezinkinga. I-biopreparations iphumelela emazingeni aphansi hhayi ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C, ngakho-ke ayifanele ukuphathwa kokuqala.
- I-powders yamakhemikhali (i- carbamide , ithusi noma i-vitriol yensimbi) izokuphulukisa ngokuphelele isiko, kodwa kubalulekile ukulandela zonke izincomo zokulinda.
- Izindlela zendabuko (i-infusions yegalikhi, i-soda, i-pepper) iyancipha kakhulu, kuyanconywa ukuthi isebenze nenani elincane lezinambuzane noma esigabeni sokuqala sokugula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-apula entwasahlobo nge-vitriol enesitshalo
I-powder eningi ehlukene yensimbi ye-vitriol ayisizi nje kuphela ukuqeda ama-parasites, pathologies, ama-lichens, avimbela ukubukeka kwe-chlorosis, kodwa futhi igcwalisa isitshalo ngensimbi. Lokhu kuyisisekelo esiyisisekelo sokukhula nesithelo sokuphana. Ukwelashwa kwezihlahla ze-apula ezinamabhodlela ezinambuzane nezifo kuhlelwe entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvula amehlo. Ukunisela kuyadingeka ukuxuba isisombululo - 500 g we-sulfate ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ngomphumela omkhulu kunawo wonke ukufiphala kanye nesitshalo ngokwawo, nomhlabathi owuzungezayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-apula entwasahlobo nge-sulfate yethusi
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi i-sulfate yethusi iyasiza ekubhekaneni ne-curly, phyllostic, isikhumba, umdlavuza we-bacterial, moniliosis, i-anthracnose. Ukucubungulwa kwemifula yama-apula nge-copper vitriol ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo kwenziwa ngenhlanganisela ewusizo - 100 g yesakhi ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukuvimbela izifo ze-fungal nezinye izifo, ukuchelela kuhlelwe ngaphambi kokuba i-buds ivuliwe entwasahlobo. Ukuze uchithe imishanguzo enhlabathini ngokuzungezile izithelo zezitshalo, udinga ukuhlunga u-5 g wezinto eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi bese upha amanzi isikhala esikhulu. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezihlahla, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukugeleza okulungele ukulungiswa.
Ukwelashwa kwezihlahla ze-apula entwasahlobo ne-Bordeaux liquid
Engadini, "ukupuniza okwesibhakabhaka" we- mixe yaseBordeaux kuvamise kwenziwa, okuyi-fungicide endala eqinisekisiwe. Siza abantu bendawo ukuba balwe nezifo eziningi zefungal. Ukuze ulungise isixazululo se-3%, thatha 300 g we-sulfate yethusi kanye no-300 g we-quicklime. Ezingxenyeni eziseceleni zepulasitiki, ilitha elingu-1 lamanzi afudumele ne-vitriol kanye nama-9 amalitha amanzi kanye ne-lime. Lapho amakristalu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehlakazeka, amakholomu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka athuliswa ubisi obunamafutha aluhlaza. Ingxube ka-3% yaseBordeaux igcoba iziqu namagatsha ngaphambi kokuvula izinso emthini we-apula.
Ukuphulukiswa kabusha nge-1% ye-Bordeaux ingxube eyenziwa ngokufaka amahlumela emithini engadini nasesikhathini sokukhula. Ukulungiselela ukulungiselela kuthatha i-100 g ye-vitriol ne-100 g ye-lime, ihlanjululwe ngokufanayo nesisombululo se-3%. Ukufafaza kwama-apula enhlanganisela yaseBordeaux kwenziwa ngokuchelela amahlamvu emthini. Izinyathelo ezinjalo zibalulekile ekuvimbeleni izifo ze-fungal (isikhumba, coccomicosis, moniliosis), ama-leaf patches.
Ukwelashwa kwe-apula entwasahlobo nge-urea
I-Carbamide (urea) isiza ngokuphumelelayo ukubhekana nezinambuzane (i-aphid, i-coffin, i-leafworm), izifo ze-fungal (i-moniliosis, isikhumba, i-coccomicosis) kanye nokugcwala inhlabathi nokutshala nge-nitrogen. Ukuze ukhethe imithi yama-apula entwasahlobo, udinga ukulungisa isisombululo sika-700 g we-urea ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi. Kunconywa ngesigaba sokuqala sokuthola. Ukwandisa umphumela wenhlanganisela kungenziwa wanezela kuwo 50 g we-sulfate yethusi. Ukucubungula ama-apple ureas blooms amasiko ama-brake, ngaleyo ndlela uyabalondoloza kusuka emaqanda asekupheleni. I-nuance kuphela - ingxube ayikwazi ukugcinwa, kufanele isetshenziswe ngokushesha.