Ukutshala okulandelayo kwegalikhi entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile kuyisenzakalo esibaluleke kunawo wonke kuwo wonke umlimi wemifino. Lesi sitshalo esikhulu sinokubaluleka okukhulu ekuphekeni, imithi yabantu, isetshenziselwa izitsha eziningi kanye nokulungiselela amakhaya. Ngendlela efanele, isivuno salesi siko sikwazi ukuletha umnikazi wesayithi imali engenayo njalo.
Ukutshala igalikhi entwasahlobo
Emnothweni, i-garlic yasebusika ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukucubungula, ukuthengisa emakethe nokulondolozwa, kubonakala ngamazinyo amakhulu nokuvunwa okungcono. Uma kukhona umbuzo mayelana nokugcina isikhathi eside, izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo zinenzuzo. Amabala asebusika avame ukugcinwa kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaJanuwari, emva kwalokho izinga labo lihlehliswa, futhi izinhloko zentwasahlobo azihloli kuze kube phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Uma kukhona ukutshala kwentwasahlobo entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile, kungcono ukuthenga izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- I-Gulliver;
- Abrek;
- I-Sochi 56;
- Alei;
- Yelenovsky;
- I-Victorio;
- Permyak.
Umehluko phakathi kukagalikhi wehlobo nobusika :
- Ngokuvamile i-garlic ayifaki imicibisholo.
- Ama-alamu asempumalanga awaqabuki emhlabathini ovulekile, aqala ukutshala entwasahlobo.
- Ngombani we-garlic yasentwasahlobo, kungenziwa ama-lobol angu-30, i-garlic yasebusika ayinawo ama-lobules angaphezu kuka-10.
- Amazinyo ale gajiki enkabeni yekhanda amancane futhi ahlelwe ngokomoya.
- Ama-bulb ezinhlobo zasebusika lapho etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile akhule.
- Ukutshala ugarlic entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngamazinyo okuvunwa konyaka odlule, ukukhiqizwa kwegalikhi yasebusika kungenziwa kukhiqizwa ama-air bulbs.
Ukutshala ugarlic entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile - isikhathi
Lesi siko sinesikhathi esincane sokutshala izimila, ngakho-ke emhlabathini ovulekile, isikhathi sokutshala ugarliki entwasahlobo kwenzeka emazweni aseningizimu ngasekupheleni kukaMashi lapho umhlaba ushuthukile ekushiseni kwama-5-6 ° C. Esifundazweni saseMoscow nakwezinye izindawo ezisenyakatho ezinomoya opholile, isikhathi sokusebenza sishintsha kuye ngokuthi izimo zezulu ziyiminyaka eyishumi ka-Ephreli noma ngisho nezinsuku zokuqala zikaMeyi. Zama ukungalibali isikhathi sokufika. Ukuncishiswa kwezikhathi zokugcina kungabangela ukwehla kwezivuno eminyakeni eyomile ngo-50% noma ngaphezulu.
Ukulungisa igalikhi yokutshala entwasahlobo
Izitshalo ezinobuthi emhlabathini ovulekile zihlushwa izifo eziningi, ngakho-ke kudingeka ufunde ngokucophelela umsebenzi wokulungisa igalikhi ngokutshala entwasahlobo. Okokuqala, sidonsa amakhanda amazinyo, ukhethe izinkinobho ezinempilo nezikhulu kunazo zonke, ezitholakala kaningi kakhulu eduze komkhawulo. Okulandelayo, phatha izinto ezivela kulesi sixazululo se-fungicide evivinywa futhi ekhona.
Kunokuba usebenze ugarlic ngaphambi kokutshala:
- Gwema imizuzu engu-30-60 yezinyo kulesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
- Ukufaka isisombululo se-1% se-copper sulfate (imizuzu engu-30).
- Sebenzisa imithi yokulwa ne-antibacterial "Maxim" noma izilinganiso zayo.
- Sebenzisa entwasahlobo nje ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni evulekile isisombululo esinamandla saline ngesilinganiso sezipuni ezintathu zikasawoti ngamalitha angu-5 ebhakede lamanzi. Isikhathi sokugxila sinemizuzu emithathu.
- Gcwalisa isigamu sehora ku-Fitosporin-M, ihlanjululwe ngokwemiyalo.
- Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokutshala igalikhi entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile, ukumnika okwenziwe ngamapulangwe (isipuni salesi microfertilizer yemvelo ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi), isikhathi sokwelapha singamahora angu-1.
Ama-precursors of garlic lapho behlwanyela
Ukusebenza evulekile entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukulandela ukujikeleza kwezitshalo ukunciphisa ingozi yokusabalala kwefungal nokuthuthukisa ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi. Amathiphu okutshala igalikhi ngabalimi abanolwazi abanolwazi batusa ukugwema abandulele ngendlela yamazambane, utamatisi no-anyanisi. Umbhede ofanelekile, lapho kudala khona i-alfalfa ikhula ne-clover, ama-strawberry, isaladi eluhlaza. Ukukhetha omakhelwane ngegalikhi, ngokuqukethe ama-phytoncides emvelo, okusiza ekuvimbeleni izinambuzane ngokuphumelelayo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuba nemibhede ngama-bulb phakathi kokutshala kwe-strawberries kanye ne-izaqathe.
Izindlela zokutshala igalikhi entwasahlobo
Imithetho evunyelwe ngokuvamile yokutshala igalikhi entwasahlobo ihlale iphakanyiswa ukusetha ububanzi bomugqa phakathi kwe-20-30 cm. Yenza izimbobo ezincane, gcina ibanga phakathi kwe-lobes eliseduze emigqeni kuze kufike ku-6-8 cm. Izintambo zisakaze phansi phansi ngaphandle kokucindezela ngamandla emhlabathini. Ukwenza lokhu kusetshenziswe, abasebenzisi abanolwazi abasebenzisa entwasahlobo, ezindaweni ezinkulu emhlabathini ovulekile, izimpawu ze-sevalki noma ezenziwe ngokwenza ngesandla.
Ukujula kokutshala igalikhi entwasahlobo
Ngokuhlwanyelwa kwentwasahlobo kanye nobusika, imithetho ehlukene yokutshala lesi sitshalo isetshenziswa. Ukujula kokutshala i-spring garlic entwasahlobo kufana no-5-7 cm. Uma uqhathanisa, uma utshalwa ubusika, amazinyo kufanele angcwatshwe emhlabathini ovulekile ukuya ku-8-12 cm, kuye ngokubunjwa kwenhlabathi endaweni. Ukufika okuncane kakhulu akuyona into engathandeki, izimpande ezikhulayo zivame ukuxosha amazinyo ngaphandle, lapho zifela khona ekushiseni. Ukungena okunamandla kubangela ukunciphisa ukuhluma kwegalikhi.
Umanyolo wegalikhi uma utshala
I-garlic, kuyinto efiselekayo yokusebenzisa inhlabathi evundile kunazo zonke, kodwa emhlabathini ovulekile akuvunyelwe ukwengeza umthombo omusha emithonjeni. Ngenxa yesikhathi esithile sokuqala komsebenzi, kungcono ukulungisa isakhiwo sebusika, ukwengeza izakhi emhlabathini, njenge-humus (kufika ku-5 kg / m 2 ) ne-superphosphate (15 g / m 2 ). Izitshalo lapho utshala ugarlic entwasahlobo zivunyelwe ukusebenzisa lokhu okulandelayo:
- I-fertilizing yokuqala - emva kwezinsuku ezingu-15 emva kokuvela, sethula i-carbamide ngesimo se-aqueous solution (1 isipuni / amalitha ayishumi amanzi).
- Ukudla okwesibili - emva kwezinsuku ezingu-12-15 kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-nitroammophoska (2 amalitha / amalitha ayi-10).
- Ukugqoka kokugcina phezulu ensimini - kule minyaka eyishumi eyedlule kaJuni, ungasebenzisa i-superphosphate ngendlela yokungena kwamanzi (2 wezipuni / amalitha ayi-10) ngesilinganiso sesicelo kuze kube semibhedeni engu-4 l / m 2 .