I-pepper yesiBulgaria, amahlumela, ekhulayo futhi ewunakekelayo anezici eziningi, ukungazi okuzoholela ekugxileni kwesitshalo nokunciphisa isivuno. Izithombo ezithuthukisiwe, ezinamandla zingatholakala kuphela ngokunisela okunengqondo kanye nokushisa okulinganiselayo kwansuku zonke, okubalulekile ukugcina zonke izidingo ze-agrotechnical.
Ukutshala pepper ezitshalweni
Ukulima kwezithombo ze-pepper kuqala ngokulungiswa kwenhlabathi efanelekile, ukuhlanganiswa okulinganiselayo kuhlanganisa:
- i-sod noma umhlaba weqabunga (50%);
- i-humus noma i-peat (25%);
- isanti (25%);
- engeza u-10 g womlotha ngekg yehlabathi.
Ngemuva kokuxuba, inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ingasetshenziswa i-disinfected (ngokuqandisa, ukuqhuma noma ukubala). Khona-ke i-fungicide kufanele isetshenziselwe ukwakha i-microflora edingekayo futhi ibhubhise i-pathogen ye-fungal. Embizeni ehlanjululwe kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate, uthele inhlanganisela yenhlabathi bese ubeka imbewu ngezinhlanzi. Okuphezulu ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi ka-1 kuya ku-1.5 cm, ukuyihlanganisa, uthele. Phezulu kwesitsha, beka i-polyethylene noma ipuleti yesilazi, udale umphumela we-plate encane.
Imbewu yezithombo isilungele kanje:
- bahlole ngokucophelela, balahle labo abonakalisiwe noma ababuthakathaka;
- ukuze unciphise imbewu, sebenzisa isixazululo sokufungicide noma ama-manganese (umbala okhanyayo obomvana), inqubo ithatha imizuzu engu-25-30;
- Hlanza, usakaze ngendwangu ehlanzekile, ufaka phezulu nge gauze, indawo efudumele;
- emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14, imbewu ihlwanyiswa ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokulimaza i-rootlets ebuthakathaka, idlulisele emithonjeni yokutshala okulungiselelwe.
Lapho ukutshala pepper on izithombo?
Ukutshala kwepelepele kuhlwanyelwa ngesikhathi, ngokuqondile ngezinhlobo ezikhethiwe, ukwazi izici zabo eziyinhloko, imbewu yokutshala ikhiqize:
- izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala - izinsuku ezingama-65 ngaphambi kokutshala engadini;
- izinhlobo ezivuthiwe - izinsuku ezingu-70;
- izinhlobo zokuvuthwa kwesikhathi sezinsuku - izinsuku ezingama-75 ngaphambi kokudlula.
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sezitshalo ezikhulayo, abalimi abaningi babhekwa phakathi nangoFebruwari, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi usuku olukhanyayo kulenyanga luyinto encane, kuzomele luqokomise izithombo ngosizo lwezibani . Iziqukathi ezigcwele imbewu zinengqondo ukuthola indawo kumafasitela aseningizimu, ukuze imisebe yokuqala yelanga ihlume amahlumela, lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi ukukhula kwabo kuphuthumise. Ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, ungalindela ukubukeka kwamaqabunga okuqala, okungukuthi, ekuqaleni kokudluliswa kwezitshalo ukuvula izindawo, zizokhula zikhule zikhule.
Pepper isiBulgaria - ukunakekelwa izithombo
Imifino ye-pepper yemifino, izithombo ezikhulayo kanye nokuzinakekela kudinga ukuqaliswa okuqinile kwemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, imbewu yokutshala akufanele ibe yindima, ishiya 3-4 cm phakathi kwezitshalo zesikhathi esizayo, ukugwema ukukhetha, i-pepper ayiyithandi. Lapho izithombo sezihlume, udinga ukususa indawo yokukhosela bese ubambelela ezinhlobonhlobo ezidingekayo zokunakekela izithombo ze-pepper:
- unikeze ukukhanya okwanele, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni elifudumele (hhayi ngaphansi kwama-24-26 ° C);
- I-Air egumbini le-moisten, izitshalo zifiphaza;
- amanzi amanzi amahlumela emva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, esebenzisa amanzi afudumele, ungavumeli kokubili umswakama ngokweqile nokomile kwenhlabathi;
- inhlabathi kancane ngaphambi kokuchelela;
- uma kunesidingo, khetha ngokucophelela ukhethe ,
- kuze kufike umzuzwana wokufakelwa izithombo, ukondla futhi uqine emoyeni omusha.
Peppers - ukuchelela izithombo
Izithombo zepelepele ekhaya kufanele zilinganiswe ngokulinganisela, ngaphandle kokubutheleka okukhulu komswakama, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande ziyobola futhi izitshalo zizofa. Amanzi okuchelela anconywa afudumele, + 25-30 ° C, kungenjalo izitshalo ziyoba buthakathaka futhi zingase zife. Masinyane manisa izithombo kabili noma kathathu ngezinsuku ezingu-5-7, lapho izithombo zizokhipha izinhlamvu - nsuku zonke. Ukuvimbela izifo ze-fungal emanzini (kabili ngenyanga), ungangezela isixazululo se-biofinguacid (trichoderma, planaris).
Indlela yokudla izithombo ze-pepper?
Ukutshala imbewu nge-pepper, amahlumela, okukhulayo nokuwunakekela, kanye nezinye izici, ngokudla kokubili isikhathi:
- okokuqala - uma amaqabunga 2-3 ekhula noma ukhethwa (uma kwakudingeka);
- Isikhathi sesibili - emva kwamasonto amabili.
Ukwengeza izithombo ze-pepper ziphumelela ngokwengeziwe ngendlela yezixazululo zamanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo izinhlanganisela ezikhethekile ezilungiselelwe ezitolo. Emva kokufaka umquba, faka kakhulu umhlabathi. Njengomanyolo wemifino, ungasebenzisa i-tincture yenambuzane, uyilungiselele ku-isilinganiso: ingxenye eyodwa yenambuzane ezinxenyeni eziyishumi zamanzi, isikhathi sokungcoliswa - izinsuku ezimbili.
Ukutshala izithombo zepelepele
Isithombo se-pepper esitshalisiwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngemuva kokulungiselela ngokucophelela isayithi. Ekwindla, engeza amaminerali nezinto eziphilayo endaweni yokuhlongozwa ohlongozwayo njengokufaka umquba, entwasahlobo - ammonium nitrate. Ukutshala ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuphula i-clod yomhlaba nxazonke ezimpandeni, lokhu kuzokhipha ukulimala kwakhe. Gweba izithombo emigodini, ufeze umhlaba, uthele inhlabathi nxazonke bese uthele. Ukuhamba phakathi kwezitshalo kushiya okungenani ama-25-30 cm, izinhlobo ezahlukene ezitshalwe kude, kungcono umbhede ubude buka-25-30 cm.