Abaningi besakhamuzi seSoviet post bahlanganisa kanjani amaholide omnyaka omusha? Yiqiniso, nge-fir tree kanye nephunga lama-citrus: ama-oranges, ama-tangerines nama-lemons. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi zonke lezi zitshalo ze-citrus ziyakwazi ukukhulela ekhaya. Ezinhlobo zezitshalo ze-citrus zasendlini nokuzinakekela, ake sikhulume esihlokweni sethu.
Ukukhula kwama-citrus ekhaya
Ukuhlakulela umuthi we-citrus ekhaya kuyathakazelisa, nakuba kungelula. Abangalungile yilabo abacabanga ukuthi kwanele ukutshala ibhodlela ebhodweni esithelweni oyithandayo nento yonke, awukwazi ukuthenga ama-lemons itiye noma ngaphezulu. Ngaphandle kokwazi amasu akhethekile okuvuna kokuqala, kuzothatha cishe iminyaka engama-20, kungabi ngaphansi. Esikhathini esidlule kuzokujabulela izithelo zemithi ehlukahlukene ekhethiwe mayelana nezimo zendawo. Kodwa lapha kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphutha. Yizo kuphela izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-citrus zasendlini ezixhunyiwe kwizithombo zelamula , kumquat , grapefruit noma i-orange, noma ezikhulile ezivela ezicutheni ezicutshulwa izithelo ze-citrus zasendlini, zifanele ukukhula emafasiteleni efasitela.
Ukunakekela izitshalo ze-citrus zasendlini
Ukuthi isivakashi eseningizimu efelini lakho lewindwangu lazizwa likhaya, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho elandelayo yokushiya:
1. Ukukhanya - ama-citrus amahle kakhulu ngosuku lokukhanya olunezinsuku ezingu-12. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo kufanele zifakwe emthunzini, futhi ebusika - kukhanyiswe ngaphezu kwalokho.
2. Ukushisa - izinga lokushisa elifanele kunazo zonke eliphakathi kwe-citrus 17-22 °. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, lesi sitshalo siqala ukuzwa kabi, siphenduka futhi siphume amaqabunga. Ebusika, izithelo ze-citrus zigcinwa kahle ekushiseni kwe-10-14 ° C, okuzobasiza ukuba bangene esimweni sokuphumula, kungekho ukukhanya okungeziwe okudingekayo.
3. Ukunisela - amanzi ase-citrus kufanele abe njengengqimba ephakeme yomhlaba eyomile ebhodweni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi sitshalo asikomile (lokhu kungaboniswa ngamagqabi namahlumela) futhi akuthulwanga. Amanzi okuchelela kufanele abe ekushiseni okugumbini, ngaso sonke isikhathi amiswe ngokufaka amaconsi ambalwa eviniga.
4. Umhlaba - ngenxa yenduduzo nokuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwezitshalo zase-citrus zasendlini, inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-asidi engekho hlangothi nokubunjwa okukhanya. Ukwakhiwa okuhle kwenhlabathi kanje:
- umfula wesanti - ingxenye engu-1;
- i-humus - ingxenye engu-1;
- I-turf emhlabathini - izingxenye ezimbili;
- umhlaba oyinqaba - ingxenye engu-1.
5. Ukugqoka okuphezulu - izithelo ze-citrus kufanele zondliwe nakanjani. Zibaluleke kakhulu:
- i-nitrogen yokukhula okusheshayo;
- i-phosphorus ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwezithelo;
- Potassium ngokumelene nezifo.
6. Ukutshala izihlahla zase-citrus ekhaya - ukucacisa ukuthi isitshalo sakho sidinga ukufakelwa noma udinga ukulinda, ungakwazi ukuthi izimpande zakhula kangakanani. Ukutshala izithelo ze-citrus kumele kube kuphela uma izimpande ziboshwa zonke zobumba ebhodweni ngokuphelele. Ibhodlela elisha kufanele libe likhulu kunebhodlela langaphambilini lika-2-3 cm ububanzi. Ukutshala izithelo zase-citrus zasendlini ngokuvamile ngoFebhuwari-Mashi, ngokuguqulwa.
7. Izifo ze- Citrus ekhaya:
- I-anthracnose - ivela ekunqotjweni kwe-fungus ye-pathogenic, ebangela
amaqabunga afayo, amahlumela nezithelo; - I-wartiness - ukwakheka kokukhula emahlumela nezithelo;
- i-gummosis - ukwakha izindawo ezibomvu ezibomvu emagatsheni nasemthini;
- i-tristease - efa ngamagxolo;
- Umsuka wokubola - ukubola kwezimpande, okwenzeka ngenxa yokuchichima.
Izitshalo zase-citrus zasendlini ziyakwazi ukuthola izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane, amabhaktheriya kanye nesibungulu. Ukuvikela isilwane sakho esiluhlaza engozini kubalulekile ukubheka kahle, ukususa izingxenye ezigulayo zesitshalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukufafaza izicucu ngamalahle asetshenzisiwe.