Ukuqina kwesayensi yefilosofi - umbono omusha ngobukhona bethu

Ngezinye izikhathi empilweni kukhona ukungabaza ngalokho okwenzekayo, futhi kufanelekile ukuvala amehlo akho njengoba yonke into idlulayo. Ngezinkumbulo zesikhathi esidlule, umcabango ukhanya ngokuzumayo, nokuthi ngabe izenzakalo ezithile zenzekile empeleni, noma ngumdlalo wokucabanga. Yonke le mibono ayiyona entsha. Baye baba khona isikhathi eside futhi babonakalisa isisekelo solipsism.

Solipsism - kuyini?

Emuva ku-IV. BC Isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki kanye nomqondisi wezobuchwepheshe uGeorge waseLeontini, ekhuluma ngesigaba esithi "engekho," yakha futhi yaqinisa izikhundla eziningana:

1. UJehova akekho.
2. Uma kukhona khona, akunakwenzeka.
3. Uma kukhona kungenzeka, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza.

Ngakho-ke, ngokokuqala ngqa, kwavela umqondo, wamemezela ukuqonda komuntu njengento eyiyo kuphela ekhona. Kamuva, kwakhiwa futhi kunengqondo embonweni wokusila. Ngokwesayense, ukuqina kwe-solipsism imfundiso ephika ukwethembeka kwezwe elisizungezile. Ingqondo yomuntu kuphela yinto engokoqobo efinyeleleka kumuntu ngethonya nokungenelela.

Solipsism in ifilosofi

Njengesiqondiso sefilosofi, ukuqina kwesibindi kwaqhamuka eNkathini Ephakathi. I-solipsism ehlanzekile "ye-filosofi" isenzo esiyinkimbinkimbi, futhi emlandweni ukukhetha okunjalo ukubuka okunjalo akuvamile. Ummeli odume kakhulu walesi siqondiso (hhayi ukuxilongwa ngezifo zengqondo) nguClaude Brunet (udokotela ochwepheshe kanye nefilosofi ngokuzibiza), owayekholelwa ukuthi emhlabeni wonke u-ON kuphela-isihloko esifanele sokucabanga. Konke okuzungezile kudalwe amandla okuqaphela kwakhe futhi kuphelile ukuba khona kusukela ngesikhathi asikhohlwa ngaso.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-solipsism nokungabaza

Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokungabaza akungabaza ngeqiniso lonke ulwazi mayelana nezwe elisizungezile. Ukweqa nokuxeka kuqhathaniswa nemibono eyisisekelo:

1. Ababhikishi bangabaza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukwazi izinto ezizungezile, izinsizwa ze-solipsists ziqinisekile ukuthi izinto azikho iqiniso.
2. Ababhikishi abaqinisekisiwe ngeqiniso lolwazi ngezwe langaphandle, izinsizwa ze-solipsists zithi ulwazi lungabhekana nokuqonda komuntu siqu nokuzwa komuntu siqu.
3. Ngenxa yokungaboni kahle kwezinkolelo ezinokwethenjelwa kanye nokunciphisa okujwayelekile, abaxolisayo banikezwa ukuba bazibophezele ekuchazeni kwamaqiniso ngabanye. I-solipsists ikholelwa ukuthi noma yiyiphi into yimizwa yabo nokukholelwa kwayo ekukhona kwayo, ngakho-ke akunakuqondakala, futhi ayidingi ubufakazi.

Izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-solipsism

Ukuba phakathi kwezinsika ezimbili zefilosofi (i-idealism nokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo), ukushintsha kwe-solipsism kusuka ekugejuleni okusheshayo kwemibono eqinile kuya ekugezeni okuzolile kuya ezingqinisweni ezizwakalayo.

1. Solipsism ye- Metaphysical iphika into engokoqobo yento yonke, ngaphandle kweyakho.
2. I- solipsism ye- Epistemological ivumela amathuba okuba khona kwendawo yonke nokuqonda kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukwazi ukuthi izwe langaphandle liyiqiniso kuphela, futhi lokhu kwenza ukuthi ngokwesayensi kungabi khona.
3. I- solipsism yezemvelo iqinisekisa ukuthi iqiniso kufanele lisekelwe emaqenjini angenakuphikwa, ngoba ngisho nokuba khona kwezinzwa kungase kuqaliswe ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.
4. Solipsism yokuziphatha ngokweqile ngokufana nobugovu kanye ne-egocentrism. Inkolelo yemvelo yemvelo yabanye yenza umuntu okwazi ukwenza izenzo ezingavamile, kususa izithiyo ezingokwengqondo ekugcwalisekeni kwazo futhi asuse umqondo wemfanelo.

Solipsism - izincwadi

Ezweni lanamuhla, inkolelo yokuqina kwezemvelo njengemfundiso yesayensi ibonakala ingenangqondo, kodwa inikeza imibono eminingi enomqondo ongokoqobo. R. Bradbury, S. Lem, M. Bulgakov nabanye abalobi abawaziwayo benza izindaba ezingamanga nezindabuko ezithatha umfundi ngaphandle kweqiniso. UVictor Pelevin, umdwebi wezinsuku zanamuhla, wamemezela izindlela zokubhala ngokucophelela futhi wayesebenzisa ukudala imisebenzi yakhe:

1. "Iphupho lesishiyagalolunye likaVera Pavlovna . " Umhlanzi wendlu yangasese uqiniseka ukuthi uzobangela uPerestroyka e-USSR.
2. "Chapaev and Emptiness . " I-protagonist isuka kokungokoqobo komunye kuya kwesinye, ezama ukukhomba okungokoqobo.
3. "Generation P" . Isiqu se-Institute senza iqiniso lokukhangisa.