Esikhathini esidlule, abantu abampofu babhekene nokuhlukumezeka kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, kepha manje izinkinga ezinjalo zikhona kubantu abasha nezingane. Lokhu kuthinteka yizici eziningi ezimbi, kuhlanganise ne-ecology kanye nokudla. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kungani ukuhlaselwa kwamehlo kuqalile - izizathu ngezinye izikhathi zilele ezifweni ezinzulu zezifo zangaphakathi, ukutheleleka kwegciwane noma ukwelashwa kwamagciwane.
Ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40
I-acuity ebonakalayo ngezindlela eziningi ixhomeke esimweni se-retina equkethe imibala ekhanyayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zibhujiswa, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala emzimbeni, okuthinta ikhwalithi nokucaca kwesithombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emva kweminyaka engu-40-45 i-presbyopia (ukubhekwa phambili) kwenzeka.
Ezinye izizathu zokuncipha okuhlobene nobudala ekubukeleni okubukwayo yizifo zezifo ezingapheli zesimiso sokugaya umzimba, isisu senhliziyo nesisisisulu. Kwabesifazane emva kweminyaka engama-45, ukuphazanyiswa kwe-hormonal ekumeni kokuya esikhathini kuyadingeka, okwenza kube nokukhubazeka kwemisebenzi yamehlo, ikakhulukazi uma kuguqulwa ukuguquguquka kwe-prolactin.
Izimbangela zokukhubazeka okukhulu okubukwayo
Phakathi kwezici ezivame kakhulu:
- I-neuropathy yokukhanya;
- ukucindezeleka komfutho wegazi;
- i-neuritis ene-multiple sclerosis;
- i-arteritis yesikhashana ;
- Ukuhlaselwa kwe-amblyopia nge-edema ye-nertic optic;
- ama-fractures esisekelo se-skull;
- ukuwohloka okukhulu kwegazi emaphethelweni we-capillaries kanye nezitsha zamehlo.
Futhi, izimbangela zokukhubazeka okwesikhashana kombono zingase zibe yizimo ze-psychogenic nama-retinal migraines. Ngokuvamile, izimo ezinjalo zivela ngemva kokucindezeleka kwengqondo, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka noma ukwesaba. Endabeni ye-migraine, ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kwesikhashana kwombono kulandelwa ukubuyiswa kwayo.
Indima ebalulekile idlalwe ngezizathu ezinjengalezi:
- Ukomile okungapheli kwamangqamuzana omuncu;
- ukungabi nokuhamba okwanele kwemisipha ("iso elivilaphayo");
- ukuphefumula;
- i-cataract;
- i-keratitis;
- i-glaucoma ;
- i-myopia;
- i-hypermetropia;
- umphimbo;
- ukulimala kweso.
Ukuwohloka kombono emva kokulungiswa kwe-laser
Ngeshwa, ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-ophthalmology kungakafiki ezingeni lapho kungaqinisekisa khona umphumela ophumelelayo wenqubo. Iziguli eziningi ziphawula ukuthi emva kokulungiswa kombono we-LASIK usaqhubeka nokuwohloka noma ukubuyela ezinkomba zokulungiselela kuqala.
Noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa kwama-laser kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwelapha i-myopia, ivumela ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwayo.