I-Ampicillin iyi-antibiotic ye-semisynthetic ye-bactericidal action antibacterial ye-penicillin eminingi. Isenzo somuthi osebenzayo wedijithali sibhekiswe ekubhujisweni kwekhanda lamaseli ezincane ezincane, kanye nokususwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic, okungukuthi, ukuhlanganisa phakathi kwamagobolondo amangqamuzana e-bacterial, okubavimbela ukuba banda futhi babhubhise amaseli ngokwabo. Umphumela we-Ampicillin uyingozi kuma-Gram-positive, ama-bacteria a-Gram-negative, futhi ngenxa yokutheleleka emathunjini.
Isidakamizwa si-acid-fast. Lo mhlaba awuvumeli ijusi esiswini sokuthinta kakhulu izidakamizwa uma kulayishwa, ukumunca ku-40% kuphela. Ukuqoqwa akukwenzeki, isidakamizwa senziwa ngokweqile ngaphandle kwe-biotransformation. I-Ampicillin iyasiza ezimweni lapho amanye ama-antibiotic akakwazi ukubhekana nokutheleleka.
Izinkomba zokusebenzisa i-Ampicillin
Njengoba i-Ampicillin inesenzo esiningi, isonakalisa izinhlobo eziningi zebhaktheriya, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo eziningi ezihlukahlukene zomzimba.
1. Izifo zesimiso sokuphefumula kanye nezitho ze-ENT Ampicillin inqunyelwe ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinjalo:
- i-pharyngitis;
- i-tonsillitis;
- i-sinusitis;
- i-angina;
- umkhuhlane omnyama;
- i-laryngitis;
- i-bronchitis;
- i-abscess yamaphaphu;
- i-pneumonia;
- i-bronchopneumonia;
- pleurisy;
- i-otitis media.
2. Ngezifo ze-genitourinary system kanye nokutheleleka kwezinso, le mithi elwa namagciwane iyasiza ngezifo ezilandelayo ezibangelwa i-enterococcus, i-proteus, i-E. coli noma ukutheleleka okuxutshwe:
- i-pielit;
- i-pyelonephritis;
- i-urethritis;
- i-cystitis;
- i-gonorrhea;
- cervicitis.
3. Izifo ze-bile-excreting (i-biliary) uhlelo lwe-Ampicillin luboniswa ukuthi:
- i-cholecystitis;
- i-cholangitis.
4. I-Ampicillin inqunyiwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe lapho kutholakala ukutheleleka kwe-chlamydial, uma kunokungahambisani no-Erythromycin.
5. Izifo ezithathelwanayo zezicubu ezincane nezikhumba, njenge:
- impetigo;
- ubuso;
- i-dermatosis isigaba sesibili sokutheleleka;
- amanxeba ahlanzekile.
6. Ezifweni zesimiso se-musculoskeletal, esibhekene nezifo ezinjalo:
- i-rheumatism;
- i-arthritis;
- i-osteomyelitis ;
- i-listeriosis;
- pasteurellosis.
7. Uma umuthi wamathumbu uthinteka yizifo ezifana nalezi:
- i-salmonellosis;
- i-salmonella;
- isifo somuthi;
- umkhuhlane we-typhoid;
- i-paratyphus;
- i-peritonitis.
Futhi, i-Ampicillin inqunywe ngezifo ezinzulu neziyingozi njenge-meningitis, endocarditis, i-sepsis (septicemia noma ukutheleleka kwegazi), izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-oral cavity.
I-Ampicillin ekwelapheni umthambo we-strep
I-Angina yisifo esibangele ukuvuvukala esibangelwa iqembu le-streptococcal lama-bacteria. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwelapha i-streptococcal angina yindlela yokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic we-penicillin uchungechunge, ikakhulukazi i-Ampicillin ngezinsuku ezingu-10-14.
Kulokhu, ukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kuvinjelwe kuqala, ngoba ukuhlukaniswa nokukhula kwamabhaktheriya kuvinjelwe, bese isifo sifika ngokushesha ngenxa yokubhujiswa unomphela kwezindonga zamaseli, ukungakwazi ukuyibuyisela nokufa kokugcina kwama-bacterium e-pathogenic. Ukuzivocavoca kubonisa ukuthi ukuphumula kuza ngosuku lwesibili lokuthatha imithi, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-5 izimpawu ziyahamba. Lapho ukwelashwa i-streptococcal angina, umthamo we-Ampicillin kubantu abadala usuka ku-0.25 kuya ku-0.5 amagremu. Thatha izidakamizwa izikhathi ezine ngosuku.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia nge-ampicillin
I-pneumonia iyaziwa ukuthi isifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane e-pathogenic. Kubalulekile ukwelapha ukuphefumula ngokugcwele, kodwa izindlela eziyinhloko zokuthi "ukunqoba" phezu kwalesi sifo yizokwelapha. U-Ampicillin uphatha kahle ngalolu msebenzi, yingakho odokotela abaningi bawunquma. Ngcono nakakhulu, uma usebenzisa i-Ampicillin-sulbactam, njengoba inesisindo esingeziwe futhi sichitha izinkinga zalawo ma-bacteria angamelana ne-Ampicillin evamile. Njengomthetho, nge-pneumonia, i-antibiotic inqunywe nge-intravenously ukuze kungena okusheshayo ngaphakathi kwegazi.