Ukudumala kobuchopho nakho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngesifo

Umzimba olawulayo wesistimu oyinhloko yisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi esakhiwa ngezinhlobo eziningana zamangqamuzana ahlukile. Ubuchopho bunomkhawulo we-immunological ne-blood-brain, ngakho-ke ama-tumor kuwo awahambisani nokukhula kuphela emingceleni yawo. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlukaniswa, ukwelashwa kwama-neoplasms kunzima.

Ukudumala kobuchopho - izimbangela

Ososayensi bahlulekile ukukhomba izici ezivusa kakhulu ukuguqulwa kwamaseli nokuhlukaniswa okungalawulwa. Kukhona izicabango kuphela mayelana nezimo eziholela ekubukeni kwezicubu. Ukudumala kobuchopho - izimbangela zesimo esinqunyiwe:

• umlando womndeni;
• ukufeza;
• ukuxhumana okuhlala unomphela nokuhlala isikhathi eside ngamakhemikhali e-carcinogenic;
• ukutholakala kwemisebe kanye nezinye izinhlobo zemisebe yelanga elimazayo;
• uneminyaka engama-45 eminyaka.

Izicubu zobuchopho - ngezigaba

Ukucatshangelwa kwempilo kungabhekana futhi kuyingozi. Ngokuphathelene nokwelashwa nokubikezelwa kokusinda izici ze-histological ze-neoplasm azibalulekile. Isisu esinobuthi siyingozi njengesifo somdlavuza ebuchosheni obunonya, ikakhulukazi uma sikhula futhi sanda ngokushesha ngobukhulu. Uma kutholakala i-oncologist, ukutholakala kwendawo ye-neoplasm, ubukhulu bayo kanye nesakhiwo sakhe sinesithakazelo esengeziwe.

Ngokwesakhiwo, iqembu lezifo elichazwe lihlukaniswe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• izicubu ze-hematopoietic kanye ne-lymphatic tissue;
• i-neuroepithelial;
• i-neoplasm yezinzwa zomgogodla ne-cranial;
• ukulimala kwamagobolondo;
• ama-cyst kanye nezinqubo ezifanayo;
• izicubu zemetastatic (ezivela kwezinye izitho);
• i-neoplasm yesihlalo saseTurkey;
• i-pituitary;
• i-dysembryonogenetic (embryonic);
• ukungenakulinganiswa.

Ngendawo, i-tumor yobuchopho ingaba:

• ngaphakathi, ukuthuthukisa ngokuqondile ku-parenchyma;
• i-extracerebral;
• ngaphakathi;
• okuphakathi.

Indlela yokuhlonza isisu sobuchopho?

Isithombe esivamile sesitholampilo sesifo sifana nobukhulu bayo kanye nokwenza indawo. I-oncologists ihlukanisa izimpawu ezijwayelekile nezigxile zesisu sobuchopho. Iqembu lokuqala lezinto ezenzekayo lwenzeka ngenxa yomsindo okhuphuka ngaphakathi kwe-skull noma ukucindezelwa kwezakhiwo eziyisisekelo zelungu. Ukukhathazeka okugxile kuningi, kubangelwa indawo ye-neoplasm kanye nayo leyo minyango eyebenza ngayo iphula.

Ukudumala kobuchopho - izimpawu ezisezingeni lokuqala

Uma ukuguqulwa nokuguqulwa kwamaseli we-pathological sekuqalile, akukho mtholampilo ophawulekayo. Izimpawu zesisu sobuchopho ezinyathelweni zokuqala zenzakale zingavamile kakhulu noma zibuthakathaka kangangokuthi umuntu akathinti ukubaluleka kubo. Izimpawu zokuqala zokukhula kwe-tumor zingabandakanya:

• ikhanda ;
• ukuhlanza;
• izinguquko ekuzweleni (okuthinta, ukunambitheka noma okufakiwe);
• ukuwohloka kombono;
• ukuphulwa komlomo nokubhala (ngokubhala nangobhala);
• isiyezi;
• ukukhathala nabanye.

Esikhathini sokuqala, isisu sobuchopho sincane futhi asiqinisi izicubu ezizungezile kakhulu. Ngokuphathelene nalokhu, izinto ezibalwe emtholampilo aziqapheli isiguli noma zibonwa njengezibonakaliso zezinye izifo, futhi lowo muntu akacabangi ukuthi izifo ze-pathological in the head. Ku-oncologist, iziguli ziza ikakhulukazi lapho kunezinkinga ezimbi ezinkathini zokugcina zesifo.

Ubuchopho be-Benign - izimpawu

Ayikho umehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-neoplasms. Ubunzima bobuchopho be-Benign buhambisana nemibonakaliso efanayo yemitholampilo njengeyingozi. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyingozi nakakhulu ngenxa yokwenza indawo, engavumeli ukwelashwa okwanele. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-neoplasms:

• izifo ze-hormone, ikakhulukazi uma i-tumor isendaweni ye-pituitary;
• ukucubungula okubonakalayo nokubonwayo;
• izinguquko zengqondo;
• ukukhathazeka kwengqondo;
• ukuguquguquka komfutho wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo;
• ukuqashelwa okungalungile kwezinto, indawo yabo endaweni;
• ukulahlekelwa kokuma;
• ukukhubazeka kwememori, phansi ukukhohlwa ulwazi lomuntu siqu;
• izinguquko zesifo esibucayi ekusebenzisaneni (ukungazinzile, ukungaqiniseki kwemisebenzi) nezinye.

I-neoplasm eyingozi ebuchosheni

Ukuhlolisisa ukubukeka kwe-histological ye-neoplasm kubonakala ngesithombe somtholampilo esifana nesakhiwo sezinsimbi zesine. Izimpawu zomdlavuza womqondo wobuchopho zifana, kodwa zingase zihambisane nezilonda ezivelele zelungu:

• ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu;
• ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-parenchyma;
• isisu;
• ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic, ukushaya ;
• ukwehla kwengqondo nokuthambekela kokudala;
• ukuguquka kokuziphatha.

I-tumor enkulu neyesikhathi eside eqhubekayo ebuhlungu ebuchosheni eqhubekayo ibangele ukuphazanyiswa okukhulu kwesistimu yezinzwa eziphakathi nendawo:

• i-paresis;
• ubumpumputhe;
• ukukhubazeka;
• isithulu;
• i-amnesia;
• ukuthuka nokunye.

I-headache ene-tumor yobuchopho kanjani?

Esikhathini sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kwe-neoplasm, uphawu oluchazwe luzwakala sengathi luyimvimbi engavamile ngezikhathi ezithile. Kamuva, ikhanda elinesifo sobuchopho luba namandla kakhulu, ezinye iziguli zizwa zingenakulinganiswa. Lesi sibonakaliso sithola uhlamvu oluchotshozayo nolunomphela. Ubuhlungu bukhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi buyancipha kakhulu ukusebenza kahle, kubangela ukucasula nokuhlukunyezwa. Kunzima ukuma, ama-analgesics ajwayelekile angenazo zezindiza awazisizi .

Ukuxilongwa kwesisu sobuchopho

Ngenxa yendawo ye-neoplasm ngaphakathi kwe-skull kanye nobunzima bokufinyelela kulesi sigaba somzimba, kunzima ukubona ukuthi kukhona inqubo ye-pathological. Akukona ukuphuza, noma izimpawu zakuqala zesisu sobuchopho akuzona izizathu zokubeka ukuxilongwa okuqondile. Ukuqinisekiswa kokusola kokuba khona kwe-neoplasm kwenziwa ngokulandela uhlelo olujwayelekile olunezinyathelo ezintathu:

1. Ukubonisana. Ngokusekelwe ezimpawu ezikhona, umuntu uphendukela kumtholampilo noma nge-neurologist. Udokotela uqoqa i-anamnesis eningiliziwe futhi unquma ukuxilongwa kokuqala, ukunakekelwa esibhedlela ngesiguli noma ukuthunyelwa kwesinye isazi esikhethekile.
2. Ukuhlolwa. Ekuqokweni kwe-neurologist, ubukhulu nokuqina kwemibonakaliso yemitholampilo kuhlolwa. Njengoba izinsolo ezizwakalayo zesifo sobuchopho, udokotela wenza ukuhlonza okuyisisekelo sokuhlukanisa ukuhlukana - isheke sokuzinza ekuthunjweni kukaRomberg, ubuhlungu nobuzwe obuzwelayo, i-tendon reflexes, kwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-palcenosal.
3. Isiqinisekiso. Izindlela ezithembekile zokucwaninga kobuchopho ezingabona izimo eziphuthumayo zihlanganisa ukucabangela kwamagnetic resonance kanye ne-tomography ebhaliwe ngokuphambene. Ukunquma ikhwalithi ye-hertological ye-pathology, ukuphathwa kwe-diagnostic surgical (biopsy) kungacelwa.

Indlela yokuphatha isisu sobuchopho?

Ukwelashwa kwenkinga esicatshangelwayo kuhilela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihambisana nobuhlungu besifo, isimo sawo kanye nokuqhubekela phambili okuqhubekayo. Ukwelashwa kobuchopho obumama kuhlanganisa okulandelayo:

1. Ukuqeda izimpawu. Izidakamizwa zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa inkinga yokugula, ngcono izinga lomuntu womuntu. Izidakamizwa eziningi zokulwa nezidakamizwa, ezidambisa futhi eziphikisayo, ngaphezu kwalokho - i-glucocorticosteroids, i- narictic painters .
2. Irradiation. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana nama-tissue ashintshiwe azungezile. Ukuqina nobude bokunikezwa kwemisebe ye-ionizing kukhethwe ngokwehlukana kwesobili ngalunye ngokuhambisana nobukhulu, indawo kanye nesakhiwo se-tumor.
3. I-Chemotherapy. Ngokufanayo ne-irradiation, umthamo kanye nokuvama kokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa ezinamandla ngabanye. Ukuphumelela okuphezulu kutholakala ngokusungulwa kokuqala kobuzwe bezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo zemithi.
4. Ukwelashwa kokusebenza. Imiphumela emihle kakhulu yokwelapha iqinisekisa ukususwa kwezicubu. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa amasu okuhlinza ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukungenelela okuncane okungenasidingo.

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa zezicubu zobuchopho

Ukuhlukahluka kokwelapha okulethwe njalo kuhlangene nezinye izindlela - ukwamukela ama-chemical agents kanye nokusebenza. Uma umdlavuza webuchopho unemingcele ecacile, i- irradiation yendawo ishiwo. Uma usakaza amaseli we-neoplastic kuya ezingxenyeni eziseduze zomzimba noma ukuba khona kwe-metastases, inqubo yenqubo ephelele iphakanyiswa. Inkambo yama-radiation iyonke imihlangano engu-10-30 ene-dose ka-50 kuya ku-70 Gy.

I-Chemotherapy ye-tumor ebuchosheni

Ucwaningo lwesimanje luye lwabonisa ukuthi uhlobo oluchazwe lokuchayeka lungcono luhlangene ne-irradiation. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukushintsha izidakamizwa eziningana ukuze kuncishiswe ukubola kwengqondo - ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa:

• ama-alkylating agents;
• imithi yokwenziwa kanye nokwenziwa komzimba;
• antibiotic anti-antibiotics;
• amalungiselelo emvelo;
• i-antimetabolites.

I-tumor yesimo esibuhlungu sobuchopho sincike ekhemotherapy ende. Ubude obujwayelekile bemithi ngamaviki amathathu. Izikhathi phakathi kwemithi - izinsuku ezingu-1-3, kuxhomeke esimweni somuntu, ukubekezela kwezimali ezikhethiwe. Ngokuvamile, i- chemotherapy iyilungiselelo lokuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha isisu sobuchopho

Uhlobo oluthile lokuxhaphazwa lukhethwe yi-neurologist ngesisekelo sedatha ekusimeni kwe-tumor, ubungako bayo nesakhiwo seselula. Ukususwa kwesisu sobuchopho kungenziwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa okuvamile;
• I-radiosurgery (gamma umese);
• i-cryodestruction.

Ukudumala kobuchopho - bangaki abahlala nabo?

Ukubikezela kuxhomeke ekutheni ukutholakala kwe-pathology, isikhathi se-neoplasm, ikhwalithi nobukhulu bayo. Ngendlela yokwelashwa efanele futhi egcwele, yaqala ngisho nasezinyathelweni zakuqala zokuqhuma kwesisu, isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda singama-80%. Uma umuntu usanda kuphendukela kwesazi, futhi i-neoplasm isakazeke, izibikezelo ziyaqhubeka zimbi nakakhulu. Uma i-tumor ye-brain inoperable itholakale, kuphela iziguli ezingu-30-40% zinethuba lokuphila iminyaka emihlanu elandelayo.