I-Metastase yi-neoplasms eyingozi embili eyenzeka lapho amaseli we-tumor ehamba ukusuka ekugxilweni kwangempela. Ama-metastase ebuchosheni abhekwa ngokuphindwe kabili kaningi kunomdlavuza wayo oyinhloko.
Umshini we-metastasis yomdlavuza ebuchosheni
Ukunyakaza kwamangqamuzana ahlambalaza kungenziwa ngezimpahla zegazi kanye ne-lymphatic noma lapho isikhumba sikhula sibe izitho ezingomakhelwane (okuthiwa ukufakelwa kwesitshalo noma izidakamizwa zesifunda). Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusakazwa kwe-metastase ngegazi kuhamba ngemuva kwesikhathi, okungukuthi, isithathu nesine, izigaba zomdlavuza.
Izinhlobo zomdlavuza ongahlinzeka ngamatastas ebuchosheni zihlanganisa:
- umdlavuza wamaphaphu (i-adenocarcinoma, umdlavuza wamangqamuzana amancane);
- umdlavuza webele (okuyingozi kakhulu yi-subspecies yeprotocol);
- i-melanoma;
- umdlavuza wepheshana lomathumbu;
- umdlavuza we-prostate;
- umdlavuza we-ovarian.
Izinhlobo zezifo ohlwini zihlelwe ngokuhlehla kwemvamisa ye-metastasis ebuchosheni. Cishe ngamaphesenti angama-60% we-metastasis ebuchosheni abonakala emdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi cishe amaphesenti angama-25 emdlavuza webele kubesifazane. I-Cancer yama-ovari noma i-prostate metastases kuya ebuchosheni ayinasidingo kakhulu, nakuba amacala anjalo ahleliwe.
Izimpawu ze-metastasis ebuchosheni
Ukubukeka kwe-metastase, njengombuso, kuhambisane:
- isicashunwe (ngokungabikho kwanoma yiziphi izizathu ezingasiphakamisa);
- isiyezi nosizi;
- ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, izinkinga zememori nokubala okuqala;
- ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo;
- umbono wehle, ukubonakala kombono kabili emehlweni;
- ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi kanye nokuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile kweminyango;
- ubuthakathaka emlenzeni;
- ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo kanye nezinguquko kumuntu;
- ukuhlukunyezwa nokuhlushwa kwesisindo;
- ukuwohloka kwempilo jikelele.
Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza womqondo
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuthola kokubili izicubu eziyisisekelo nama-metastase ebuchosheni yi-MRI esebenzisa ama-contrast agents. I-CT yobuchopho, njenge-MRI ngaphandle kokuphambene, ibhekwa njengento engacacile, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuthi sinqume ngokunembile indawo nemingcele yesisu.
Ukulinda kokuphila nge-metastases ebuchosheni
Ngezifo ezingokwemvelo ezisezingeni eliphansi, uma kunenqubo yokunciphisa umzimba, izibikezelo zihlala zinganaki kakhulu. Esimweni se-metastases ebuchosheni, isimo siphuthunyiswa yiqiniso lokuthi lesi sifo senza ukuphazanyiswa okukhulu kuzo zonke izinqubo zokuphila. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwesilonda esibuhlungu kunzima kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka.
Ngokuxilongwa nokuphulukiswa ngesikhathi esifanele, i-metastasis ivumela ukukhulisa impilo yomuntu isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezingu-6-12. Kodwa ngisho nasezinhle kakhulu, isikhathi sokuphila kulesi sigaba somdlavuza asidluli iminyaka emibili.