I-sport biathlon - izinhlobo nemithetho yezinhlanga ku-biathlon

I-biathlon yezemidlalo iphathwa ngesichazamazwi sezemidlalo njengomdlalo ophindwe kabili. Okuthandwa kakhulu kwakuyigama elithi "biathlon" - ukuhlanganiswa kwezesikhumba nokudubula kusuka ebhamu. Ngaphambili, iFinland, iNorway neSweden yayiholele kulolu hlu, futhi kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule iJalimane ne-Austria baqala ukubonisa umsebenzi.

Biathlon - kuyini?

I-Biathlon, njengemidlalo, isizibikezele kusukela ngo-1993, lapho kuqhutshwa ukuncintisana kweNdebe yoMhlaba kanye nokuqhudelana komhlaba. Ehunyushwe kusuka olimini lwesiLatini, leli gama lisho "ukulwa kabili": ekusebenzeni kwi-skis nangokudubula. Abacwaningi banamuhla baphumelela izinguqulo ezimbili mayelana nokuvela kwe-biathlon:

1. Lo mdlalo uguquke ekuzingeleni kwezulu emazweni aseNordic, lapho kuthatha amahora ukuhamba ngokushesha eqhweni bese ubambe ngokushesha umdlalo. Kuqinisekiswa futhi ngemifanekiso yaseNorway etsheni, okuyinto engaphezu kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezingu-5.
2. Isiqalo se-Biathlon sanikezwa emincintiswaneni yabasebenzi emngceleni waseSweden neNorway, owaba ngo-1767. Ababambe iqhaza kwakudingeka bahlaselwe ilitshe ekude kuze kufike ezinyathelweni ezingamashumi amahlanu ngesikhathi sehla.
3. Umqondo wokuncintisana ngaso leso sikhathi emncintiswaneni we-skiing nokudubula wanikezwa yimincintiswano yokuphenya kwamadoda amasosha, futhi kuvele umdlalo webusika we-biathlon.

Izinhlobo ze-Biathlon

Eminyakeni engaba ngu-100, ngenkathi lo mdlalo uthuthukile, kwavela ezinye izinhlobo ze-biathlon. Ngaphandle kwenguqulo ye-classic ne-skis kanye ne-pneumatics, abagijimi baphumelela ngokuphumelelayo ngezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinhlanga ezikhona ku-biathlon?

1. I-Arche-biathlon . Ukushushuluza kwezwe elingenqamuzana kuhlangene nokudubula ngomnsalo.
2. Biathlon on snowshoes . Ababambiqhaza bahamba ngezinyawo, ukudubula kuqhutshwa ngezibhamu.
3. Ukuzingela i-biathlon . Lapha udinga amakhono ukuhamba ngezingodo zokuzingela nokuphatha isibhamu sokuzingela.
4. Summer biathlon . Ama-roller skis asetshenzisiwe, ama-shots akhiqizwa kusukela ebhamu elivamile.

Izinhlobo zezinhlanga ze-biathlon nazo zifanelekele ukukhishwa kwemincintiswano:

1. Sprint . Abahlanganyeli banqoba imingcele emibili yomlilo.
2. Umncintiswano wokuphishekela . Qala kulowo myalelo, njengoba beqedile i-sprint. Ukuqala kweMisa. Konke kuqale kanyekanye.
3. Umncintiswano ngamunye . Amabanga amadala akhethiwe.

I-Biathlon - Umjaho ngamunye

I-biathlon yezemidlalo ayilona ize ngokuthi ukufana kwamandla, amamaki nokukhuthazela. Ukuhamba ngokushesha kwi-skis ngokwakho kuwumsebenzi onzima, okudinga umzamo nomzamo. Futhi-ke udinga ukuyeka masinyane uphinde uthinte isitshe, hhayi ukulalela izandla ukuthuthumela ngokukhathala. Ngakho-ke, imithetho ye-biathlon yinkimbinkimbi, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukubizwa ngokuthi umncintiswano wokubambisana:

• ibanga elide kakhulu: amakhilomitha amabili nambili - ibanga lomuntu, nengxenye yesigamu - owesifazane
• Imingcele emine yomlilo;
• iphutha ngumzuzu omuhle.

Biathlon - Ukuphishekela

Izinhlobo zezinhlanga ku-biathlon ziyahlukahluka kuphela ebangeni, kodwa futhi ezimweni. Isidingo esikhethekile somjaho wokuphishekela ukuhamba komhlaba ngendlela efanelwe lapho i-sprint iphelile. I-oda libhaliswe ngokuqinile:

1. Umnqobi uqala kuqala, bonke abahlanganyeli bakhethwa kusukela ekugcineni ngokulibaziseka isikhathi, abalahlekile.
2. Ibanga lamadoda libalwa ngamakhilomitha angu-12.5, ibanga labesifazane liyikhilomitha eziyi-10.
3. Imingcele yomlilo ihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye ezimbili: idubula kabili ekumeni, kabili - ilele.

Sprint in biathlon - kuyini?

I-Sprint imithetho e-biathlon iqale ukutadisha bonke abasha, lesi yisigaba sokuqala salonke imincintiswano. Banikeza?

1. Ibanga lamadoda - amakhilomitha angu-10, abesifazane - okungenani 7.
2. Kukhona izicingo ezimbili zomlilo kuphela, ukunqoba ukuma nokulala phansi.
3. Ngama-penalty amaphuzu, uhlangothi olwengeziwe lomncintiswano, kuze kube ngu-150 metres, luphonswa.
4. Nqoba abahlanganyeli ebangeni ngokuphendukela.

Ukuqala kweMisa

Amafomu emincintiswano yokuqoqa akhetha ukuqala okuningi lapho bonke abahlanganyeli behamba ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ubuningi buqala kanjani ku-biathlon?

1. Kuvunyelwe ukugijimela abagijimi abangu-30 kuphela abahamba phambili, banquma ukulinganisa konyaka odlule.
2. I-biathlon yamadoda inikeza ibanga lamakhilomitha angu-15.
3. I-biathlon yowesifazane ibheka ibanga elingamakhilomitha angu-12.5.
4. Ukudubula komlilo kungu-4, u-2 wabo kusuka esimweni esivamile futhi 2 kusuka esikhundleni sokuma.
5. I-slip iyisikhalo samahhala.

Buyisela umjaho ku-biathlon

Imithetho yayo yokugijima e-biathlon inikeza umjaho owedlule. Lapha ukubheja okuyinhloko kwenziwe ngezinkomba eziphezulu isikhathi esiphezulu seqembu. Ngakho-ke, ama-biathletes amahle kakhulu avunyelwe ukuncintisana. Izimo:

1. Izwe elibambe iqhaza linelungelo lokukhetha abadlali abane abahamba phambili.
2. Ibanga ngalinye - amakhilomitha angu-7.5.
3. Imingcele yomlilo ingu-4.
4. Uma ulahlekile, ungasebenzisa ama-rounds amathathu engeziwe.

Izinhlobo zokudubula ku-biathlon

E-biathlon ngokudubula, kukhona izikhundla ezimbili: ukuma nokuqamba amanga. Imithetho esemqoka:

• lapho ukudubula kusuka endaweni "eqamba amanga", umncintiswano angathinta kuphela izingalo ngezikhali, amahlombe nesifuba;
• lapho ukudubula kusuka endaweni "emi" kuvunyelwe ukucindezela isibhamu ngokumelene nesifuba noma ithanga, kubalulekile ukugcina ibhalansi ngaphandle kokusekelwa.

Ukuze i-biathlon, izinhloso zenzelwe ngokukhethekile, ngeminyaka yentuthuko yalo mdlalo, izinhlobo zamathegethi e-biathlon zishintshile kaningi.

1. Iphepha . Abadlali bokuqala baqala kubo, kodwa maphakathi nekhulu lokugcina baphonswa ngenxa yokungasebenzi. Kwadingeka kuphele isikhathi eside ukuthatha ukufunda, ngokuvamile kwakukhona izingxabano ngenxa yokungena emvilophini.
2. Izinkuni . Bafaka amabhola, iqiniso lokushaya lingacaciswa ngabahluleli, ababukeli kanye nabagijimi. Noma kunjalo, izinhloso ezinjalo zanikeza iphutha eliphezulu.
3. I-Glass . Ukudubula, ukuphakama kwamamentimitha angu-30 kwakucatshangelwe, ngenxa yokudubula amanga - 10. Babengasebenzi ngemuva kwezinkinga zokuhamba.
4. Metal . Zisetshenziswa ku-biathlon yanamuhla. Izakhiwo zivaliwe uma zihlaselwe ekuhlosweni, zisebenza ezinjenini. Umholi wokukhiqizwa kwezinhloso ezinhle kakhulu ze-biathlon kuthiwa yi-Kurvinen.