I-granulomatosis ka-Wegener yisifo esizimele esibhekisela ezifweni ezinzima neziphuthumayo. I- vasculitis yesistimu kanye ne-wegener sika-granulomatosis yizifo ezihlobene eduze, ngoba ama-antibodies (antineutrophil cytoplasmic) akhiwa ngo-granulomatosis, okuyisici se-vasculitis e-ANCA.
Izimbangela ze-granulomatosis ka-Wegener
I-granulomatosis ka-Wegener ibhekisela ku-autoimmune, ngakho-ke kungenzeka kube nesici sofuzo. Eqinisweni, i-granulomatosis iyimpendulo engafanele yokuzivikela. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zesifo ziyi-antigens - i-HLA 〖B〗 _7, B_8, 〖DR〗 _2, 〖DQ〗 _w7.
Indima yamagciwane ayaqhutshwa namagciwane okulwa ne-antineutrophil cytoplasmic asebenza ngeproteinase-3.
I-granulomatosis ka-Wegener - izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-granulomatosis zivame ukwenzeka lapho uneminyaka engama-40, kuyilapho ubulili bengenandaba.
I-granulomatosis - ukuvuvukala kwezindonga zamanzi amancane naphakathi: ama-venules, ama-capillari, amakhethri nama-arterioles. Inqubo yokunqotshwa, iphethini eliphezulu lokuphefumula, izinso, amehlo, amaphaphu nezinye izitho zihilelekile.
Izimpawu zimi kanje:
- jikelele - ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ubuthakathaka, i-myalgia, i-arthralgia, imfiva, ezimweni ezingavamile, i-arthritis;
- isimiso sezinzwa - i-polyneuropathy engavamile;
- amehlo - ischemia wezinzwa ze-optic, ubumpumputhe, i-episcleritis ene-orbital granuloma kanye ne-exophthalmos;
- isikhumba - ukuqhuma ngezici ze-necrotic;
- i- glomerulonephritis yezinso, engathatha inkambo yokushesha;
- Amaphaphu - izilonda zakha ngamaphesenti angama-75% ngesimo sokungenelela, okwenza izikhala ngesikhathi sokubola; nalokhu kungabonwa pleurisy, ukukhwehlela.
- amapheshana okuphefumula - athinteke kwiziguli ezingu-90% ngesimo se-rhinitis ene-purment-haemorrhagic secretion kanye nesilonda; i-perumation ye-nasum ye-nasum iholela ekusongeni i-deformation; Futhi, lesi sifo sithinta i-larynx, izindlebe, ama-trachea, amasinasi e-paranasal, lapho kutholakala inqubo ye-necrotic.
I-granulomatosis ka-Wegener inezinhlobo ezimbili:
- indawo - itholakala ngokuyinhloko ipheshana lokuphefumula;
- jikelele - nazo izitho eziningi zithintekayo, futhi lokhu kuhambisana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obuhlangene, ukukhwehlela nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-granulomatosis ka-Wegener
Lokhu kuxilongwa kwenziwa yirheumatologist esekelwe idatha eminingana:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi - izidakamizwa kanye nokujwayelekile, ezingenakuqinisekisa i-granulomatosis, kodwa usizo lokulawula ezinye izifo;
- ukuhlaziywa komchamo - uyakwazi ukuqinisekisa noma ukukhipha umonakalo wezinso (ifomu lesifo isinqunyiwe);
- I-ray ye-sinus kanye ne-thorax ye-paranasal (i-computed tomography inikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe kunalutho olutholakala nge-X-ray);
- i-biopsy - indlela kuphela eqinisekisa ngokucacile noma ephika ukuba khona kwe-granulomatosis; odokotela bathatha izicubu emakhaleni noma emphinjeni, futhi kwezinye izimo, izinso namaphaphu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-granulomatosis ka-Wegener
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kwenziwa, ngokuyinhloko, ngokuhlanganyela kwe-corticosteroids ne-cytostatics, okunciphisa umsebenzi
Ngomonakalo omkhulu wezinso, kwezinye izimo, isiguli sidinga ukufakelwa komzimba.
I-granulomatosis ka-Wegener - ukubikezela
Uma ukwelashwa kungakaqalwanga ngesikhathi esifanele, khona-ke ukubikezela okungalungile kuzogcwaliseka ezinyangeni ezingu-6-12, kanti ukulinganiselwa kokuphila okungejwayelekile akudluli izinyanga ezingu-5.
Endabeni yokwelapha, ukukhululwa kuqhubeka cishe eminyakeni engama-4, kwezinye izimo eminyakeni engu-10. Ukwelapha okuphelele esikhathini samanje sokuthuthukiswa kwemithi akunakwenzeka.