Esinye sezibonakaliso ezibalulekile, esinqunywe ekuhlaziyweni kwegazi, yizinga lama-monocytes egazini. Ama-monocytes ahlobo lwe-leukocytes. Lawa angamaseli ekhulu kunawo wonke asebenzayo enza umongo omnyama obomvu. Kanye nokugeleza kwegazi, ama-monocyte asanda kuzalwa afaka izicubu zomzimba futhi ahlaselwe ama-macrophages. Umsebenzi oyinhloko walezi zakhi zegazi yikubhujiswa nokuxilongwa kwamagciwane ezincane ezifake emzimbeni, nokuqedwa kwezinsalela zamaseli afile. Ngokuqondene neqiniso lokuthi ama-monocytes enza umsebenzi onjalo onomthwalo wemfanelo, abizwa ngokuthi "i-janitors yomzimba." Yi-monocytes eziba yisithiyo ekwakheni amangqamuzana e-thrombi kanye nomdlavuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-monocytes ihileleke ekusebenzeni kwe-hematopoiesis.
Umkhuba wama-monocytes egazini
Ukuze ukwazi ukuthi noma ngabe amanani wegazi atholakala ekuhlaziyweni (kufaka hlangana ne-monocytes) ahambisana nokujwayelekile, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nomqondo wendabuko ye-monocytes ngezilinganiso eziphelele.
Umkhuba wama-monocytes egazini uvela ku-3% ukuya ku-11% we-leukocyte noma ngamasentili angu-400 nge-1 ml yegazi le-peripheral (okungukuthi, igazi elijikeleza ngaphandle kwezitho ze-hematopoietic). Umkhuba wama-monocytes egazini labesifazane ungase ube ngaphansi komkhawulo ongaphansi futhi u-1% wenani lama-leukocyte.
Futhi izinga lamaseli amhlophe lihluka ngobudala:
- okuqukethwe kwe-monocyte egazini lesana olusanda kuzalwa lihluka kusuka ku-3% ukuya ku-12%;
- lapho uneminyaka engama-2 amasonto izinga lingakwazi ukufinyelela ku-15%;
- umntwana oneminyaka elilodwa ubhekwa njengengu-4-10%.
Lapho usukhulile, inombolo evamile yamonocytes egazini ayidluli u-8%.
Shintsha ezingeni le-monocytes egazini
Ukwandisa ema-monocytes
Ukwandisa izinga le-monocytes enganeni, ngisho nangama-10%, izazi zivame ukuzola, ngoba ushintsho olunjalo luhambisana nezinqubo zemvelo ezihlobene nobuntwana, isibonelo, ukuqubuka. Ukwedlulisa inani elifanayo le-monocytes uma kuqhathaniswa nesivamile nokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kumuntu omdala kubonisa ukwehluleka kokusebenza kwendlela yokujikeleza, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo esithathelwanayo, njengokuthi:
- isifo sofuba;
- i-syphilis;
- ukungena;
- i-brucellosis ;
- i-lupus erythematosus;
- i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid;
- i-mycosis, njll.
Ukwehlukana kokuqukethwe kwe-monocyte kungabonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo esibi emzimbeni. Ngokuvamile ukwanda kwenani lamaseli amhlophe kuphawulwa esikhathini sokusebenza ngemva kwesikhathi. Kwabesifazane, imbangela yalokhu kuguquguquka ngokuvamile yindlela yokusebenza ngokwemvelo.
Ukunciphisa ama-monocytes
Ukuncipha ezingeni le-monocytes kuyinto engavamile kakhulu kunokunyuka kule nkomba. Akusho neze ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Isibonelo, abesifazane abaningi baye banciphisa ama-monocytes ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nasesikhathini sokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngalesi sikhathi ngenxa yokukhathala komzimba kungabonakalisa i-anemia.
Ezinye izimbangela ezivamile zokuncipha kokuqukethwe kwe-monocyte egazini:
- Ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo, okokuqala, umkhuhlane we-typhoid ;
- i-anemia yokuzalwa;
- ukwamukela ama-corticosteroids kanye ne-cytostatics;
- izifo ezihlobene nomonakalo kumaseli obuchopho.
Ukunciphisa izinga le-monocytes ngokuvamile kubonakala ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngesikhathi sokufakelwa komzimba. Kodwa kulokhu kubangelwa ukuguqula ukuzivikela ngezidakamizwa ukuze kuvimbele umzimba ukuba unqabe izicubu nezitho zokufakelwa.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukuguqulwa kokuqukethwe kwe-monocyte egazini kuyisizathu sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kutholakale imbangela futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuphatha ukwelashwa okufanele.