Esigabeni somzimba, isitho somlomo nasesikhumba somuntu, kukhona i-microflora ye-bacteria, enenqwaba yezilwane ezincane. Enye yama-microorganisms asezingeni elijwayelekile elinezitshalo ezivamile kakhulu i-Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae). Naphezu kwegama, le proteobacteria ayifuni nje kuphela izifo zokuphefumula eziyingozi, kodwa nezinye izinqubo zokuvuvukala.
Klebsiella pneumonia ihanjiswa kanjani?
Umthombo wokutheleleka ngumuntu omzimba wakhe oqhubeka nokutheleleka klebsiellosis. Ukwelashwa kwenzeka ngezindlela eziningana:
- ukungahambisani nemigomo yokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu;
- imifino engcolile, izithelo;
- ngenkathi ekhwehlela futhi ecula.
Izimbangela zokukhiqiza i-Klebsiella pneumonia
Abantu abanokukhubazeka ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela basengozini enkulu. Kungabangelwa yi:
- ama-immunodeficiencies ebusweni;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ukukhushulwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo;
- I-pathologies ye-hematopoiesis;
- izicubu eziphilayo;
- i-immunodeficiency ehlobene neminyaka;
- kushintshela emathunjini emathumbu namathumbu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutheleleka kuvame ukuvela emva kokufakelwa kwezitho kanye nezicubu ngenxa yokuphendula okungenasisindo (egqugquzelayo) omzimba womzimba.
Izimpawu zokuqhubekela phambili kwe-Klebsiella pneumonia
Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwempilo echazwa amabhaktheriya akhulula izinhlobo ezintathu zezinto ezinobuthi:
- membronotoxin (unomsebenzi we-hemolytic, ulimaza amangqamuzana aphilile);
- i-endotoxin (eyakhiwe ekupheleni kokuphila kwe-microorganism, ngesikhathi sehla);
- i-enterotoxin engathintekayo (iyathinta i-epithelium ebandakanya ubuso bomathumbu emathunjini, igqugquzele ukugcwaliswa kwe-lumen yayo ngeketshezi).
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhubazeka okubangelwa yi-Klebsiella pneumonia bacterium kunezinhlobonhlobo zezibonakaliso zemitholampilo kuye ngesistimu egciwane.
Endabeni ye-Klebsiella pneumonia, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo ziyabonakala:
- umkhuhlane, izinga lokushisa likhuphukela kuma-degrees angu-39;
- ukuthuthumela;
- ukudakwa;
- izikhukhula;
- ubuqotho nobubuthakathaka;
- ukuphefumula ;
- umoya omubi;
- eyomile (ngezigaba zokuqala) nokukhwehlela okumanzi, ngokukhipha umsila omnyama we-fetid, ogcwele imifino yegazi.
Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, ukuqhuma emaphashini, ukunciphisa ukuqina komsindo wabo wokugcwalisa, ukuzwakala komsindo ngesikhathi sokugwedla.
Ngokuvamile i-Klebsiella pneumonia itholakala emcinini, okwenza izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezifana ne-cystitis, i-pyelonephritis ifomu elimangalisayo nelingapheli. Kulokhu, izimpawu azifani nezilonda zamanye amagciwane:
- ubuhlungu noma ukushisa ekupheleni kokuvuthwa;
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba ukuze kufinyeleleke;
- ubukhulu ohlangothini, eduze kwezinso nesinqe;
- ukuzwa ukoma.
Uma ukutheleleka kwepheshana eliphezulu lokuphefumula, kunezibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- ama-granulomas emagqumeni omuncu ekhaleni nasopharynx;
- ukuncintisana okukhulu kwesono;
- ukufihla okuqukethwe okuhlanzekile kusuka ekhaleni ngephunga elimnandi;
- ukubunjwa kwe-crust ngaphakathi;
- izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, cishe ama-degree angu-38;
- i-atrophy ye-membrane emangcwabeni ye-trachea nekhala.
Ukunqotshwa kwepheshana lokugaya kubonakala yi:
- ubuhlungu endaweni yesisu;
- isicasuli;
- i-heartburn;
- ukuwohloka kwesifiso;
- ubuthakathaka jikelele;
- ukuhlaselwa emathunjini;
- isitoreji esikhukhulayo esinezidakamizwa ezingavamile (mucus, pus noma igazi).
Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya Klebsiella pneumonia
Ekwelapha, izinhlobo ezintathu zezidakamizwa zisetshenziswa:
- ama-antibiotic agents;
- ama-probiotics (i-Enterol) ngenxa yokuqukethwe kohlobo olukhethekile lwefungi eliphethe umsebenzi we-antimicrobial ngokumelene ne-bacterium ecutshungulwayo;
- i-bacteriophage.
Ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kwe-Klebsiella infneumonia ukutheleleka ngama-antibiotic, ikakhulukazi:
- aminoglycosides;
- cephalosporins (izizukulwane ezindala);
- i-penicillin ye-semisynthetic;
- tetracyclines.