Umdlavuza we-Esophageal - izimpawu

Umdlavuza we-Esophageal isifo esibonakala ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana amathumba avela embhedeni we-epithelial. Emadodeni, umdlavuza uphindwe kabili njengabesifazane. Kuzo zonke iziguli ezibhekene nalesi sifo, iningi (cishe 80%) ngabantu abangaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha.

Izimbangela zesifo

Umdlavuza we-Esophageal, izimpawu ngokuvamile ezingabangeli ukukhathazeka ngezigaba zokuqala zesifo, ziphakamise ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• umlutha wemikhiqizo eshisayo neyeshisayo;
• ukungenisa kokudla okulimaza isifo (amathambo amancane);
• imikhuba emibi;
• hypovitaminosis ;
• ukutholakala kwezicubu ezinobungozi zesifo noma esinye sezifo zayo (tylosis, achalasia);
• Ukulimala kwesifo ngenxa yokushisa, kokubili amakhemikhali nokushisa.

I-tumor ye-esophagus - izimpawu

Esikhathini sokuqala, umdlavuza we-esophageal uhambisana nalokhu:

• ukuwohloka kwenhlalakahle;
• ubuthakathaka emzimbeni;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
• ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle;
• ukuphuka kwesisindo esibukhali .

Njengoba lezi zimpawu zivela kancane kancane, zihlala zingabonakali isikhathi eside.

Ukukhula kwe-tumor kwenza ukuba kubonakale izimpawu ezingathí sina:

• Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokukhula komdlavuza we-esophageal yi-dysphagia, lapho isiguli sikwenza nzima ukugwinya ukudla;
• ukuzwa ukucindezela esifubeni, ukubuyisela entanyeni futhi emuva;
• ukuvuselelwa (otgirgivanie) emva kokudla noma emva kokuphuza amanzi;
• salivation ngokweqile;
• ezinkathini ezisheshayo, lapho isisu sikhula phezu kwe-bronchi ne-trachea, isiguli sinomkhuhlane wokukhwehlela;
• Ukuduma kwezwi kungenxa yokuhluma kwe-plexus ebulalayo yesigxobo se-thoracic.

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza

Incazelo yesifo somdlavuza uma kwenzeka izimpawu zayo nezimpawu zenzeka ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-X, okuyinto yezindlela eziyinhloko zokunquma isisu. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uhlole ubukhulu bokubunjwa okungalungile, izinga lokungabikho kwe-esophagus kanye nokuba khona kwe-mass mass ku-bronchi.
2. Uma izimpawu zesifo somdlavuza we-esophageal zenzeka, zisebenzisa enye indlela yokuxilongwa - isophagoscopy. Ikuvumela ukuba ufunde ubuso be-mucosa, uhlole indawo encane kanye nesilinganiso se-tumor. Isazi singathatha isicucu sezingcuba zokucwaninga okuqhubekayo. Uma udokotela ehloniphe ukubunjwa okumbi emkhakheni wokuqala, ngakho-ke ngosizo lokufakwa okufanayo kwelabhutri, angayisusa.
3. Ukuhlolwa nge-fibrobronchoscopy inikeza ulwazi mayelana nokuhluma kokubunjwa kwe-tumor ku-bronchi ne-trachea.
4. Ngosizo lwe-computer ye-tomography, udokotela wembula ubukhulu nemvelo ye-deformation ye-esophagus, inquma ukuba khona kokuhluma kwezinye izitho.
5. Ukukhipha izilonda zemvelo yamathambo kwezinye izitho ezibalulekile, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwezitho ezisemgodini wesisu esisetshenzisiwe.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-esophageal

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyindlela esemqoka yokulwa nalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, ukubunzima kwalo kuqukethe ukuthi iziguli ezivame ukuqedwa ngenxa yindlala kanye ne-dysphagia, zibekezelela kahle ukukhishwa kwesiguli kanye nokushintshwa kwalo ngengxenye yamathumbu amakhulu noma isisu.

Ukusebenza kwenziwa ezithombeni ezigabeni zokuqala nezesibili zomdlavuza. Ngenxa yokuthi ngokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ukuvuvukala ihluma ibe yi-bronchi nezinye izitho, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungaba nzima.

Isiguli, esesiteshini sesithathu nesine sesifo, sakha i-gastrostomy - umgodi lapho ethola khona ukudla.

Manje ngokuphindaphindiwe kaningi, i-irradiation yama-radioactive ye-esophagus isetshenziswa. Ezingxenyeni zokugcina, le nqubo yenziwa ukuqeda izimpawu: ukuphumula ubuhlungu nokulahlwa kwe-dysphagia.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-esophageal kwenza ukubikezelwa okuhle kuzinyathelo 1 no-2, ngoba iziguli ngokuvamile zifa ngenxa yokukhathala.