I-genus yama-balsamani izinombolo ezingaba ngu-400 zezitshalo. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-balsam ka-Waller. Isici sawo esihlukile siyizimbali eziningi ezakha izindawo ezikhanyayo ensimini yembali. Imibala ehlukahlukene kakhulu ye-balsam Waller: izimbali zinezimvu ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, ezibomvu nezibomvu. Kukhona nezinhlobo ze-bicolour. Kuningi ama-hybridi akhiwa, ahluke ekuphakameni kwesihlahla kanye nokuma kwezimbali. Ukutshala ibhalsamu ka-Waller, njengama-annuals amaningi, kukhiqizwa imbewu noma izithombo. Ukuze uhlakulele ngempumelelo ibhalsamu le-Waller, kufanele kutholakale imbewu yekhwalithi. Lesi sihloko sinezincomo zendlela yokutshala ibhalsamu kusuka kumbewu.
Ukutshala imbewu ye-balsamin
Imbewu yesiko lembali igcina ukuhluma iminyaka engama-7 kuya kwengu-9, kodwa kuhle ukuhlwanyela imbewu entsha. Labo abalimi bembali abangakabi nakho okuhlangenwe nakho kokukhula kwama-balsam e-Waller okuvela embewu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uzotshala nini imbewu ye-balsamin. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwebhasamu ka-Waller kunconywa ngo-Mashi. Ukutshala kudinga ingxube yenhlabathi ehlanganisa umhlaba wensimu, umhlabathi we-peat, lapho kunezitshalo ezincane zesihlabathi kanye ne-vermiculite. Isiqukathi esenzelwe ukutshala izimbali kanye nembewu kumele kube kuhle ukuphathwa nge "Fitosporin" noma "Fungicide", njengoba i-balsamin emnene ivame ukuthinteka yi-fungus. Imbewu isakazeka emhlabeni wonke ngokulinganayo, hhayi kakhulu, futhi ucindezela ngeminwe yeminwe. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, isitsha sigodliwe ngefilimu futhi sibeke endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kokuhluma kuyi-+21 ... +25 degrees. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi izithombo zinciphisa ukukhula, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ukukhula kungase kume ngokuphelele.
Ibhalsamu ekhulayo esuka embewu
Ekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala kumele kuvele amahlumela. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyadingeka ukuba kuqhutshwe umoya, ukususa ifilimu nokukhipha i-condensate eyakhayo. Ukufafaza amahlumela kangcono ekuseni usebenzisa isibhamu sokuphambanisa njengoba inhlabathi iyoma. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayeluleka ngesimo sezulu esibhakabhakeni nakumahora okuhlwa ukuhlela ukugqamisa.
Lapho kufika iqabunga lokuqala langempela, ukufaka umanyolo kuthulwa, ngaleyo njongo kungcono ukhethe umanyolo obunzima. Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nomthamo, njengoba i-nitrogen eyedlulele iholela ekusenikeni kwehlathi, kanye ne-potassium ngokweqile-ekuphambeni kwamaqabunga. Ukuvela kwamapheshana amabili kanye nesithathu (futhi lokhu kuvame ukuvela emasontweni amabili kuya kwamatsatfu emva kokuhlwanyela) kuyisignali yamakhekhe ezitsheni ze-peat ezigcwele inhlabathi. Ungasebenzisa izinkomishi zeplastiki, kodwa kudingeka zinikeze izimbobo zokugeleza. Ihlumela ngayinye idinga ibhodlela elilodwa.
Lapho kudala ibhalsamu e-Waller kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umbuso wokushisa othize: emini yosuku + 21 ... + ama degree angu-25, ebusuku + 16 ... + ama-degrees angu-18. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa amahlumela, ifilimu isusiwe ukulungiselela izimbali zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngokujwayelekile ibhalsamu le-Waller inikeza amahlumela amaningi, kodwa uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke phezulu kumele kukhonjiwe. Than
Emhlabathini ovulekile, ibhalsamu isetshenziselwa ukuqala kwesimo sezulu esifudumele, ezimweni zesimo sezulu esifudumele lokhu kuvame ukuqala kukaJuni. Ibhalsamu ngayinye ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha isivele isanda. Ukutshala, khetha indawo evulekile kusayithi. Lapho ukhula emaqabungwini omisiwe, kuyadingeka nokuba ukhethe indawo evikelekile ilanga eliqondile. Izithombo ezihlwanyele zisendaweni eyi-25 cm. Kunconywa ukuba umquba umhlaba ukuze ulondoloze umbuso owenziwe kahle.