Izimpande zesitshalo yizimboni zalo zenyama, ezisezindaweni zangaphansi komhlaba futhi ziqhuba amanzi futhi, ngokufanele, izinto ezimbiwa ngamaminerali okunye, phansi, ezithombeni zezitshalo, amaqabunga, izimbali nezithelo. Kodwa umsebenzi oyinhloko wempande usalokhu kulungiswa kwesitshalo emhlabathini.
Ezingxenyeni ezihlukile zenkambiso yezimpande
Into evamile emasimini ahlukene ahlukene ukuthi ukuthi impande ihlale ihlukaniswe yaba yi-main, lateral kanye ne-accessory. Umsuka oyinhloko, impande ye-oda lokuqala, njalo ukhula ngembewu, yiyona eyakhiwe kakhulu futhi ikhula njalo.
Izimpande ze-lateral ziphuma kuwo futhi zibizwa ngokuthi izimpande ezi-second-order. Bangakwazi ukufaka igatsha, futhi kusukela kubo basuka ezimpandeni eziphansi, ezibizwa ngokuthi izimpande zendlela yesithathu. I (izimpande ezingenazo izimboni) azikhuleki ngokuyinhloko, kodwa kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zingakhula ngeziqu kanye namaqabunga.
Iqoqo lonke lezimpande libizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwempande. Futhi kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zezimpande zamasu - ziyi-pivot futhi zifubha. Futhi umbuzo wethu oyinhloko uhilela ukuthi yini ehlukanisa izinhlelo eziyisisekelo nezimpande.
Uhlelo lwempande oluyisisekelo lubonakala ngokuba khona kwezimpande eziphakeme kakhulu, kuyilapho uhlelo lwempande olunamathele luvela ezimpandeni zokufinyelela kanye ne-lateral, futhi impande yayo eyinhloko ayichazwanga futhi ayifani nendawo enkulu.
Ukuze uqonde kangcono umehluko phakathi kwesistimu yezimpande eziyisisekelo kanye nesimiso sezintambo ezinamathele, cabanga ngomdwebo obonakalayo wesakhiwo sesistimu eyodwa nesesibili.
Uhlelo lwempande lusekelwe ezitshalweni ezinjenge-roses, i-peas, i-buckwheat, i-valerian, i- parsley , izaqathe, i-maple, i-birch, i-currant, i-velon. Uhlelo lwempande lendlebe lukolweni, oats, ibhali, u-anyanisi negalikhi, i-lily, i-gladiolus nabanye.
Amahlumela ashintshiwe ngaphansi komhlaba
Izitshalo eziningi ngaphansi komhlaba ngaphandle kwezimpande zibizwa ngokuthi amahlumela ashintshiwe. Lawa angama-rhizomes, ama-stolons, ama-bulbs nezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Ama-Rhizomes akhula ikakhulukazi afana nomhlabathi, ayenziwa ukuze aphinde akhiqize izitshalo. Ngaphandle, i-rhizome ifana nomsuka, kodwa isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi sinemifuziselo ebalulekile. Ngezinye izikhathi amahlumela anjalo angaphuma ngaphansi komhlaba bese enza ihlumela evamile ngamaqabunga.
Ama-stolons abizwa ngokuthi amahlumela angaphansi komhlaba, ekugcineni kwawo akhiwa ama-tub, nezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nama-rosette amahlumela.
I-bulb ibizwa ngokuthi ukudubula okuguquliwe, umsebenzi wokugcina ogcwele amaqabunga anamanzi, kanti izimpande ezingaphansi zihamba ukusuka phansi phansi.
I-tuber iyinhlanzi ehlanganisiwe ne-axillary efihlekile, isebenza njengesitolo futhi yande.