Kaaba


I-shrine eyinhloko yamaSulumane, ebizwa ngokuthi iKaaba, iheha amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu abahamba ngezinyawo eMecca njalo ngonyaka. Ngokusho kweKoran, leli dolobha liyisikhungo esingcwele samaSulumane kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Indawo:


I-shrine eyinhloko yamaSulumane, ebizwa ngokuthi iKaaba, iheha amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu abahamba ngezinyawo eMecca njalo ngonyaka. Ngokusho kweKoran, leli dolobha liyisikhungo esingcwele samaSulumane kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Indawo:

I-Kaaba itholakala egcekeni leMoskid al-Haram , e-Mecca eSaudi Arabia , eduze nogu lolwandle oluBomvu. Le nsimu yezwe ibizwa ngeHijaz.

Ubani owakhe iKaaba eMecca?

Idatha eqondile ukuthi iminyaka engakanani uKaaba nombhali walesi sakhiwo samaSulumane asungulwe kuze kube yilolu suku. Ngokusho kwemithombo ethile, ithempeli labonakala ngisho nangaphansi kuka-Adamu, futhi labhujiswa yiZamcolo futhi likhohliwe. Ukubuyiselwa kweKaaba kwenziwa ngumprofethi u-Ibrahim nendodana yakhe u-Ismail, owathi, ngokusho kwezinganekwane, wasizwa ngu-Gabriel omkhulu. Ubufakazi bale nguqulo yizinyathelo zomprofethi, ezigcinwe kwelinye lamatshe. Kukhona futhi inganekwane echaza lapho kwavela khona itshe elimnyama eKaaba. Ngesikhathi kwakunye itshe elilodwa kuphela elisele ngaphambi kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa, u-Ismail washiya ukufuna kwakhe, futhi lapho ebuya wathola ukuthi itshe selivele selifunyenwe futhi uvela kubaba wakhe wafunda ukuthi lilethwa yiGabriyeli Eliyinhloko uGabriyeli ngokuqondile ePharadesi. Lona yiLitshe eliMnyama, okubekwe ukugcwaliswa kwethempeli.

Kuzo zonke izinto ezikhona, indlu engcwele yavuselelwa futhi yakhiwa kabusha ngokwemininingwane ehlukene izikhathi ezingu-12-12. Isizathu salokhu kwakuyinhloko yemililo. Ukuvuselelwa okwakudume kakhulu kweKaaba kwenzeka ngaphansi komprofethi Muhammad, khona-ke isimo sawo sashintshwa kusuka epallelepiped kuya cube. I-perestroika yokugcina yenziwa ngekhulu le-1 AD, futhi ngaleli fomu iKhaba isisinde kuze kube namuhla. Ukuvuselelwa kokugcina izimonyo kubalwe emuva ngo-1996.

Iyini i-Kaaba?

Ekuhunyushweni okuvela e-Arabic Kaaba kusho "indlu engcwele". Lapho bethandaza, amaSulumane aphendulela ubuso babo kuKaaba.

I-Kaaba yenziwe nge-granite, inomumo we-cube nobukhulu obuyi-13.1 m ukuphakama, ubude buka-11.03 m ubude no-12.86 m ngobubanzi. Ngaphakathi kukhona amakholomu amathathu, amatshe e-marble, izibani zelitsha kanye netafula lempepho.

Kuyini ngaphakathi kweKaaba engcwele?

Ngokuvamile abahamba ngezinyawo babuza imibuzo mayelana nekhamera kaKaaba, ehlobene nokuqukethwe kwayo kwangaphakathi: mayelana nokuthi yiliphi elingcwele e-Kaaba, ukuthi kanjani futhi nini ukungena ngaphakathi, yiziphi amahhotela aseduze, buze ngamaqiniso athakazelisayo . Ake sihlale ngokuningiliziwe ngalokho okushiwo isisekelo sezinto zangaphakathi zalendawo engcwele:

  1. Itshe elimnyama. I-cobblestone ekhoneni elingasempumalanga yethempeli eliphakeme ngamamitha ayi-1.5. AmaSulumane abheka njengenhlanhla ukuthinta itshe, okwakushiwo umprofethi Muhammad ngomhlanga wakhe.
  2. Umnyango. Itholakala endaweni engamamitha angaba ngu-2.5m engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-cube, ukuze kuvikelwe isakhiwo kusuka ezikhukhuleni. Umnyango wanikezwa njengesipho ngu-4 inkosi yaseSaudi Khalid ibn Abdul Aziz. Ukuqedela kwalo, kwasetshenziswa ingu-280 kg yegolide. Amakhiza aseKaaba agcinwa ngumndeni wakwaBani Pike, ogcina ukuhleleka nokuhlanzeka. Kusukela esikhathini somprofethi Muhammad
  3. I-Gutter idle. Wanikezelwa ukususwa kwemifudlana enamandla nokuwa kwethempeli. Amanzi agelezayo abhekwa njengophawu lomusa futhi aqondiswa endaweni lapho umfazi nendodana yomprofethi u-Ibrahim bangcwatshwa khona.
  4. I-plinth. Yisisekelo lapho izindonga zeKaaba zigcinwa khona, kanti futhi ziyisivikelo sokusekelwa kwesisekelo samanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
  5. Hijr Ismail. Udonga oluphansi lwamakhondomu lapho abahamba khona bekhonza khona. Lapha bangcwatshwa imizimba yomfazi ka-Ibrahim nendodana yakhe u-Ismail.
  6. I-Multazam. Ingxenye yodonga ukusuka etsheni elimnyama kuze kube semnyango.
  7. Makam Ibrahim. Indawo enezinyawo zomprofethi u-Ibrahim.
  8. I-angle ye-Black Stone.
  9. Ikhoneni laseYemen liyikhoneni elingeningizimu yeKaaba.
  10. I-angle ye-Sham isengxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Kaaba.
  11. I-angle yase-Iraq enyakatho.
  12. Kiswa. It is a silk indwangu yombala omnyama nge embroidery zegolide. I-Kiswu isetshenziselwa ukuhlala e-Kaaba. Shintsha njalo ngonyaka, unikeze i-kiswu esetshenziswe ngendlela yezigqoko ezihamba ngezinyawo.
  13. Umdwebo we-Marble. Lisho izindawo zokudlula ithempeli ngesikhathi seHajj. Ngaphambilini, kwakuhlaza, manje sekumhlophe.
  14. Indawo yokuma ka-Ibrahim. Lisho iphuzu lapho umprofethi wema khona ngesikhathi kwakhiwa ithempeli.

Imithetho yokuvakashela iKaaba

Ngaphambi kwalokho, noma ngubani owayengena eKaaba. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yenani elikhulu labahambeli kanye nosayizi oluncane kakhulu weKaaba, ithempeli lavalwa. Njengamanje, izivakashi ezibaluleke kakhulu zivunyelwe ukungena, futhi izikhathi ezimbili kuphela ngonyaka, lapho imikhosi yokugeza ibanjwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwenyanga kaRamadan nangaphambi kweHajj.

AmaSulumane anethuba lokwenza uhambo oluya eMecca angathinta indawo enkulu yomhlaba ngesikhathi sezulu eseduze neKaaba. Abamele ezinye izinkolo abakwazi ukuvakashela lezi zindawo ezingcwele. Ezinsukwini zeHajj, inani elikhulu labantu libhekene neKaaba, futhi ukulimala kwamakhulu kanye nezingozi kubhalwe njalo ngonyaka. Ukuze ugweme ukungena ochotshozayo, ungacabangela ukhetho lokuhumusha ukuhambela kwamaSulumane eMecca: ungabona ukudubula okungavamile okubonisa ukuthi yikuphi uKaaba nokuthi ubukeka kanjani ngaphakathi.

Ungafika kanjani?

Ukuze uvakashele i-Kaaba, ungaya endaweni oya kuyo ngezinyawo noma ngemoto. Eyokuqala, yiya e-Al-Haram Mosque, futhi okwesibili - hamba nomgwaqo we-15, iNkosi Fahd Rd noma iKing Abdul Aziz Rd.