Okokuqala, ukukhishwa kwezitifiketi zokulahlwa komzali, noma imali enkulu yomndeni kulindelwe iminyaka eyishumi egcwele, kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2016. Yingakho ekupheleni kwalo nyaka, kuphakama imibuzo eningi mayelana nokuthi izokwandiswa nokuthi kanjani abamukeli bezitifiketi bazokwazi ukulahla imali enikeziwe yibo.
Okwamanje, ngoDisemba 2015, uMongameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin wamemezela isinqumo sikahulumeni esikhathini esizayo salolu hlelo. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezenziwe kumthetho wamanje, futhi kuze kube yimuphi umthamo wokubeletha ukwandiswa ngonyaka.
Kuze kube nini isamba semali sokubeletha sisandiswa?
Kusukela entwasahlobo ka-2015, bonke abezindaba bahlangane njalo ngezinsolo ezingenasisekelo ukuthi uhlelo lokukhishwa kwezitifiketi ezinikezela ukugcwaliseka kwemali yokubeletha kunqunywe ukuba ludluliselwe eminye iminyaka emibili. Noma kunjalo, akekho ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kwezitatimende ezinjalo isikhathi eside kusuka kubamele bohulumeni baseRussia.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ngabe imali yokubeletha yabanikezelwa kuze kufike ngo-2018 yayinentshisekelo kwinani elikhulu lemindeni emisha engakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi ingabe ilahlekelwa yini ilungelo layo lokukhokhwa okukhulu uma ukuzalwa kwengane yesibili noma eyalandela kuhlehlisiwe. NgoDisemba 30, 2015, ekugcineni, uMthetho Wama-433-FZ wadluliselwa, ngokusho ukuthi yiliphi inani lemali yokubeletha okwenziwe ngempela kuze kufike ngo-2018, kanti inqubo yokubala inani laso nokuthi kungenzeka ukuqaliswa kwayo akushintshe. Lo mthetho uvumela ukuba uthole isitifiketi hhayi kuphela kulabo abasha abancane abazalwa izingane zabo kusukela ngo-01.01.2007 kuya ku-31.12.2016, kodwa nalabo abanenzalo yesibili neyalandela eminyakeni emibili elandelayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi zonke lezi zinguquko zihlobene kuphela nelungelo lokuthola isitifiketi. Kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise imali le dokhumenti evumela ukuthi ilahle noma kunini, njengoba ingalawulwa nganoma iyiphi indlela ngumthetho wamanje. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kunikezwe ukuthi ezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene zokusebenzisa izimali zomndeni zigcwaliswa kuphela esikhathini eside, angeke kube khona ukulinganiselwa kanye nezikhathi ezimele lapha.
Ngokungangabazeki, ukwamukelwa koMthetho No. 433-FZ kwanciphisa izakhamizi zaseRussia isikhathi esifushane. Ngokushesha, imindeni emisha izobe ibuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani emalini kamama ngemuva kuka-2018. Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, kunezinketho ezintathu:
- uhlelo luzovuselelwa iminyaka eminingana ngemigomo efanayo noma efanayo;
- lolu hlelo luzoshintsha kakhulu, isibonelo, imindeni kuphela enezingane eziningi izothola ilungelo lokuthola isitifiketi, futhi inani lizokhula kakhulu;
- Okokugcina, kukhona okungahle kube yinto enhle kakhulu ekukhethweni kweRussia - ukuqedwa kokugcina kwalolu hlelo ngo 31.12.2018.
Yiqiniso, kulokhu, ukungalingani okukhulu kwezenhlalakahle kuzovela ngokungazelelwe, ngoba labo besifazane abazoba omama ekuqaleni kuka-2019 okwesibili bazobe besesimweni esibucayi kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane abasemsebenzini ekupheleni kuka-2018. Noma kunjalo, njengoba kunikezwa isimo samanje sesabelomali saseRashiya kanye nesimo esinzima sezomnotho emhlabeni wonke, kuyindlela yokugcina eyabonakala iyinhloko kakhulu namuhla.