Uma ufuna i-cherry enempilo ethelekayo ekhula ensimini, ukutshala nokuyinakekela kufanele kwenziwe ngokwemithetho. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle umuthi onjalo ukhula kuze kube ngu-15. Isithelo esiphunga elimnandi nesomuncu sithandwa kakhulu ngama-compotes, ama-juice, ama-jams nama-pie, adla ngokudla futhi ahlanzekile.
Cherry - ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile
Umuthi we-cherry ukhula ufike kumamitha ayi-10., Unomuthi ogcwele ujusi kuze kube ngu-2 cm ububanzi. I-Cherry ikhula ngo-Ephreli nge-coronal emhlophe noma emhlophe futhi iphenduke ibe yinye yezitshalo ezivelele kakhulu ensimini. Isihlahla siyakuthanda ukukhula kumasayithi akhanyisiwe nge-substrate egxiliwe, e-sandy noma e-loamy. Ungalihlwanyeli eduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba noma ezindaweni eziphansi lapho unomswakama omile. Ukuze uthole ukuvunwa kwekhwalithi ekhwalithi kusuka ekunakekeleni kwe-cherries nokulima kumele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele. Umuthi utshalwe entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, esimweni ngasinye kukhona izincomo zokuqothula.
Spring ukutshala cherries
Uma i-cherry ithatha izimpande entwasahlobo, izithombo zinesikhathi sokuqina futhi zikhule. Umsebenzi uyenzeka uma umhlaba usuvele usuvutha, futhi izinso zingakabikho. Isikhathi sokutshala esikhethekayo se-cherries entwasahlobo kuphakathi kuka-Ephreli. Uma uthenga, khetha izihlahla ezineminyaka emibili ubudala ezilinganiselwa ku-60 cm.
- izimpande zesitshalo amahora amathathu zima emanzini ukuze zigcwalise umswakama;
- I-fossa igubungulwa ngobubanzi buka-80 cm, ububanzi buka-60 cm;
- isikhonkwane se-1 m high sihanjiswa ngaphakathi;
- Ngaphansi, ingxube yomhlabathi yokugqoka ephezulu isetshenzisiwe, isitshalo sitshalwe ukuze isitshalo sesitshalo sigcine 2-3 cm ngaphezulu komugqa womhlabathi;
- izimpande zesitshalo ziqondisiwe, inhlabathi elungiselelwe yengezwa emgodini futhi ihlelwe kahle;
- ngemuva kokufika nge-trunk umgodi uhlanganiswa kude no-30 cm, ibhakede lamanzi lithelelwa kuwo;
- khona-ke umjikelezo othunjiwe uthululwa nge-peat, sawdust, isithombo sinamathele emgodini;
- lapho uhlela insimu, ukubaluleka kwemithi kubalulekile - kumele bathole inhlabathi zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Izitshalo zibekwe omunye nomunye ngezikhathi eziphakathi kuka 2.5-3 m.
Ukutshala i-Cherry ekwindla
I-cherries yase-Garden ngemuva kokutshala ekwindla akunakwenzeka ukuba nesikhathi sokukhula kuze kube yilapho kubanda. Kungabhekana kakhulu namaqhwa noma ukufa ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukulungiselela nokunciphisa izithombo ze-cherry, nokutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile wokukhiqiza entwasahlobo. Indlela yokugcina umuthi owathengiwe:
- engxenyeni ejulile yensimu, lapho iqhwa lihlala khona isikhathi eside kunazo zonke entwasahlobo, phonsa umgodi oblong 40 cm ejulile ngezinga elingama-45 degree;
- Emgodleni wawubeka isithombo - izimpande kanye nengxenye yesithathu ye-trunk, egcwele umhlaba futhi ephuziswa kakhulu;
- Umuthi ugcwele amagatsha kaphayini lonke ubude. Ngemuva kweqhwa, i-snowdrift enezinga eliphakeme lama-50 cm liphonswa phezu kwesithombo;
- ngakho ebusika, i-cherry eyathengwa ekwindla itshalwe, ukutshala nokuyinakekela ikhiqizwa entwasahlobo. Thola isithombo ngqo ngaphambi kokuba uqhubekele emgodini omile.
Uma isinqumo sithathwa ukuze siphambanise isihlahla endaweni ehlala njalo yokukhula ekwindla, umsebenzi uqhutshwa ngo-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbewu isivele isesimweni sokuphumula, futhi kuthatha amasonto 3-4 ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa iqale. Qala ukutshala ngokufaka izimpande zibe ngumbumba nodaka, khona-ke umuthi ungagxila emgodini. Ukutshala kunamathele emgodleni, emva kokuphuza umjikelezo womgqomo kufanele ukuthi uhlanganiswe - ukulala kakhulu nge-sawdust.
Umanyolo lapho utshala ama cherry
Ukuze i-cherry yensimu, ukunakekelwa nokulima kuqala ngokutshala endaweni encane ene-nutrient-rich. Inhlabathi ye-rooting yayo ilungiselelwe kusukela ku-autumn - i-dolomite ufulawa noma i-lime ngesilinganiso samagremu angu-400 kumitha wendawo ngayinye isetshenziswe kulesi sakhiwo futhi i-substrate ihlatshwa phansi ekujuleni kwe-bayonet. Ngemva kwesonto, lengeza umquba ovuthiwe ngesilinganiso esingu-15 kg. ku-sq.m. Ngentwasahlobo, lapho kutshalwa ingqimba evundile yenhlabathi kusuka phezulu kususwe, kuhlangene nama-humus emakamu okufanayo, no-1 kg. umlotha, 30-40 g we- superphosphate , 25 g we- potassium chloride . Le nhlanganisela ilungele ukutshala isitshalo emgodini.
I-cherry - ukusika izihlahla nokufaka umqhele
Garden cherry, ukutshala nokunakekelwa okwenziwe kahle, inikeza ukukhula okusheshayo kwamahlumela. Kusukela kulokhu, umqhele walo ukhula futhi amagatsha amaningi amancane akhula. Uma ukhula, izithelo ziyoba ezinkulu, amahlamvu azoba nempilo, futhi amagatsha athela izithelo ayohlala isikhathi eside. Umuthi udinga ukusika izihlahla uma amahlumela ekhuphula ama-50 cm. Imithetho yokwehlisa i-cherry:
- inqubo yokuqala kwenzeka ngoMashi entwasahlobo, ize izinso zivule;
- uma ukugeleza kosawoti kusuvele sekuphelile, ukusika kufanele kuhlehliswe, ngaphandle kwalokho amagatsha ayokoma;
- ekupheleni kwezimila, ukusika izikwindla kulungile;
- Inqubo yokuhlanza ukukhishwa kwamagatsha agulayo iyasiza, okungahle kwenziwe unyaka wonke.
Ukusika izihlahla zama cherry
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukubunjwa kwentwasahlobo yesihlahla, ngezinye izikhathi kwanele ukuthuthukiswa okufanele komqhele. Kuqhutshwa amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhume. Ukusika izihlahla zama cherry entwasahlobo:
- uma amahlumela waminyaka yonke engakhiwa angaphezu kuka-35 cm, ayathinteki, bese echitha umqhele kanye namagatsha aphikisanayo;
- Isiqu somuthi sifushane, kodwa kufanele sihlale singaphezu kwamagatsha omzimba ngamasentimitha angu-20;
- izingxenye zishaywa ngokushesha nge-sulfate yethusi.
I-autumn izihlahla ze-cherry
Ekwindla, umuthi unqunywe kancane - uyesaba ukulimaza isivuno esizayo, ngoba isilonda esasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa lenze isitshalo sibe nesibindi. Uma kunjalo kunqunywe ukubamba, bese ukhetha umzuzu phakathi kokuphela kwezimila kanye nemibhobho yokuqala. Ekwindla, amahlumela agule futhi aphukile asuswe, okuyinto i-trunk ayifanele isondle kuze kube entwasahlobo ekulimazeni amagatsha aphilile.
Ukutshala ama cherry ngesikhathi sokutshala kwenziwa ekwakheni umqhele okhululekile. Wonke amagatsha esiqwini esingaphansi kuka-40 cm asuswe. Ngaphezulu kwalesi sizinga, amahlumela ayisithupha ashiywe njenge-skeletal. Kufanele kufakwe ngokulinganayo. Ingqimba engezansi - amagatsha amathathu, owesibili - amabili, ngenhla - eyodwa ngaphezulu. Amagatsha ahamba emgqeni anqunywe. Isitshalo sonyaka ekwindla akudingi ukusika izihlahla. Namanje ususa kahle umhlanga, kunconywa ukuwusebenzisa ukukhiqiza.
Ukunakekela ama-cherry ezweni
Emva kokutshala ama cherry udinga ukulandela izincomo zokunakekela isihlahla. Imisebenzi emikhulu:
- Ukukhulula inhlabathi. Ukunakekelwa okunjalo nge-cherries kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi kuqhubeka sonke isikhathi semifino. Lokhu kuvumela umhlaba ukuba ugcwale umoya-mpilo, ukugcina umswakama ubude. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umbuthano we-basal ukhululiwe kumkhula.
- Ukunisela. Isikhathi sokuqala umuthi uswakanyiswe ngemuva kokuchichima ngokushesha. Owesibili kungukuqala kokwanda kwesayizi sesithelo. Ukulinganisa - amabhakede amathathu kuya kwezimpande eyodwa. Ukugcina amanzi okugcina e-podzimny kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba ngemuva kokuwa kokuwa.
- Umanyolo. Inqubo ikwandisa isivuno, ngokuqinisekile ithinta ukukhula kwesitshalo. Kuqhutshwa unyaka wonke, izinhlelo zokudla ziyahlukahluka entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-cherry Spring
Ukubhakabhaka kubalulekile lapho kunakekela izihlahla, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, imisebenzi eminingi engapheli kumele yenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa okufanele kwesitshalo nokuvunwa okuningi. Ngaphandle kokwehlisa iziguli, amagatsha abunayo nokufaka umqhele, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zithathwa entwasahlobo:
- Ukunciphisa kwesiqu. I-lime ibhubhisa yonke imfucumfucu kanye nezinambuzane ngaphansi kwamagxolo. Izingxenye namanxeba agqugquzelwa ngethusi sulfate futhi ehlanganiswe nopende.
- Emhlabeni umuthi ususwe udoti, utshani obomile, inhlabathi iyabanjwa.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenziwa ngokokuqala ngqa phakathi nezimbali. Kulokhu, ibhakede lomquba + kilogram lomlotha lisetshenzisiwe, lihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Isigqoko sesibili esiphezulu esifanayo senziwa amasonto ambalwa emva kokuqala.
- Ukunakekela i-cherry spring kuhilela ukuphalaza. Ihlose ukulwa nezinambuzane ezivulwa ngemuva kwebusika. Kulokhu, ingxube ye- azophos neBordeaux ifanelekile. Lezi zidakamizwa kufanele zishintshwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqala (ngemuva kokuba izinso zivulwe ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli), umuthi uchithelwa nge-azofos. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, udinga ukuphenya, ngalesi sikhathi usebenzisa ingxube yeBordeaux.
Ukunakekela i-autumn cherry
Emva kokuvuna, lesi sihlahla sidinga ukunakekelwa ukuze siphile kahle ebusika. I-Cherry - ukunakekela nokuvuna kwekwindla:
- Sika amagatsha ogulayo, owomile nabonakalisiwe;
- Zonke izilonda ziboshwe nge-sulfate yethusi, ziboshwe ngezigqoko;
- Umbuthano we-trunk ubumbwe ukujula kwe-15 cm;
- Isihlahla kumele sondliwe, ukulungiswa okuhle:
- organic: sawdust, umquba, ihlanjululwa bird droppings;
- Esigabeni sokumba, i-potash ne-phosphorus make-up ziyethulwa;
- Umjikelezo oseduze-bar uphuziswa ngesisombululo se-urea esingu-5% ekuqaleni kwamaqhwa kuqala, lokhu kuzosiza ukuqeda ama-parasites amaningi.