Njengoba umvini wokuqala uqobo lwabekwa, sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kweyodwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene eziphikisana nezifo ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi ziye zavela, kodwa azizange zincotshwe ngokuphelele. Mayelana nezifo eziyinhloko zamagilebhisi nezindlela zokusebenzelana nabo ungafunda kusuka kusihloko sethu.
Izifo zomvini - i-anthracnose
I-fungus evamile eMelika, eYurophu nase-Asia, ebangelwa i-Gloeosporium ampelophagum Sacc. Le fungus ibonakala kahle ezindaweni ezimoya afudumele nomswakama, lapho ngenkathi eyodwa ikwazi ukunikeza izizukulwane ezingaba ngu-30 zezinhlamvu. Ukusebenza kwayo kugcinwa iminyaka emihlanu, kuhlaselwa emvinini kanye namahlamvu awile. Kukhona i-anthracnose ngesimo samabala asundu, azungezwe umngcele omhlophe emaqabunga, amahlumela kanye nama-inflorescences. Amachashazi emahlumela aphinde ahlaselwe zibe izilonda, okuholela ekusomeni komvini. I-inflorescences ethintekile iphinda ihlehle ngaphandle kokwenza amajikijolo. Ukufudumala kwempumalanga ngokuhambisana nesimo sezulu sezulu kudala ukulimala kwe-anthracnose kumvini omncane ongaholela ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kokuvunwa.
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Izifo zamagilebhisi - isikhutha
Ubuhlungu bamanga noma isikhutha yisifo sezo zonke izivini, ngaphandle kokunye, kuzo zonke izifunda zokuzalana kwazo. Izinga lomonakalo obangelwa isikhutha kakhulu kuxhomeke ezimweni zezulu zendawo - ephakeme izinga lokushisa nomswakama, ukusakazeka kwesifo kuyoba ngaphezulu. Kuvela ngenxa yomsebenzi obalulekile we-fungus Plasmopara viticola Berl. futhi Toni. Kanye nomkhuhlane wamanje we-powdery, isikhutha umholi ngobuqili, kulimaza zonke izitho eziluhlaza zamagilebhisi. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokunqotshwa kwamagilebhisi kubonakala emaqabunga ama-oily stains of size, lapho isikhathi sidlulela ezindaweni ezinomdlavuza. Amaqabunga athintekile amagilebhisi aqala ukukhanya okwesibhakabhaka, ebola futhi efa ngenkathi yesifo. Khona-ke isikhunta sisakazeka kuma-inflorescences namaqoqo, okuholela ekubola nasekufeni.
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Izifo zamagilebhisi - oidium
Kanye nomkhuhlane, isikhutha samanje se-powdery noma i-oidium, silimaza kakhulu izivini emhlabeni jikelele. I-agent ye-causative ye-oidium yi-Uncinula necator uBurril, obanjwe eYurophu evela e-North Americakazikazikazikazi. Ungathola lesi sifo ngokuba khona emvinini wamapulangwe ekukhuleni kwamahlumela, njengokungathi uphuphuthele ekugcineni ngothuli olumpunga. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lesi sigqoko esimhlophe siyabonakala ezinhlangothini zombili amaqabunga, bese kuthi lesi sifo sidlulele ema-inflorescences nasezinhlangothini, okuholela ekufeni kwabo. Isici esibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo yilona ukuqina komvini.
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Ukulwa nezifo zamagilebhisi
Ukuvikela isivinini ezifweni kusetshenziswa izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhlakulela ukulwa nezifo nezinhlobo zemvelo.
- I-sanitary trim ngesikhathi esifanele, kanye nokubhujiswa okulandelayo kwazo zonke izinsalela ezithintekayo.
- Ukwelashwa njalo kwamagilebhisi ezifo ngezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-antifungal.
Ukwelashwa kwamagilebhisi ezifweni
Ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo kwesivini ngezifo kwenzeka ngesikhathi amahlumela amancane ewelwa cishe ngamasentimitha angu-15-25. Khona-ke ukusifafaza kuphindaphindiwe ngaphambi kokusila kanye nesikhathi lapho amajikijolo afinyelele usayizi wepea. Amalungiselelo alandelayo asetshenziselwa ukupuniza:
- I-Strobi;
- "UHorus" ;
- I-Anthracol;
- "I-Acrobat";
- "Ridomil";
- Kuproksat;
- "Thanos";
- I-Bordeaux ingxube.
Ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe enkonzweni efudumele futhi eyomile, ngaphandle kokungazinaki imishini yokuzivikela ngayinye. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iningi lezinhlayiya ezingenhla lihambisana kahle nezinambuzane eziningi, okuvumela ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo uhlinzekele isivini ngokuvikelwa kabili - kokubili kusuka ku-fungus kanye nezilokazane.