I-anemia noma i-anemia, empeleni, akuyona isifo esizimele. Lesi simo, kuhlanganise nokuyinkimbinkimbi ye-clinical and hematological syndromes, ehlanganisa ukwehla nje ekuhlungeni kwegazi kwe-hemoglobin. Ukwelashwa okwanele kokugula kuncike ekutheni i-anemia esheshayo iqhubekela phambili kanjani - ubukhulu be-anemia bunqunywa ngokuhambisana nenamba yamaseli we-pigment ebala amangqamuzana egazi abomvu.
Iyini inqwaba ye-anemia ku-hemoglobin?
Isimo esichazwe, ne-akhawunti yezibonisi zemitholampilo, kwenzeka amadigri amathathu okuvuthwa:
- Kulula. Ukuhlushwa kwe-hemoglobin egazini kuphakathi kuka 90 kuya ku-120 g / l.
- Isilinganiso. Izinga le-pigment liyi-70-90 g / l.
- Kunzima kakhulu. Inani le-hemoglobin liyancipha kakhulu, ku-70 g / l.
Cabangela ukuqhubeka kwesifo ngokuningiliziwe.
Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwe-anemia emnene
Ngokuvamile, i-anemia engadingekile ayibonakali nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi itholakala ngengozi, lapho ithola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukungenwa kwe-iron okunesifo somzimba we-anemia wobunzima obunzima kuhambisana nezibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- ukukhathala okusheshayo;
- izifo eziningi;
- ubuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa nasekuseni;
- ukunciphisa ikhono lokugxila ukunakwa;
- ukusebenza kabi.
Ukwehliswa okuncane emazingeni e-hemoglobin kutholakala ekutheni ukwelashwa. Ukwenza lokhu, udinga ukwenza ukudla okuphelele nokulinganisela. Ukudla kubandakanya ukudla okucebile ku-B amavithamini nensimbi.
Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwe-anemia yesilinganiso esilinganiselwe
Ukuncipha okukhulu kwe-hemoglobin concentration kubonakala yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- izinhliziyo zomzimba (okuphakathi);
- ukuphefumula ngisho nokucindezeleka okuncane ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo;
- umsindo ezindlebeni ;
- ikhanda;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
- isiyezi;
- kunciphise i-libido.
Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo ephawuleka kakhulu yi-anemia ye-polyfactorial yokuqina okulinganiselayo, njengoba lesi simo sihambisana nokulahlekelwa kwe-iron kuphela, kodwa futhi namavithamini, ama-amino acids, amaminerali. Ukuthuthukisa i-hypoxia (oksijeni yindlala) yazo zonke izicubu zomzimba, kuhlanganise nobuchopho. Ngakho-ke, iziguli eziphethwe yilolu hlobo lwe-anemia zingafakazela ngaphezu kwalokho:
- ukukhukhumaza eduze kwamehlo ("izikhwama");
- ubuhlungu bezinambuzane ezinamaqabunga nezikhumba;
- Ukuchofoza amachashazi phambi kwamehlo;
- ukugoba okuncane kwamadolo, izimbongolo;
- ukukhubazeka kwememori.
Ukwelapha i-anemia eqhubekayo kuyadingeka ngokuhambisana nefomu layo, imbangela yokuqala, ukuqina kwempawu. Ngaphezu kokudla okunomzimba okulinganiselayo, ukufakelwa ngomlomo kwemithi enesisindo esikhulu se-iron, i- vitamin B12 ne-mineral complexes kuyadingeka.
Ziyini izimpawu nezindlela zokwelapha ze-anemia yobunzima obunzima?
Uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lwe-anemia ekwelapheni lubonakala yizo zonke izimpawu ezibalwe ngaphambilini kanye nezibonakaliso ezengeziwe ezilandelayo:
- ukuzwela ukuzwela;
- i-tachycardia;
- ukuphefumula okukhulu nokuvame njalo;
- i-myocardial dystrophy;
- ukuhlanekezela kokuncintisana kokuncintisana nokuhogela;
- i-muscle atrophy;
- i-stomatitis;
- ukuwohloka kwekhono lesikhumba kanye nezinambuzane ezimangcwabeni ukuphulukisa;
- i-glossitis;
- ukungabikho komchamo;
- ukubhula okwesibhakabhaka kwamaphrotheni e-iso;
- ukwanda kwesikhathi eside ekushiseni komzimba kuya ku-37.5 degrees.
Ngokuya ngesimo se-anemia kanye nezici eziyiphuthumayo, kusetshenzwa indlela ephelele yokwelapha. Njengomthetho, ukuntuleka kwensimbi, i-hemolytic kanye ne-polyfactor anemia yokuqina kanzima kuncike kuphela ekunakekeleni iziguli ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okuqhubekayo kadokotela.