Indlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo eziwumshayabhuqe ukugoma. Ukugonywa kusuka ku-diphtheria kuya kubantu abadala kufakwe kuhlu lwezinyathelo ezidingekayo zokulondoloza ukuzivikela komzimba kumagciwane. Kubalulekile ukwenza njalo inqubo ngesikhathi, njengoba lesi sifo sithathelwana kakhulu futhi sidluliselwa ngamaconsi.
I-Diphtheria kubantu abadala
Lesi sifo sithukuthelwa yi-toxin, efihliwe yi-bacterium Corynebacterium diptheriae. Zithinta izitho zangasese zomphefumulo wokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi i-pharynx, amathoni kanye ne-larynx, kanye nomzimba wezitho zangaphakathi - amathumbu, izinso. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphuza ngokweqile kukhula, ukuphelelwa amandla, i-angina iyaqhubeka.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lesi sifo sinengozi kakhulu, sinesilinganiso sokufa kwabantu abantwababili nasesizukulwaneni esidala.
Ukugoma ngokumelene nodokotela we-diphtheria ngumuntu omdala
Inkambo yokugoma yizigaba ezintathu, kumele igcwaliswe usencane (engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18). Uma umuntu engagonywanga, ama-injection amabili ayenziwa kuqala ngekhefu lezinsuku ezingu-30, futhi umjovo wesithathu ezinyangeni ezingu-12.
Ukugonywa okuqhubekayo okuvela ku-diphtheria kuya kubantu abadala kwenziwa ngaseneminyaka eyishumi futhi kubizwa ngokuthi i-booster. Ikuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze inani eliningi lama-antibodies emzimbeni ku-agent ye causative yalesi sifo futhi usebenza njengendlela yokuvimbela ngempumelelo.
Umjovo ngokwawo awuqukethe ama-bacteria, kodwa kuphela ama-toxins awayekhipha. Ngakho-ke, impendulo efanele yegciwane lengculazi yenziwa ngaphandle kwengozi yezinkinga.
Ukugonywa kwabantu abadala ngokumelene ne-diphtheria kuhilela ukusebenzisa imithi ehlangene evimbela ukutheleleka hhayi nje kuphela ngenxa yesifo esibhekene nayo, kodwa futhi ne-tetanus kanye ne-poliomyelitis.
Izixazululo ezisetshenziswa - ADS-M Anatoxin (Russia) ne-Imovax DT Adult (France). Yomibili imithi iqukethe i-diphtheria ne-tetanus toxoid. Kubalulekile ukusungula izinga le-antitoxin emzimbeni wesiguli ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo. Ukuqwashiswa kwamagciwane okulwa ne-antidiphtheria kufanele kube okungenani amayunithi angu-1:40, namagciwane e-tetanus - 1:20.
Umuthi wokugoma wepholi ohlangene ubizwa nge-tetracock. Enqubo yokukhiqiza, ihamba ngezigaba eziningana zokuhlanzwa, ngakho-ke kuphephile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Akuvamile ukugoma abantu abadala kusukela ku-diphtheria ngokusetshenziswa kwe-monopreparation (AD-M Anatoxin). Kuboniswa ukuhlushwa okuphansi kwe-antitoxin egazini lomuntu noma uma igciwane lokugcina lenziwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-10 edlule.
Ukuvimbela ukuphikisana nokulwa nomuntu omdala we-diphtheria
Isimo esisodwa lapho umjovo ongeke wenziwe khona ukutholakala kokungenwa kwemithwalo yezinto ezibangelwa ubuthi.
Ukuphikisana okwesikhashana:
- ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe;
- isigaba esilula saso sonke isifo;
- Ukukhulelwa (ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-12).
Imiphumela kanye nezinkinga zokugoma ngokumelene ne-diphtheria ngumuntu omdala
Azikho izinkinga zempilo eziqhubekayo ezingabangeli ukugoma. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kunemiphumela emibi yesikhathi esifushane:
- coryza;
- i-otitis media;
- ukuvuselela nokuhlanganiswa kwezicubu ezithambile eduze nendawo lapho umjovo wenziwa khona;
- i-pharyngitis ;
- isifo sohudo;
- ukuqhuma isikhumba;
- i-bronchitis ;
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba (hhayi ngaphezu kwama-38 degrees);
- i-malaise;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ukuvuza nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba (endaweni yokujoza);
- i-dermatitis.
Ama-pathologies adalwe angadlulela ngokuzimela izinsuku ezingu-3-5, noma angeneka kahle ekwelashweni ngezinyathelo ezijwayelekile.
Kuze kube manje, akukho izinkinga ezibikwe ngemuva kokugoma ngokumelene ne-diphtheria, uma zonke izincomo zilandelwa ngaphambi kwenqubo nangemva kokugoma.