I-brronchitis i-inflammation ye-bronchi, evame ukusebenza njenge-complication ye-cold, igciwane noma i-ARVI. Ukwelashwa kwakhe akuvamile ukuhlinzeka ngaphandle kwama-antibacterial agents, lapho amabhaktheriya abangela ukuvuvukala azwela khona.
Kodwa-ke, imakethe yezokwelapha inkulu namuhla, futhi imikhiqizo eminingi elwa namagciwane idayiswa, okungase kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokumelene ne-bronchitis. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqhubekayo sizocubungula ama-antibiotic wesizukulwane esisha ku-bronchitis, futhi futhi unake abadala, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi okungenakusebenza kangako.
Uhlu lwamagciwane okulwa ne-bronchitis
Ngaphambi kokukhetha i-antibiotic, udinga ukunquma ukuthi yimaphi amaqembu akhona. Emithini yemithi, zonke izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane zihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana:
- i-beta-lactam; Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-penicillin ne-cephalosporins, i-monobactam kanye ne-carbapenems.
- i-macrolides;
- aminoglycosides;
- i-rifamycins;
- i-glycopeptides;
- i-ristomycins;
- ama-polymyxin;
- i-gramicidin;
- ama-antibiotics e-polyene.
Zonke lezi zigaba zama-antibiotics aqukethe ama-subgroups. Zihlukaniswe ngokwemigomo yokuchayeka amabhaktheriya, kanye nokuphumelela kokubhujiswa kwezinhlobo zazo ezihlukahlukene.
Isimiso sama-antibiotics:
- Ama-antibiotics avimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-bacterium, ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukubhekana nesifo ngokwawo: i-carbapenems, i-ristomycin, i-penicillin, i-monobactam, i-cephalosporins, i-cycloserine.
- Ama-antibiotic abhubhisa isakhiwo sezinambuzane ezinama-bacterium: ama-antibiotics e-polyene, ama-glycopeptides, ama-aminoglycosides, ama-polymyxins.
- Ama-antibiotics avimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-RNA (ezingeni lika-RNA polymerase): iqembu lama-rifamycins.
- Ama-antibiotics avimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-RNA (ezingeni lama-ribosomes): ama-macrolide, i-tetracyclines, i-linkomycins, i-levomycetin.
Ukwelashwa kwe-tracheitis ne-bronchitis ene-antibiotics
Uma i-bronchitis ilukhuni yi-tracheitis, ehlala njalo ibangelwa yi-staphylococci noma i-streptococci (ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu - ngamanye amabhaktheriya), bese kusetshenzwa imithi elwa namagciwane amakhulu. Isibonelo, i- Flemoxin soluteba isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa uma amasampula amabhaktheriya engazange athathwe, kanti odokotela abakwazi ukutshela ukuthi yiziphi ezibangele lesi sifo. Le antibiotic ibhekisela kumuchungechunge we-penicillin futhi ibhubhisa ama-bacteria ama-gram-positive nama-gram-negative.
Uma i-tracheitis ne- bronchitis zibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane, ama-antibiotic awasetshenzisiwe: kulesi simo, akuzona nje kuphela ezingasebenzi, kodwa futhi ayingozi, njengoba evikela ukuzivikela, futhi lokhu kuyandisa isikhathi sokugula.
Ama-antibiotics we-pneumonia ne-bronchitis
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-bronchitis ne-pneumonia kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi lokhu kudinga ukwelashwa okufanele. Ama-antibiotics asekelwe ku-levofloxacin angasebenza lapha. Lesi sizukulwane esisha, esilinganisweni esincane sinomthelela omkhulu ekulwa nezifo ezithathelwanayo zokuqina okulinganiselwe. E-pneumonia isetshenziselwa izinsuku ezingu-7-14 ngamaphilisi angu-1 noma amabili (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu), kucatshangwa ukuthi ithebhulethi eli-1 liqukethe 250 g yezidakamizwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis engapheli ngama-antibiotics
Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis engapheli kuncike ekutheni kunezinkinga. Isibonelo, nge-bronchitis engaqondakali, aminopenicillins kanye ne-tetracyclines kunqunywe. I-tetracycline ayinikezwa izingane.
E-bronchitis engapheli enezinkinga, ama-macrolides nama-cephalosporin anqunywe.
Ama-Macrolides wesizukulwane sokuqala aboniswa u-erythromycin ne-oleandomycin, kanti okwesithathu - yi-azithromycin.
I-Cephalosporins yesizukulwane sokuqala ihlanganisa i-cephalosin, kanti i-last for today - cefepime.
Ama-antibiotic we-bronchitis anqunywe uma ukwelashwa kumile. Ziphumelele kakhulu ngoba zisheshe zingene egazini. Ukukhethwa komjovo wama-antibiotic, njengomthetho, kuxhomeke kubhethriyamu ye-pathogen, kodwa uma kungaziwa, ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa kabanzi: i-ampicillin noma i-ceftriaxone. Ukwelashwa kuthatha okungenani izinsuku ezingu-7.