Labo okungenani abaye babhekana nokushaya kwenhliziyo bazi ukuthi akusijabulisi kanjani lesi siginci. Ukuzwa okuvuthayo, ukushisa, ubuhlungu, okutholakala endaweni yokugcwalisa i-epigastric, kungahambisane nezinye ukubonakaliswa, qhubeka isikhathi eside, ukuvimbela impilo yansuku zonke. Usizo ezimweni ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukuphuza amaphilisi.
Kungani kuvela ukuphuza?
Lesi sibonakaliso sibonakala ngokushesha ngemva kokudla ukudla noma iziphuzo noma emva kwesikhathi esithile emva kokudla. Ukuphazamiseka kuhlotshaniswa nomthelela embranini yamangqamuzana we-content of the content of the stomach, ephuma lapho ngaphesheya. Ngenxa yokuvezwa ngokufutheka kokuqukethwe kwesisu, okufaka i-acids, i-bile, i-enzyme yokugaya nezinye izingxenye, ukushisa nokuvuvukala kwezicubu kwenzeka.
Izimbangela zokuqubuka zingase zihlotshaniswe nesinye sezimo ezilandelayo ezihoxisa ukuhamba okuguqukayo kokuqukethwe kwesisu:
- ukunciphisa ithoni ye-sphincter esophageal - ephansi, ehlukanisa isisu nesisu, noma ngaphezulu, ukuhlukanisa i-pharynx ukusuka kulesisindo;
- ukwanda kwe-acidity yejuji yesisu;
- ukubuthakathaka komsebenzi wokuthutha we-esophagus (i-peristalsis empofu).
Lezi zenzakalo ziyisisekelo sezifo ezilandelayo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla:
- i-esophagitis ;
- isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal;
- ukusakaza i- spasm ye-esophagus ;
- i-gastritis;
- i-peptic ulcer;
- i-dyspepsia esebenzayo ;
- i-hernia ene-diaphragm kanye nabanye.
Ngama-pathologies anjalo, ukuqubuka kwenhliziyo kubonakala ngezinye izikhathi, ngokufana nezinye izimpawu. Abantu abanesimiso sokugaya ukudla ngokujwayelekile bangase bahlangane nesikhathi esifushane ngemuva kwe-sternum, ebangelwa yizici ezilandelayo:
- Ukudla ngokweqile;
- ukuzivocavoca ngokushesha ngemva kokudla;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezibukhali ngokweqile, ezinomsoco noma ezinamafutha;
- aphumule esikhundleni sokulala ngemva kokushiya itafula;
- ukwelashwa ngemithi ethile (i-antispasmodics, izidakamizwa zenhliziyo, izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka nabanye);
- sigqoke izingubo eziqinile;
- ukukhuluphala;
- ukubhema;
- ukuphathwa kabi kotshwala;
- ukucindezeleka;
- ukukhulelwa.
Iziphi amaphilisi ezisiza ekusizeni?
Ukwelashwa kwesisu kudingekile indlela edidiyelwe futhi kuhlanganisa ukuhambisana nokuphoqeleka kokudla okunempilo nokudla okunempilo, ukugwema imikhuba emibi, ukusebenzisa imithi kanye nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokuvamile, izidakamizwa ezisiza ukuqeda lesi sifo zinamafomu wephebhulethi, okwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa nokusabalalisa. Ukukhethwa kwalezi noma amaphilisi okuvela enhliziyweni kufanele kwenziwe ngudokotela ozokwazi ukuthola izimbangela zezinkinga futhi, ngokuhambisana nokuhlonza, anikeze imithi enezinqubo ezidingekayo zesenzo.
Ake sibhale ukuthi yimiphi amaphilisi okukhwabanisa angabekwa (amaqembu ajwayelekile yezidakamizwa):
- i-antacids ;
- ama-alginates;
- abavimba be-H2-histamine receptors;
- i-proton pump inhibitors;
- i-M-cholinolytics;
- prokinetics.
Amaphilisi okukhwabanisa asebenza kanjani?
Ake sicabange, ukuthi umphumela kanjani emzimbeni uhlinzeka ngamalungiselelo kusuka ekuguleni kwenhliziyo kwamanye amaqembu kubangele ngenhla:
- Ama-antacid agent - uma engena emgodini, lezi zidakamizwa ziyahlangana nejusi eguqukile, ngenxa yalokho i-asidi engathathi hlangothi ukwenza ifomu namanzi usawoti. Kanye nalokhu, ukwanda komkhiqizo we-mucus kuyacasula, okuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okungeziwe kwezindonga zesisu esiswini esilimazayo se-asidi. Lezi zidakamizwa zinikeza ukususwa okusheshayo kwesimiso, kodwa ungaphilisi izicubu ezithintekile futhi awukwazi ukuvimbela ukuvela kwenhliziyo futhi.
- Ama-alginate - amalungiselelo endala yemvelo . Amanoni e-alginic acid, angene ngaphakathi esiswini, angene ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali nge-esiswini ye-asidi, okuwumphumela wokuba ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezifana ne-gel. Ijelomu eliholayo libhekwa ngezinga elingenalo hlangothi le-asidi, livula izindonga zesisu nesisu ngefilimu eqinile evikelayo egcina amahora angu-4. Ngenxa yama-alginate, izinambuzane ezinamaqabunga ngokushesha zilulame, ukukhukhula kwamanzi kukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudalwe umgoqo ovimbela ukungenisa kwe-asidi esiswini ngaphakathi kwipayipi le-esophageal.
- I-H2-antihistamines - izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni, umphumela wayo ohlotshaniswa nokuvimbela ama-receptors we-mucosa yesisu, okuholela ekunciphiseni okubukhali ekukhiqizeni i-hydrochloric acid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi ecutshungulwayo ikhulisa ukwenziwa kwe-gastric mucus, yenza ngcono izinqubo ze-metabolic ezingxenyeni zamalungu okugaya, ukukhuthaza ukusimama komsebenzi wesisu nesisu. Ngokuvamile, lezi zidakamizwa zinconywa ukuphuza umoya okuhlobene nokukhiqizwa okwenyuka kwe-asidi esiswini.
- Ama-agent weqembu le-proton pump inhibitors enza ngokuvimbela ama-enzyme athile, ngaleyo ndlela anciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrochloric acid ngamathisamu esiswini. Njengemithi yangaphambilini, i-antisecretory futhi iyanconywa izifo ezisekelwe ku-asidi yesistimu yokugaya, Nokho, lezi zidakamizwa zinikeza umphumela ohlala isikhathi eside ngokusabela okuncane okubi.
- I-m-cholinolytics ekhethiwe yizipilisi ezingaphilile zokuphuza, ezivimbela umphumela wesimiso sezinzwa ze-parasympathetic (i-vagus nerve) ekusithekeni kwe-hydrochloric acid kanye ne-pepsin, ngaphandle kokuvimbela ama-receptors e-M-cholinergic wezinhlayiya zensiza, izinhliziyo nezinye izitho. Njengamanje, azivami ukusetshenziselwa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi eminingi embi.
- Umphumela wezidakamizwa zeprokineti uhlotshaniswa nokuqaliswa kokuhamba kwezintambo zamathumbu (ukuthuthukiswa kwe-motility). Lezi zidakamizwa zingathuthukisa ithoni ye-sphincter engezansi, eyenza ukuphuma okusheshayo kwesisu nokuvimbela ukuhlanekezela. Ngokuvamile ama-prokinetics anconywa ukwelashwa kwezimo ezihambisane nokushaya inhliziyo, isicasuli, umzwelo wokugulisa isisu.
Amathebulethi wezinhlamvu -
Ukuphuza amaphilisi ukuphuza, uhlu oluhlaba umxhwele kakhulu, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zokucabangela. Umthelela wezidakamizwa kufanele uqondiswe ekuqedeni lezozinqubo eziphathelene nezifo ezibangela ukubonakaliswa okungenakuzwakala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma udinga ukwelashwa okude, kubalulekile ukuthola amaphilisi aphansi kakhulu, kuyilapho ikhwalithi iphinde iphumelele. Ngezansi sizocubungula kafushane amathuluzi athandwayo athandwayo.
Amathebulethi avela ku-Heartburn Omez
Lezi amaphilisi asebenzayo okuphuza ukuphuza (noma kunalokho, ama-capsules), akhiqizwa ukukhathazeka kwemithi yamaNdiya. I-Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Isidakamizwa singeqembu lama proton pump inhibitors futhi linikeza ukumelana nokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrochloric acid esiswini. Isithako esisebenzayo yi-omeprazole. Umphumela uthola emva kwamahora angu-1-2 futhi uhlala usuku.
Amathebulethi Omeprazole Yokuphuza Inhliziyo
Ngaphansi kwaleli gama, elihambisana nemithi esebenzayo, amaphilisi akhiqizwa ekuguleni kwenhliziyo okungabizi, abafuywayo (abakhiqizi baseRussia - iNizhpharm, Akrihin). Ngokusekelwe kwisithako esisebenzayo, umthelela wokuthi lezi mikhiqizo zikhiqiza kusuka ekuguleni kwenhliziyo kanye nesisu somzimba kunesidingo semithi yangaphambilini. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi i-omeprazole njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi iyasiza kakhulu ekutheleleni umgogodla wokugaya nge-bacterium Helicobacter pylori - isifo sezilonda ezilonda izifo njalo.
Amathebulethi avela ku-Ranitidine enzima
Leli mithi yokwephuka kwenhliziyo, umenzi wayo-inkampani yaseSerbia "iHemofarm", i-blocker ye-H2-histamine receptors yesizukulwane sesibili ngesithako esisebenzayo ranitidine hydrochloride. Isidakamizwa siqala ukusebenza masinyane emva kokuthatha futhi siqhubeke nomphumela wayo, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hydrochloric acid nomthamo wejuji esiswini, okwandisa i-pH esiswini ngamahora angu-12.
Pustaevsky - amaphilisi okwephuza
Isidakamizwa esicatshangelwayo singokwamafutha okudla futhi sikhiqizwa yi-Ukrainian pharmaceutical enterprise "Technologist". Lezi zibhebhe ezibonakalayo zivela ekuguleni kwenhliziyo nge-flavour eziningana, izithako ezisebenzayo kuzo i-magnesium ne-calcium carbonate-antacids. Isidakamizwa asihambisani ne-hydrochloric acid mahhala emgodini wokugaya ukudla, okwengeza ngaphezu kokuntuleka komzimba we-calcium ne-magnesium. I-Pozhaevsky - amaphilisi okuphuza, okusiza ngesikhathi esifushane ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle, kodwa ihlala isikhathi esifushane.
Amathebulethi asuka ekuguleni kwenhliziyo uGaviscon
Lezi yi-alginate amaphilisi okuphuza, okhiqizwa nguReckitt Benckiser (UK). Izingxenye ezisebenzayo zalesi sidakamizwa: i-alginate ye-sodium, i-sodium hydrogen carbonate, i-calcium carbonate. Isidakamizwa lapho sifaka isimiso sokusisusa emathunjini sakha ifilimu evikelayo, esiza ukubuyisela izicubu futhi ivikele ukulimala kwabo yizingxenye ezinonya. Ukuqala ukwenza ngemuva kwamaminithi ambalwa, lezi zibhebhe zokugubha izinhliziyo zivikela izicubu ezinamaqabunga ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla zingakapheli amahora amane.
Amaphilisi okwephuza i-Gastal
Ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi amaphilisi okuzophuza ngokushaya inhliziyo, iziguli eziningi zithola isincomo sokuthatha i-Gastal, eyenziwe nguPliva Hrvatska (Croatia). I-antacid enezinto ezisebenzayo ze-aluminium hydroxide-magnesium carbonate gel kanye ne-magnesium hydroxide, evumela ukuthi i-acidity ye-gastric secretion iqede futhi iqede izidakamizwa zokudoba. Umphumela uqala ngokushesha futhi uhlala amahora amabili.
Amaphilisi wokukala ukushaya kwenhliziyo
Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kanye nokuqaphela kwezokwelapha, amaphilisi angcono kakhulu ekuphefumuleni angabonakala ohlwini olulandelayo:
- Almagel.
- I-Maalox .
- Omeprazole.
- Zulbex.
- I-Ranitidine.
- Amapayipi.
- I-Gaviscon.
- Renny.
Amathebulethi okugubha amantombazane abesifazane abakhulelwe
Umuthi wokwehla isisu kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe, okungalimazi ingane, kumele kukhethwe ngomthwalo okhethekile. Ngalokhu kudingekile ukuthi ukhulume nodokotela ozokweluleka ukulungiselela okuphephile nakakhulu. Ake sibhale lezo zimali ezivunyelwe ukuthatha isikhathi sokubeletha ingane:
- I-Gaviscon;
- I-Almagel;
- I-Gastricid;
- Rennie;
- I-Phosphalugel ;
- Rutatsid.