Lesi sitshalo semifino sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwe-agronomists yama-amateur, ukuze ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi endaweni engasesekuhlala kuyo ngeke kulahlekelwe ukuhambisana kwayo. Ubuhle besitshalo yizindawo zayo ezinamakha ezibabayo nezinzuzo ezinkulu zezempilo. It isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi fresh, nakuba izimpande celery kukhonjiswe zokupheka nge ukwelashwa ukushisa ngenkathi ukupheka. Ngakho, kanjani ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kusayithi lakho?
Indlela yokutshala i-celery?
Kuphelele, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi esikoleni: izimpande, cherezkovy kanye namaqabunga. Kuye ngalokhu, ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kuya emhlabathini ovulekile kuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, izimpande zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi zikhula kuphela ngokusebenzisa izithombo, kuyilapho iqabunga nesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kungatshalwa ngokushesha ensimini. Kodwa-ke, uma utshala izitshalo ezinamagatsha ezitshalweni, usuvele unayo imifino enomnandi, enomnandi kwi-window sill ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Indlela yokutshala imbewu ye-celery?
Ngokuvamile kunezinye izinhlobo, izimpande ze-celery ziyalinywa. Igcinwe kahle kakhulu, iningi liyakhula ukuze lizibonele izitshalo zokuqothula amavithamini ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukuqala izithombo ezikhulayo kusukela entwasahlobo. Indlela yokutshala imbewu yesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi:
- Ephakathi noma ngasekupheleni kukaFebruwari, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu - ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, udinga ukuqala umsebenzi wokulungiselela, okuzokwenza uthole amabhokisi nezinsizakalo. Amabhokisi angasetshenziswa noma yikuphi. Njengesiqala se-celery, kukhona ingxube ye-turf nama-humus ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Ngezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, kufanele ichithe amanzi ngokubilisa ngamanzi abilayo.
- Ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kufanele kuqale ngokucubungula imbewu. Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokulungiselela kwabo izoxoxwa ngezansi.
- Imbewu elungiselelwe kufanele ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini ehlanjulisiwe, ukuphumelela emiphakathini yomlambo ukujula okungaba ngu-1 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu kumele kube ngu-4-5 cm.Kuvela phezulu, angeke ihlanganiswe nomhlaba - ngakho-ke bayokhuphuka ngokushesha.
- Isiqukathi esinemifino yesilasha sihlanganiswa nefilimu noma ingilazi futhi igcinwe ekamelweni elinokushisa kwe +24 ... 25 ° С. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, izinga lokushisa liyancipha libe ngu-16 ° C.
- Ukuze uthole izithombo zekhwalithi, kungcono ukunikeza ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kusengaphambili.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-25 emva kokutshala, uma sekukhona amaqabunga ama-2-3 kakade ezitshalweni, ukukhethwa kwenziwa ngezimbiza ezihlukene nge-pinching yempande ngesithathu. Lokhu kuyadingeka ekuthuthukiseni okujwayelekile kwempande nokuthola i-rhizome ephezulu yekhwalithi esikhathini esizayo.
Indlela yokucubungula kahle imbewu ye-celery ngaphambi kokutshala?
Njengoba imbewu ayikwazi ukukhuliswa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulungiselela, ukulungiselela kwabo kwangaphambili kwenziwa. Indlela yokuvuza imbewu yesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ngaphambi kokutshala: lokhu ungasebenzisa i-gauze emanzi. Okokuqala, imbewu emaphoyiseni we-gauze ifakwe ngaphansi komfudlana wamanzi ashisayo imizuzu embalwa, futhi emva kwalokho-bayifaka emanzini afudumele izinsuku ezintathu. Ukuze uthole ukungenwa yi-disinfection, ungafaka imbewu kuqala kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate amahora amaningana. Emva kokuhamba, imbewu iyomile ephepheni bese isetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela.
Indlela yokutshala izimpande ze-celery?
Ukutshala kwezimpande zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kunezici ezithile:
- ukuthi ukutshala nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile we-celery kwaba yimpumelelo, kungcono ukhethe izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala, kanti izitshalo zabo zizothola isikhathi sokuvuthwa;
- Lolu hlobo lwesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kudinga isikhala esiningi kuneqabunga noma cherezkova, ngoba uhlelo lokutshala lubanzi;
- izandulela phambili ezimpandeni zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi - ukhukhamba kanye neklabishi, okwakungeniswa kuwo amanani amakhulu okudalwa kwezinto eziphilayo;
- Akukaze kudingekile ukufaka umhlabathi we-celery oyisimpande; ngokuphambene nalokho, kuvame ukukhokhiswa ngokuvuthwa okungcono.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-celery emhlabathini ovulekile
I-celery yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile yenziwa embhedeni olungiselelwe ngaphambilini ngehlabathi elivulekile nelitshalisayo, elilungiselelwe kusukela ekwindla. Ukuze isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ukuthuthukisa izimpande ezingaphansi, awudingi izithombo zomhlabathi ezijulile futhi akukho cala ongakwazi ukugcwalisa umhlabathi ngephuzu elikhulayo. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo, hhayi nje impande. Engadini, ama-grooves akwenziwa futhi atshalwe kuwo, ehambisana nenqubo ngokuchelela okuningi.
Lapho ukutshala i-celery?
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi kungcono ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi. Ukukhethwa kwendawo kuyoxhomeka empumelelweni yomcimbi wonke. Kulesi sitshalo, kungcono ukukhetha isayithi ngelanga eliqondile noma ukukhanya okulula futhi ngaphandle kwemidwebo. Emthunzini owodwa amahlamvu azoba mnandi kakhulu. Ngokuqinisekile, ukukhiqiza inhlabathi endaweni ekhethiwe kufanele kwandiswe ngokusebenzisa umquba obolile kanye nokufaka umquba we- phosphoric ka-7 no-10 kg ngemitha yesikwele. Yenza lokhu kusukela ekuwa.
Uma izinga le-asidi yenhlabathi landa, yenze lingathathi hlangothi (njengesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi), ungangeza i-lime kanye nama-fertilizer. Entwasahlobo, uma ugoba emibhedeni, i-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-manganese umquba ifakwe ngaphezu kokubala kwe-4, 5 no-2 g ngemitha yesikwele. Ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi endaweni elungiselelwe ngale ndlela kuyokwenza imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Kude kangakanani ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi?
Ibanga eliphakathi kwesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi lapho kutshalwa kufanele kube cishe okulandelayo: 30 cm phakathi kwezitshalo no-40 cm emkhatsini wemigqa, uma kungumbuzo wezinhlobo zezimpande zesitshalo. Isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye namaqabunga esilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi angatshalwa eduze - kude no-15-25 cm, ngoba abadingi isikhala esiningi, njengezimpande. Uma kukhona izithombo eziningi, ungalitshala kakhulu, futhi njengoba ukhula, susa amahlumela abuthakathaka, unciphise imibhede. Ekugcineni, ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngu-15-20 cm ngesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye namaqabunga esilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye nama-25-40 emmpandeni.
Isilimo sikhilimu - isikhathi sokutshala
Awudingi ukusheshisa ukutshala izithombo ze-celery empande emibhedeni. Ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ingozi ye-snap ebusika ebusuku. Kungcono ukulinda phakathi noma ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele kwenziwe ngosuku olufufayo, okungcono kunabo bonke - ekuseni. Isimo sezulu esifudumele emva kokutshala kumele sigcine isonto - lokhu kuzokwenza imiphumela emihle kakhulu ekusindeni kwezithombo endaweni entsha.
Indlela yokutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi - izici zokutshala izinhlobo ezahlukene
Noma yisiphi isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, okwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo eziyisisekelo, kungcono ngokukhulekelwa yi-seedling method. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemifino ayikwazi ukutshala nganoma iyiphi enye indlela, kanti amaqabunga kanye ne-petiolate kwezinye izimo banikeza umphumela omuhle ngisho nalapho imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi endaweni evulekile
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zeqabunga lamagilebhisi:
- izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa "i-Kartuli" - kuye kwanda ukumelana nesomiso nokubandayo, kunezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitheka;
- ukuvuna phakathi "uZakhar", "Samurai" - bahlukaniswa isivuno esikhulu kanye nephunga elikhulu elimnandi.
Uma ufuna kuqala ukuzama ukutshala imifino yesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, kungcono ukwazi kusengaphambili indlela yokutshala kahle isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi. Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ayiphumelelanga ngempela, ngoba ekuqaleni kokukhula kwezithombo zikhula kakhulu buthakathaka futhi kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokulima imvamisa ivame ukusetshenziswa. Imbewu, njengasendabeni yesilimo esidliwayo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, kufanele ihlelwe isiteji sokulungiselela - igwebe endaweni efudumele efudumele ngamalanga ambalwa.
Imbewu elungiselelwe ingeneke ngokuphelele engxenyeni yenhlabathi ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMashi, iziqukathi zembewu zihlanganiswa nefilimu futhi zinikeze izinga lokushisa elizinzile lika-20 ° C. Ngemuva kokuvela, izinga lokushisa liyancipha libe ngu-15 ° C. Ukuze izithombo zikhule kahle futhi ziqine ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwayo emhlabathini ovulekile, idinga ukukhanya okungeziwe nokuphuza okuvamile. Esimeni samaqabunga amabili wangempela, izithombo zihanjiswa zibe izimbiza ezizimele, zibopha umgogodla. Emhlabathini ovulekile, lesi sitshalo singatshala ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, sigcine uhlelo lwe-25x25 cm.
Ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi:
- izinhlobo zakuqala "Pascal", "igolide, i-Malachite";
- "Tango" ephakathi-ukuvuthwa okuphezulu, ukubukeka okugcina isikhathi eside okukhangisa, kunezimfanelo ezinhle zokunambitheka;
- Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Triumph ezikwephuzile ziyalinywa emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ovikelwe.
Ukutshala nokutshala kwe-celery ebusisiwe akufani nokuhlwanyelwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezinamagatsha noma ezimpande. Umehluko luqala esiteji sokutshala izithombo endaweni evulekile. Okokuqala, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi ahlwanyelwe sitshalwe ngokujulile kunokutshala kwe-root celery emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukujula kokutshala kungaba ngu-10 cm. Kamuva, lapho ama-petioles eqala ukweqa futhi afake, ahlanganiswe noma ahlanganiswe ngephepha. Ngakho baqeda ukufutheka futhi bakwenze kube ngethenda futhi kunomsoco. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-white petioles.
Yini ongatshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi endaweni engadini eyodwa?
Ukusebenzisana kwezitshalo ezikhulayo kuvame ukuhle. Ngakho-ke, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi nesiphunga sawo siphenduka izinambuzane eziningi zezitshalo. Kulolu daba, yena ngokwakhe endaweni ehlala nabo ukhula ngisho nangaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izitshalo ongahlwanyela amaqabunga amaqabunga:
- ubhontshisi;
- iklabishi;
- anyanisi;
- i-tomato;
- ikhukhamba.
Ukutshala iklabishi nge-celery
Ukutshala okuhlanganisiwe kwesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye nekholifulawa, kanye neklabishi omhlophe, kunikeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu. Iphunga lesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi igwema i-butterfly-whitewood ne-fleas yasebumba, futhi iklabishi ishesha ukuthuthukiswa kwesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi. Kudingekile ukuthi ukhethe izinhlobo ezincane zokuvuthwa kweklabishi noma uzitshale kude ukuthi kuzovumela isitshalo ngasinye ukuba sithole isabelo sayo sokukhanya. Uma kungenjalo, ukutshala kwesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kuzokwenziwa ngamaqabunga eklabishi, futhi ngeke kube nesikhathi sokwenza ngokujwayelekile.
Ngiyakwazi yini ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi eduze kwamatamatisi
Utamatisi nesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi zizwa kahle kakhulu endaweni. Uma ungasazi ukuthi yini ongayitshala eduze nesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, uzitshale ngesibindi ezindaweni eziseduze izithombo zamatamatisi. Ngokuvamile, utamatisi uhambisana nenani elincane lezinye izitshalo, ngenxa yalokho abakucabangela ubugovu, kodwa nge-celery "ubungane" abaye bahluma: uketshezi lwesithombo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kunomphumela omuhle kunamatamatisi, kukhwabanisa izilokazane, utamatisi futhi ubahlinzekela ngezinga elihle lokumisa, ukuze i-celery ikhule ivumelana kakhulu.