I-pathology lapho inhliziyo, nganoma iziphi izizathu, iyeka ukuqhuma igazi ngamandla ajwayelekile, ibizwa ngokuthi ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okungapheli (CHF) - kuvame kakhulu phakathi kweziguli asebekhulile. Ngenxa yokuthi inhliziyo, njengepompo ephosakeleyo, ayikwazi ukuphefumula ngokugcwele igazi, zonke izitho zomzimba nezicubu ziqala ukubhekana nokulahlekelwa kokubili oksijini nezakhi.
Izimpawu Zokuhluleka Kwezinhliziyo Zengapheli
Uma i-CHF ibonakala ngezikhalazo mayelana:
- ukuphefumula ;
- ukushayela njalo;
- ubuhlungu ku-hypochondrium efanele;
- ukukhathala okukhulu;
- i-cyanosis yezindebe, iminwe, izinzwane;
- i-edema (emikhawulweni ephansi kakhulu).
Odokotela bathola lokhu okulandelayo kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli, okubonisa ukuqina kwesifo:
- I FC (isigaba sokusebenza) - isiguli siholela endleleni yokuphila, hhayi ukukhawulela umsebenzi wakhe womzimba; ayitholi i-dyspnea ne-headhead ngaphansi kwemithwalo evamile.
- I-FC FC - isiguli siyasizwa kabi ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngokomzimba (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ubuthakathaka, i-dyspnea), ngenxa yokuthi kufanele ibenciphise; ekuphumuleni, umuntu uzizwa ekhululekile.
- I-III FC - isiguli ikakhulukazi esimweni sokuphumula, i-tk. ngisho nemithwalo encane ibangela izici ze-syndrome yezibonakaliso ezingapheli zenhliziyo.
- I-IV FC - ngisho nokuphumula isiguli siqala ukuzwela; Umthwalo omncane nje ukwandisa ukungakhululeki.
Ukuqaphela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheliyo
Ngokuvamile, i-CHF ingumphumela wokunganaki ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zenhliziyo. Kuyenzeka, njengomthetho, ngokumelene nesizinda sesifo se-ischemic (ikakhulukazi emadodeni), isifo somfutho wegazi (ikakhulukazi kubabesifazane), isifo senhliziyo, i-myocarditis, i- cardiomyopathy , isifo sikashukela, ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala.
Abantu asebekhulile benqaba ukuvakashela udokotela, bebona ukuphelelwa amandla kwengqondo okungapheli njengesigaba esingenakugwenywa sokuguga kwabo. Eqinisweni, ukusola kokuqala kwe-CHF kufanele kuqondiswe ku-cardiologist.
Udokotela uzofunda i-anamnesis, anikeze i-ECG kanye ne-echocardiogram, kanye ne-x ray yezingaphakathi zangaphakathi nokuhlolwa kwegazi, umchamo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuxilongwa ukuhlonza isifo senhliziyo esibangele ukuhluleka, futhi uqale ukuwuphatha.
Ukwelashwa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli
Ukwelashwa okusetshenziselwa i-CHF kuhloswe ku:
- ukunciphisa noma ukuqedwa kwemibonakaliso ye-pathology engabangela ukuhlukumeza isiguli;
- ukuvikelwa kwemithambo yegazi, izinso, ubuchopho, inhliziyo (okubizwa ngokuthi izitho zangasese);
- ukwanda esikhathini sokuphila komuntu ophethwe yi-CHF;
- ukunciphisa kwenani lezibhedlela.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology kufakwa kanje:
- ukwelapha eziyisisekelo - i-ACE inhibitors, i-diuretics, i-beta-blockers, i-glycosides yenhliziyo;
- abathintekayo be-therapy - calcium channel, aldosterone abaphikisi kanye nama-receptors angiotensin II;
- ukwelashwa okusizayo - i-vasodilator yendawo yokusebenza, izidakamizwa, izidakamizwa, ama-corticosteroids, i-anticoagulants eqondile, izitembu.
Ukondleka kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheliyo
Ngaphezu kwemithi ibeka ukwelashwa okungewona ukwelashwa kwe-CHF, okusho ukudla. Iziguli zinconywa ukuba ziphuze okungenani amagremu angu-750 wamanzi, bese unciphisa inani losawoti ekudleni kuya ku-1.2 - 1.8 g. Ezimweni ezimbi (i-IV FK), kuvunyelwe ukudla kuze kufike ku-1 g usawoti ngosuku.
Ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli, isiguli sithola izincomo mayelana nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Okuwusizo kulokhu kuyisithuthuthu sokuzivocavoca noma ukuhamba imizuzu engu-20 ngosuku ngokulawulwa kwenhlalakahle.