I-gland yegciwane iyingxenye yesistimu ye-endocrine. Itholakala entanyeni futhi ihlanganisa ama-hormone abalulekile ekugcineni i-homeostasis yomzimba ezingeni elifanele. Izimpawu zesifo segciwane kulabo besifazane kaningi kunzima ukuzinquma, ngoba ngezifo ngokuvamile kuhluleka kwe-hormonal, okulimaza kakhulu ukusebenza komzimba wonke.
Izibonakaliso zesifo segciwane kulabo besifazane - i-goiter namaqhosha
I-goiter yisifo lapho kukhona ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid. Lokhu ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-iodine. Ngokuvamise kakhulu lesi simo sikhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - ngalesi sikhathi lapho umzimba ungalutholi ngalesi simo. I-gland yegciwane iyakhula ngokwanele ukukhokhela ukungabi khona kwe-iodine.
Uma umzimba ungenakuqeda ukuntuleka - ama-node ashisayo noma abandayo angavela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo sisongela ukungasebenzi komzimba.
Ngokuvamile izimpawu zesifo zingabonakala kuphela ngokubukeka. Uma i-goiter igxila ebukhulu obukhulu, ingabangela izinkinga zokuphefumula, njengoba izobeka ingcindezi ku-trachea. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinkinga ngokugwinya nokwesaba. Lokhu okugcina kungenxa yesibindi esivuthayo esiphezulu, esise-larynx.
Izimpawu zesifo se-thyroid kubantu besifazane - i-adenoma
I-Adenoma shchitovidki iyisisu esinamandla. Ngefomu, kufana nefindo le-oval noma nxazonke. I-capsule ichazwe ngokucacile. Lesi sifo siqala kancane. Kwenzeka kubantu banobuphi ubudala. Ngokuvamile, abamele isigaba esibuthakathaka.
Uma inqubo yokukhula ngesizathu esithile isheshayo - kungase kube nezinkinga ngenxa yokucindezela izindawo eziseduzane. Kukhona usongo olungaba khona lokuba umdlavuza.
Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane emva kweminyaka engama-40. Naphezu kokuthi i-adenoma ayifuni kwezinye izindawo, isabhekwa njengesifo esiyingozi.
Lesi sifo sithinta igciwane le-thyroid ukuze umthamo omkhulu we-hormone uqale ukukhishwa kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kunciphisa umsebenzi we-pituitary gland, kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-thyrotropin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izicubu ezihlobene nalesi sitho nazo zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa.
Izimpawu ezisemqoka yizi:
- ukuhluleka kwe-hormone ;
- ukubukeka kwezinkinga emzimbeni ongazange kubonwe ngaphambilini;
- ubuhlungu entanyeni;
- ukuphefumula okungahambi kahle (ekuqaleni kwesigaba).
Yiziphi izimpawu zesifo segciwane kulabo besifazane abonakala ku-cyst?
I-cyst ye-thyroid iyisisu esinobuthi besayizi encane ene-colloidal filling. Ikhula kancane kancane. Ngokutholakala ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, ungaphulukisa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ngokuvamile lesi sifo siphuthuka kancane ngaphandle kwempawu. Ngokuvamile, itholakala lapho kuhlolwa uhlelo lwe-endocrine kwezinye izifo. Izibonakaliso zokuqala zivela kuphela uma ukwakheka kukhulu - kungangena kumamitha amathathu ububanzi bese kuvele kubonakale kubukeka. Njengoba lesi sifo sikhula, siqala ukuletha ukungathandeki, okumele sikhokhelwe ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Ezigaba zokuqala, ubuchwepheshe bokulondoloza ulwazi busetshenziswa. Ngezinye izikhathi i-cyst ngokwayo ixazulula. Kunezibonakaliso eziningana eziyinhloko zokubonakala kwalesi sifo:
- Ukushushiswa emqaleni;
- isisindo esivamile nesingavamile;
- ubuhlungu emqaleni nangenhloko, engenayo enye incazelo;
- izikhukhula ;
- ukuguqulwa kwemigqa yentamo;
- ngezinye izikhathi i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe.
Izimpawu zesifo segciwane kubantu besifazane - umdlavuza
I-cancer ye-gland yegciwane iyisisu esibi kakhulu. Isizathu esiyinhloko yi-heredity.
Azikho izimpawu ezithile ezibonisa lesi sifo.
- ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-tumor nokuhamba kwayo;
- ukuzwakalisa;
- ama-lymph glands amaningi.
Esinye isibonakaliso esicacile, kodwa isibonakaliso sesifo segilo kulabo besifazane ukukhwehlela. Kukhona umuzwa womphimbo obuhlungu nokuphefumula. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo ezinyathelweni zokuqala kuqinisekisa ukutholakala okukhulu kunokwenzeka.