Amaqabunga - imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo, indlela yokuvimbela amaphutha ngesikhathi sokutshala?

Kuze kube maduzane nje, izakhamuzi zasezindaweni eziseningizimu kuphela kuphela okungenzeka zikhule zihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngemizamo yabalimi, ama-eggplants avele, imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo ibenza baqoqe isitshalo esinomkhuba kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulu. Iqinisekisa ukuphumelela kokunamathela ngokuqinile kuyo yonke imithetho yokutshala imifino e-moody.

Izithombo ze-isitshalo seqanda - ukulima nokunakekelwa

Isitshalo seqanda yisiko lesitshalo eside. Kusuka kumbewu yokuhlwanyela ukuthola i-fetus ekulungele ukudla, akudluli izinsuku ezingaphansi kuka-120-150. Ngakho-ke, kwabaningi, indlela ephela yokuzama ama-arborini akho ukhula izithombo. Phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo lesi siko asiyona ize sinenkazimulo enkulu kakhulu. Ukuthola isisindo esihle nokukwazi ukunikeza isithombo seminye yezitshalo kuyodingeka ukuthi kulungiswe: lungiselela inhlabathi enomsoco futhi evulekile ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi, unikeze izinga lokushisa elifanele (+23 ... +25 ° C) nokukhanya (okungenani amahora angu-10 ngosuku) umbuso.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala ama-eggplant on izithombo?

Amagama okutshala amaqabunga for izithombo anqunywa izimo zezulu esifundeni ngasinye kusukela kubalwa ukuthi Kunconywa ukuhambisa izithombo ensimini eneminyaka engu-55. Ama-eggplants, imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo ezenziwe ngokuphula le mithetho yinkimbinkimbi futhi yinde isikhathi eside, ngokulibaziseka kuqala ukuqhakaza nokuthela izithelo. Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imisebenzi siwela ezinsukwini ezinhlanu zokugcina zikaFebruwari nezinsuku zokuqala ezingu-5 kuMashi.

Ukucubungula imbewu yeqanda ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imizamo yokukhulisa izithombo ayiyona ize, kubalulekile ukucubungula imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda:

1. Ukuhlunga. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa imbewu egcwele (ephilayo) kusuka ezingenalutho. Ukwenza lokhu, lungiselela isisombululo sikasawoti (ama-gramu angu-50 ngesigamu samanzi) bese ubhala imbewu kuyo imizuzu engu-5-7. Yonke imbewu ephakanyiswa phezulu ilahliwe, kanti labo abahlala phansi bahlanzwa futhi bomile ukuze kusetshenziswe okunye.
2. Ukukhishwa kanzima. Ivikela ama-bacterial and viral diseases. Isixazululo se-1% se-manganese, isisombululo se-3% se-hydrogen peroxide noma ukulungiselela okukhethekile "iFitosporinM" kufanelekile. Ngemuva kokugezela ihora lesigamu kwisisombululo se-disinfectant, imbewu ihlanjululwa ngamanzi abandayo begodu isomile.

Indlela yokutshala ama-eggplants ngezithombo ngendlela efanele?

Ukutshala imbewu ye-aubergine ibe izithombo kuhlukile ngokuhlwanyela ezinye izitshalo zemifino - akwanele ukuhlwanyela kuzo izithombo ezigcwala inhlanganisela yenhlabathi engafanele. Kuzodingeka:

1. Amandla. Uhlelo lwempande yalesi siko lunomusa futhi alubekezeli ukukhathazeka okungadingekile. Indlela ephephile kakhulu yokuyivikela iyoba indlela yokulima, lapho ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-isitshalo sezithombo kufakwe amaphilisi we-peat , amakhasethi noma izinkomishi.
2. Ingxube yomhlabathi. Izitshalo zokugaya zidinga izibili zombili futhi zigcwele izakhi. Kulesi simo, ukusabela kwenhlabathi kufanele kufinyelele kulowo ongathathi hlangothi. Ungasebenzisa le recipe: umhlaba wegadi (izingxenye ezimbili), i-peat, isihlabathi, i-humus (ingxenye engu-1) nomlotha omncane (ukunciphisa ama-asidi).
3. Umbuso wokushisa. Inqubo yokuhluma iqala ekushiseni okungenani + 23 ° C. Kodwa ngenxa yokuvuselela kwayo, kunconywa ukuncintiswa kwezinsuku ezincane (kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-5) kwenzalo ezayo epholile (hhayi ngenhla + 17 ° C).
4. Ukunisela. Ama-eggplants, ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo ezikhiqizwa enhlabathini enomswakama kahle, akudingi izinsuku zokuqala ezingu-3-5 ekutheni. Njengoba ubuso obomile bomhlaba kufanele buhanjiswe ngokucophelela nge-spray, bezama ukugeza izitshalo.

Ama-eggplant emanzini - ukutshala izithombo

Abanikazi be-dacha abanolwazi kufanele bathande indlela yokuhluma kwembewu eyenzeka ngayo emgqeni oqoshiwe ( cochlea ) wesigcawu sefilimu. Izithombo ku-cochlea zanda kanje:

1. Kunezinhlamvu ezimbalwa zephepha lezindlu zangasese ezibekiwe phezu kwefilimu.
2. Ngesisindo sika 2-3 cm, imbewu ihlelwe futhi ihlanganiswe ngendwangu eyodwa ngaphezulu kwephepha phezulu. Ibanga ukusuka emaphethelweni aphezulu naphansi we-tape kufanele ibe yi-1 no-5 cm.
3. Izitshalo ziyanamanzi ngamanzi afudumele kusuka esitsheni se-spray.
4. I-tape ifakwe ngendunwe futhi ifakwe enkundleni, ngenkathi ingqimba layo elingaphansi lihlanganiswe ukuze lenze ingilazi engcono.
5. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, i-ribbon iyavela, inhlabathi iyasakazeka phezu kwamahlumela, bese isakhiwo sibuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala.
6. Esikhathini sesigaba samabili ushiya izithombo zihanjiswa ngamathangi ngamanye.

Ukutshala i-aubergine ngezinsizakalo kumaphilisi e-peat

Vikela uhlelo lwempande kumonakalo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo ngokutshala izitshalo ze-isitshalo se-peat amaphilisi angama-4 cm. Omunye noma ama-granules amaningana agxiliwe emgodini phakathi kwawo ngamunye, futhi zonke izibhebhe zifakwa esitsheni esijulile esineziqephu (ikakhulukazi ngezimbobo zokugeleza phansi) kwezinye ibanga kusuka komunye nomunye ukuvimbela impande yokungena. Nisela kakhulu futhi eningi kakhulu. Umthamo ubeka endaweni encane yokushisa emincane (ngaphansi kweglasi noma ifilimu) futhi ithunyelwe endaweni efudumele yokuhluma.

Indlela yokunakekela izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda?

Ngemuva kokuvela emkhakheni wezinsizakalo zokukhula okuqala, ukunakekelwa komhlali wehlobo kuyanda kaningi. Ukunakekela izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda emva kokuhluma kuhlanganisa:

1. Ukunisela. Isidingo somswakama wokuphila emasibergini izikhathi eziningana kakhulu kunezinye zabameleli bomndeni waseSolanaceae. Lokhu kubangelwa amaqabunga amakhulu kanye nokuqina okukhulu kwezinqubo zokukhuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi angaphezu kwalesi sitshalo akuyona into eyingozi kakhulu kunokuntuleka kwawo. I-golden mean - ukuchelela izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto ngokuma amanzi (+ 25-30 ° C).
2. Ukudla. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi izithombo zidinga ukudla okunomsoco, ukubonakala kwalo kuzosiza: amaqabunga aphuzi, ukukhula okunamandla, iziqu ezincane. Ngaphambi kwe-lignification ye-trunk, ama-eggplant angadliwa kabili.
3. Ukuvimbela izifo. Enye yezinhlekelele ezimbi kakhulu, ezikwazi ukubhubhisa ukufika komhlaba ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu - umlenze omnyama . Ukuze uvikele kuwo, izitshalo ziphuziswa ngezikhathi ezithile ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate nomoya.
4. Ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Inqubo yezithombo ezikhulayo ziqala ngosuku olufushane. Ama-eggplants for the full development adinga ukukhanyisa amahora angu-10-12 ngosuku. Gcwalisa ukungabi khona kokukhanya kungaba nezibane ze-fluorescent ezisezingeni elinganiselwa ku-20 cm ngaphezu kwezithombo.
5. Ukuzikhandla. Izinsuku ezingu-15-20 ngaphambi kokufika okuhlongozwayo emkhunjini, izithombo ziqala ukuqina. Okokuqala, kuthathwa emoyeni omusha ngamahora ambalwa ngosuku, nsuku zonke, ngokukhula kancane kancane lapho bekhona, bese behamba ubusuku bonke.

Kungani izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda ziwa?

Ngisho nokutshala isitshalo seqanda on izithombo kwenzeka ngokuhambisana nemithetho, kungase kusimangaze umangala engadini. Kungani isitshalo seqanda siwa, kufanele ngenzeni ukugwema le nkinga? Ezimweni eziningi, isizathu siwukuphula umthetho wokunakekela:

• ukuchelela okubandayo;
• ukungabi nokukhanya;
• ukuhlwanyela okwenziwe;
• umswakama ophezulu;
• ukushisa okuphansi;
• izifo.

Ukondla okwengeziwe izitshalo zeqanda izitshalo ekhaya

Ukondla izitshalo zeqanda isitshalo ngenhlanganisela ye-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate ehlanjululwa ngamanzi afudumele ubonisa kahle. Ukuphakamisa izici zokudla okunomsoco zenhlabathi kusiza kanye nomuthi okhuni, ohlakazekile phezu kwawo. Ukusekela ubukhulu besitshalo seqanda kungaba yindleko yamakhambi asekhaya: ukuphuza itiye, ama-eggshell ahlushwa uthuli. Ungenza ukufaka umanyolo kabili ngesizini: ngesonto ngaphambi kokufika embhede futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokwakheka kwamaqabunga amabili.

Ukukhipha isitshalo seqanda kumbewu

Isisindo sesitshalo se-isitshalo se-isitshalo siphenduka kabi kunoma yikuphi ukuhamba nokulimala okuncane. Lapho kubuyiselwa emva kokukhethwa, imbewu izodinga izinsuku ezingu-5-7, okumele zicatshangelwe lapho zikhetha isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu. Ukuqoqa izithombo zezitshalo zeqanda ekhaya kwenziwa esiteji sama-1-2 amaqabunga. Ukuphuziswa kahle ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba izithombo zisuswe ngokucophelela ebhokisini lokulinganisa elinomfutho womhlaba bese zidluliselwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene. Umhlabathi ozungezile uhlanganiswe, uthuthukise izithombo kuma-cotyledons, aphuziswa kahle futhi ahlanganiswe ne-peat.