Nakuba izihlahla ze-apula zibhekwa njengezihlahla ezinamandla futhi ezingenakuzithoba, nazo zidinga ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungakwazi nje ukukhula noma yiziphi ama-apula futhi ujabulele ukuthi imiphi imvelo eye yanikezela, futhi ungenza imizamo bese uthola kusuka emthini ngamunye kuya phezulu.
Akuyona nje kuphela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yemifino, umuntu kufanele avakashele njalo isivinini sesithelo se-apula. Ukwelashwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokwindla ka-apula izihlahla ekwindla ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngemuva kwezinambuzane nezifo ezingenabuhlungu angalali kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, ukuze isivuno esincane singakwazi ukuphumula.
Iyini ukucubungulwa kwezihlahla ze-apula ezivela ezinambuzane?
Umthelela omkhulu okulindeleke ekusetshenzisweni kokuvikelwa kwamakhemikhali ukulungiswa kwensimu yezithelo ze-apula ebusika. Ukuze imithi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ibhekene namaqhwa amakhulu, kumele ingene ngesikhathi sasebusika ngamandla, ingabi buthakathaka yizo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqoka ekwindla kwezinambuzane kunganciphisa kakhulu inani labo, kanti entwasahlobo kunamathuba okuthola izimbali eziningi, hhayi ziboshwe ngesikhumba noma i-weevil.
Ububanzi bezidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukuvikela izihlahla buncane, kodwa bonke banesenzo esanele uma besetshenziswa kahle. Ake sithole ukuthi ukukhishwa kwekwindla yama-apula kuvela ezinambuzane nezifo.
I-Urea - mhlawumbe isidakamizwa esithandwa kakhulu, esenziwa ngokupuniza ekwindla. Ibulala zonke izilokazane ezikhona ezifihliwe emagqabeni ebusika, ngokuzenzekelayo zivutha. Kodwa ukuze ungalimazi izinkuni ngokwazo, kubalulekile ukugcina inani elifanele. Emva kokuvuna ekwindla, i-apula iphathwa ngesisombululo se-5%, futhi ngemuva kokuba amahlamvu ewa ngokuphelele, ukuhlushwa kwanda ku-10%.
Ukukhipha imithi yonke imithi, i-aphid, i-whitefly ne-weevil ifanele ngokuphelele "Ukulungiselela 30". Leli thuluzi linomthelela ohlukile - alikhipha izinto ezilimazayo emagqumeni nasezinkuni, kodwa ubulala izinambuzane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngemuva kokuphalaza, lapho isisombululo sichitha khona ngo-1:50, ifilimu encane, engabonakali yenziwa. Kuvimbela ukuphefumula kwama-parasites, futhi maduzane bafa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-oxygen.
Yonke into ebizwa nge-vitriol yethusi neyensimbi ikuvumela ukuba unciphise inani lezilokazane esihlahleni futhi ngesikhathi esisodwa liwukhuthaze. Ngakho-ke, ngaleyondlela yokufafaza okunye, kungenzeka ukuxosha i-moth, i-mite, i-weevil nezinye izinambuzane zomuthi we-apula, futhi ngokufana nokuqeda u-scab kanye ne-anthracnose, izifo eziyinhloko ze-apula.
Ukucubungula kwesibili sesithelo sesithelo se-apula
Ukuphalaza ngamakhemikhali kuyinto yokuvikela enkulu ye-horticulturist. Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, izinambuzane nezifo ezingu-90% zingathinteka. Kodwa lokhu ngeke kube ngokwanele, uma ungenakekeli izikhathi ezibonakala zingenasidingo njenge:
- ukusika izihlahla ngamanzi;
- ukuhlanza nokuvuselelwa kwamahlamvu;
- ukumba emagodini.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi izingxabano eziningi ezibangela isifo kanye nezinye izinambuzane ezibandayo phakathi kwamaqabunga awile futhi zikulungele ukuhlasela izihlahla zezithelo entwasahlobo. Ukunciphisa amathuba okutheleleka okunjalo, emva kokulahlekelwa okuphelele kwamaqabunga, bathathwa ekuthunjweni noma kulahlwa yi-infineration.
Amagatsha aphukile ngenkathi ehlobo, ukukhula ngokweqile nokuqina kufanele kuqedwe futhi kwenziwe ngcono uma kuqala isimo sezulu esibanda. Phakathi nomsebenzi onjalo, kuvame ukutholakala ukuthola ama-lichens amancane emagatsheni amakhulu kanye ne-trunk, okuyizinto ezibangelwa ukubhujiswa. Izindawo zalala ngamagatsha angadingekile, nezinye izilonda zigcwele umvini wensimu.
Ukuze uphume kahle ebusika, ukuchelela kume ngo-September. Ngemuva kwalokho, iziqu zicutshungulwa nge-pitchforks, ukuze zingalimazi izimpande futhi zifake ama-humus namaminerali omquba. Ukulungele ngale ndlela, insimu yezithelo ze-apula izothatha ngokubili ukushisa kwasebusika kanye ne-thaws ngokuzumayo, kanti entwasahlobo izophinde ikhule futhi embala omnandi obomvana.