Izitshalo zithinta

Unyaka nonyaka, izitshalo ezitshalwe kulezi zitshalo zinikeza isitshalo esinciphisa njalo? Izimila zivame ukugula futhi zikhule kakhulu? Ingabe izinambuzane zivele kusayithi? Ukuxilongwa kusobala - inhlabathi ikhathele futhi iphelile. Ukwelashwa kungase kube ukuphumula inhlabathi, kodwa hhayi bonke abalimi abazimisele ukulinda iminyaka eminingana. Enye indlela ukuphefumula "inhlabathi" ngamanyolo , futhi akuyona inketho, ngoba ufuna ukuqoqa isitshalo esilungile ngokwemvelo kusuka kusayithi lakho. Futhi lapha izitshalo ziza ukusiza izimbangi, ngenye indlela zibizwa ngokuthi - umquba ohlaza.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-ciderate

Okusemqoka kokusetshenziswa kwezimbangi ukuthi zikhula esakhiweni, ngokuzenzakalelayo zibe umquba ophilayo, ocebile nge-nitrogen nezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhlakulela izidakamizwa kunika ukudla okunomsoco emhlabathini ukuze kukhule kahle kwezitshalo ezalandela. Ngokushesha nje lapho ama-ciderate e-dacha eqoqene umthamo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ahlulwa futhi avaliwe enhlabathini, lapho inqubo yokubola iqala khona.

Enye indlela ongayisebenzisa ngayo izimbangi - shiya emva kokugaya emhlabathini ukuze uvikele umhlabathi ekushiseni kwezulu, ukushisa okukhulu futhi kuvimbele i-leaching yezakhi ezisuka phezulu. Ngaphandle kwale miisebenzi eyisisekelo, izimbangi zibhekana nalezi ezengeziwe. Okokuqala, bavimbela ukhula ukuba lukhule esakhiweni, luvimbela ukukhanya kwelanga kubo futhi luvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande zokhula. Okwesibili, izitshalo ze-siderata zikhulula izimpande zawo ngezimpande zawo, kusukela ngemuva kokufa kwazo, amavesi angaphansi komhlaba angenalutho, le mithombo ihlinzeka umoya omuhle futhi yandisa ikhono lomhlabathi lokugcina amanzi.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezingqinamba

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezigxobo ezisetshenziswayo zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: izitshalo, i-cruciferous ne-cereal.

1. Amabhontshisi ahlonishwa ngendawo yokuqoqa i-nitrogen emkhathini, afaka: i-soy, i-pea, ubhontshisi, i-lupine, i-clover, i-vetch, i-lentils.
2. I-Cruciferae ihlukaniswa ikhono lokuqoqa i-nitrogen emigqeni engezansi yomhlabathi futhi igcine izakhi ezingqimba ezingenhla, zibavimbele ukuba bangashiyi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa: isithombo, ukudlwengula, isinaphi .
3. Isigaba sama-cuterate sereal sihlanganisa u-buckwheat, ukolweni, ama-oats, i-rye.

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi yiziphi ama-ciderate ezingcono, ngoba ukukhetha kuncike emisebenzini ethize yokuthuthukisa inhlabathi, nokuthi yiziphi izitshalo ezihlelwe ukutshala kusayithi esikhathini esizayo, ngoba kubalulekile ukugcina ukujikeleza kwezitshalo. Okusho ukuthi, izitshalo nezitshalo kumele zimelele imindeni ehlukene yezitshalo. Ake sithi, endaweni lapho iklabishi ikhula khona, ukuhlwanyela komndeni wesihluthulelo kukhishwe.

Ukutshala izitshalo ze-ciderata

Indlela evamile yokuhlwanyela imbewu isitshalo ngasinye isahlukile, kodwa ukuze ingavumelani, umthetho owodwa ungasetshenziswa: imbewu engama-20-30% inhlwanyela njengesi-syderat kunokutshala okujwayelekile kwesivuno esifanayo. Ama-ciderate angatshalwa phakathi kokuvunwa kwesitshalo esisodwa futhi atshale okulandelayo, angatshala ekupheleni kwenkathi ebusika nokufakwa okulandelayo emhlabathini entwasahlobo, futhi kungakhula nokutshala okuhlangene phakathi kwezitshalo eziyinhloko. Endabeni yokukhula okuhlanganyelwe, izimbangi zihlala emibhedeni, kuze kube yilapho izitshalo eziyinhloko zikhula, khona-ke ziyadliwa futhi zishiye kusayithi. Ngakho-ke, imifino enqunyiwe ibamba iqhaza le-mulch, futhi izimpande ezisele emhlabathini ziba ukudla okuhle kwezitshalo eziyinhloko. Ukukhetha ama-syderate okuhlwanyela ekwindla, udinga ukwakha ngesikhathi sokutshala. Uma kuzakuba khona ukufika kokuqala kokuwa kanye ne-bevel ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika, khona-ke singakwazi ukuma emasinini, i-vetch, i-pea, i-lupine. Uma kukhona ukufika kwekwephuzile kwezimbangi emva kokuqoqwa kwemifino yasekwindla yasekupheleni, udinga ukukhetha izimbangi zasebusika, ezizovela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngokuvamile, ukolweni ne-rye zikhethwa izitshalo zasebusika.