Izimbali i-Viola zikhula kusuka embewu - imithetho ebalulekile yokutshala nokunakekelwa

Uma ufuna ukuhlobisa isayithi lakho ngezitshalo ezikhangayo nezingahloniphekile, khona-ke ulwazi mayelana nokuthi izimbali ze-viola zikhula kanjani, ezikhulayo ezivela ezinkalweni nasemhlabathini ovulekile, zizoba usizo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kufanele ukuhlwanyela nini futhi kanjani ukuze ukhule ngaphansi komhlaba onempilo.

I-Viola - ephuma imbewu

Okokuqala udinga ukunquma indawo lapho isitshalo sizokhula khona, futhi ngeke sijabule kodwa ukuthi i-viola izothatha izimpande kokubili kwisayithi elangeni nelomthunzi. Ukuthola ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-viola ephuma kumbewu, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi elangeni izimbali ziyoba ezinkulu futhi ezikhanyayo, kodwa izimbali - ngeke zihlale isikhathi eside. Kungcono ukukhetha insimu ilanga ilanga ekuseni nokushona kwelanga, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ivikelwe yisithunzi. Akufanelekile ukulima nokuhlala phansi.

Kunezeluleko eziningana zokunakekela ongazisebenzisa ukugcina izimbali ezinhle:

1. Kubalulekile ukufaka amanzi ngezimbali ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lungaphezulu (ngokujulile okungaphezulu kuka-20 cm). Ukuhlenga kufanele kwenziwe njengoba kudingeka. Yenza lokhu kusihlwa, usebenzisa amanzi afudumele ilanga.
2. Ukuze imbali ithole izakhi, kunconywa ukuba usebenzise umanyolo njalo emavikini 3-4. Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi yonke imitha yesikwele kufanele ilandise ama-gramu angu-25 we-superphosphate. Ama-granules kufanele ajuliswe emhlabathini, bese anisela.
3. Lapho kuvela iqabunga lesithupha, ungakwazi ukugcoba isiqu, ukuze ukwazi ukufeza ibhantshi elingcono.
4. Uma ukuqhuma kuqhubekile, noma uma kungabonakali amaqabunga amasha, kuyadingeka ukuba ugobe endaweni ephakeme ka-9-12 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Emva kwalokhu, kutholakala ukondla namanzi, okuzokhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha nokuvuselela kabusha.

I-Viola - ekhulayo esuka enzalweni kuya ezitshalweni

Kunemithetho embalwa ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe ukuze ikhule izithombo ezinhle:

1. Izimbali ze-Viola, ezikhulayo ezivela imbewu ezenziwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho, zidinga ukugcina izinga lokushisa emoyeni ngo-18-20 ° C. Uma izinkomba ziphansi, khona-ke ukuvela kwamahlumela kufanele kulinde isikhathi eside. Lapho amahlumela ebonakalayo, izitsha kufanele zihanjiswe endaweni lapho izinga lokushisa lingama-12-15 ° C.
2. Ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile, imbali ibalulekile ekukhanyeni, ngakho-ke usuku lokukhanya oluphansi kufanele luhlale isikhathi eside amahora angu-14. Uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa i- phytolamps ekhethekile. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, izithombo ze-viola zizokwelula.
3. Uma kutshalwa izimbali ku-substrate ye-peat, akudingeki ukuba umanyolo wangaphambi kwenhlabathi kudingeke, kodwa inqubo kufanele yenziwe ngemva kwamasonto amathathu emva kokuhlwanyela. Ungasebenzisa ukufaka umquba wamaminerali.

Lapho ukutshala viola on izithombo?

Kunezinhlelo ezintathu ongayilandela ukuze ukhule noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitshalo:

1. Ekwindla, ungatshala imbali endaweni evulekile, kodwa izimbali zizokwenzeka ngonyaka ozayo kuphela. Imigomo yokutshala i-viola yezithombo - Agasti-Septemba.
2. Ukuze ubone izimbali ngonyaka ohlwanyelayo, kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela imbali ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu kusukela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kuya ekuqaleni kukaMashi.
3. Izimbali ngonyaka wokutshala zingatholakala ngokutshala imbewu ehlobo emhlabathini ovulekile. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu senqubo ngu-Meyi-ekuqaleni kukaJuni.

Indlela yokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-viola?

Ukuze ukhule uhlume ngokushesha, ungaqala ukuhluma imbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala ukupheqa kubo ukuze ukhethe izimo ezonakalisiwe. Ukuhluma kwembewu ye-viola ngeke kube nzima: thatha indwangu noma i-cotton pad, uyifake emanzini bese uyibeka emanzini, uyihlanganise ngendwangu emanzi. Beka ku-saucer noma kwenye isitsha bese ubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa endaweni efudumele. Kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama wendaba. Lapho imbewu ivela ezinhlathini, ungakwazi ukuhlwanyela.

Ukutshala kombungu on izithombo

Lapho imbewu isilungele, ungaqhubeka nenqubo ye-inoculation, okulandela lezi ziqondiso zokukhula:

1. Lungisa iziqukathi ezigcwele inhlabathi ekhanyayo nevundile. Kungcono ukuthatha i-primer esitolo bese uyixhuma ngesihlabathi nomhlabathi kusuka ensimini, ugcine inani 1: 1: 2. Ingxube efundwayo kufanele ichithelwe i-fungicide ukuze i-disinfection.
2. Imiyalo yokuhlwanyela kahle i-viola ngezithombo ibonisa ukuthi uma ingxube elungiselelwe idla, udinga ukwenza izimpande ezingajulile, usakaze imbewu, kodwa hhayi ngokujulile, uphinde ufafaze umhlaba.
3. Ukuze imbewu ikhule, isitsha sigcwele ifilimu noma ingilazi. Beka endaweni lapho kufudumele futhi kuluhlaza, ngaphambi kokuvela. Qiniseka ukuthi njalo uqhuba umoya.
4. Uma amahlumela ezovela, thatha isitsha ukuya ekukhanyeni bese uyivula kancane ukuze uvumele ukufinyelela ku-oxygen.
5. Kanye ngesonto, yondla izimbali, usebenzisa isisombululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo wemifino. Lapho umhlaba ubomile, uwasebenzise usebenzisa i-nebulizer.
6. Ukuqoqa imbali kwenzeka, futhi ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, ukufutheka kufanele kuqale emgwaqweni noma emkhathini.

I-viola ihamba isikhathi esingakanani?

Umbuzo othakazelisayo abasha, futhi lapha kufanele wazi ukuthi ezimweni eziningi, uma imbewu inhle, amahlumela azovela ezinsukwini ezingu-9. Kubalulekile ngalesi sikhathi ukulawula umswakama wenhlabathi futhi ngokukhululekile ukuyikhulula ukuze ukwandise ukufinyelela kwe-oxygen, kodwa yenza konke ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi amahlumela. Kukhona imfihlo eyodwa yabalimi abanolwazi - amahlumela we-viola avela ngokushesha, uma isitsha sembewu sizoba endaweni emnyama.

Ukufaka ama-violas ngamahlumela

Uma amaqabunga wangempela avela ezitshalweni, ehamba ngezinsimbi ezihlukene. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi i-viola iqinile, ngakho-ke ngisho noma izimpande zonakaliswe ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, zizophola ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukwazi kuphela lapho udinga ukudonsa i-viola ngemuva kwezimo eziphuthumayo, kodwa futhi nezinye izici, ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi senqubo, izithombo zithinteka, ngakho-ke uma ukufakelwa kabusha kudingekile ukugwinya kwamanzi ama-cotyledons. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukubukeka kwembali bese kuqinisa uhlelo lwempande. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukukhula kuzokwanda emva kwamasonto 3-4.

I-Viola - ukutshala nokukhathalela emhlabathini ovulekile

Uma uhlwanyela imbewu ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ngo-Septhemba, ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa liwe, lesi sitshalo siyoba nesikhathi sokukhuphuka futhi sikhule uhlelo oluqinile lwempande. Ukuqhakaza kwe-floores kuyomnyaka ozayo kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuze kufike isithwathwa. Ukuhlakulela i-viola emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngokulandela uhlelo olulandelayo:

1. Yenza imifantu engavamile, uwafake bese uyipuniza imbewu kancane. Ukusuka ngenhla, udonsa ngomhlaba wabo futhi uhlasele ngesandla sakho, kodwa ungacindezeli ngokuqinile. Kufanele kube khona ibanga lika-10 cm emkhatsini we-grooves.
2. Kunconywa ukuba umbhede we-pritenit, ozogqugquzela ukukhula okungcono nokuvimbela ukoma komhlabathi. Isibonelo, ungakha amagatsha e-canopy noma anamathela ngamaqabunga.
3. Lapho amaqabunga amabili wangempela efaka izithombo, imbali iyahlanjululwa. Kunconywa ukunciphisa impande ephakathi ngu 1/3. Endaweni engapheli yokutshala ukulima kufanele kwenziwe ngokwemigomo ye-25x25 cm.
4. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lesi sitshalo akufanele siqhakaze kulo nyaka, ngakho-ke kufanele usike amafihlethi avele.

I-Primer ye-Viola

Ubuhle nobude bezimbali buthonywe izinga lomhlabathi lapho kuzotshala khona. Ukwenyuka kwe-groundes kungcono kakhulu enhlabathini e-loamy enomanzi futhi egcwele. Mane ukhumbule ukuthi amanzi aqhubekayo ayobangela izimpande ezibola. Emithethweni yokutshala i-viola kuboniswa ukuthi ukugeleza kokuqala nokukhishwa kwenhlabathi kufanele kwenziwe. Uma izwe lingavuthi, khona-ke udinga ukwenza umanyolo.

Kuyafaneleka ukucabangela ukuthi kuvunyelwe ukungeza ama-humus, kodwa okukhethwa kukho yi- superphosphate noma i-ammonium nitrate. Ukuze impilo yezimbali, i-violas, ikhule kusuka ezihlathini futhi ihlwanyele izithombo ngokwayo ingenziwa e-peat, egcina ukushisa futhi ingahlali emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezinto eziningi zokudla okunomsoco. Ingafakwa emithonjeni ehloselwe imbewu.

Ingabe udinga ukufafaza phansi ngembewu ye-viola?

Uma uhlwanyela ukudlula emhlabathini ovulekile, kunconywa ukuthi imbewu ifafaze umhlaba ukuze ingabhubhisi futhi isheshe ifake. Uma unesithakazelo ukuthi kudingekile ukuba ufafaze imbewu ye-viola uma ubatshala ezitshalweni, khona-ke kuyakudingeka ukukhombisa okunye okuhlukahluka kokuhlwanyela, okuthandwa ngabaflorisi. Siyabonga, amahlumela azovela ngokushesha, ngoba akudingeki asebenzise amandla awo ezama ukuphulukana nomhlabathi. Ukuze uhlume izimbali ze-viola, uhlakulele imbewu ngokusho kwephethini elilandelayo:

1. Ibhodlela lomhlaba kufanele lichithe ngamanzi afudumele. Lapho uketshezi lwamafutha lugxila, yibeke imbewu phezulu, ubeke umthamo we-1-2 cm.
2. Vala isitsha ngefilimu noma ingilazi bese uyibeka endaweni efudumele kodwa emnyama. Enye indlela ukumboza isitsha ngekhadibhodi. Kubalulekile ukuhambisa njalo imbewu.