Ukuthenga imikhiqizo emakethe, ngezinye izikhathi asiqondi ngokushesha ukuthi kungani ukudla okuphekwe kuvela kungeyona okumnandi kakhulu, njengokuba njalo. Ngisho nezinyosi ezijwayelekile zizophazamisa ukunambitheka kwe-borscht uma isivuno sezimpande singakhethi kahle. Ukupheka, izinhlobo ze-beetroot ziyasetshenziswa, zingaziqhenya ngendlela enhle kakhulu.
Ithebula le-beet - isici
Ukuze ukhethe imifino enomsoco kumakethe emakethe, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ngezici ezikhethekile ze-beet beet. Ungaxoshanga usayizi - isitshalo esikhulu semifino ephakeme kakhulu esingahle sisebenze ezinhlobonhlobo zefolda, umgomo wakho - usayizi ojwayelekile. Ukunambitheka kuncike kakhulu esikhathini sokuvuthwa kwemifino:
- izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala zinezikhathi zokuvuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-50-80, kodwa azikwazi ukuziqhenya ngamanothi aphezulu;
- Phakathi kokuvuthwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-100 ukuvuthwa, iningi labo liyizivuno eziphezulu;
- Izinhlobo ezindala zizoba isikhathi eside futhi zigcinwe kahle, zizojabulisa ngokuthanda kwazo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinyosi zebheyi
Ngokuvamile i-Dacha yenza izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene futhi ngokucophelela. Kodwa noma yimuphi umlimi okhulisa imifino ukudayiswa uzochitha isikhathi esiphezulu kule nkinga. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ze-beetroot zizokwenza inzuzo esheshayo, kodwa hhayi njalo isivuno esikhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthola uhlu lwezici emphakathini wokumelana okubandayo, isikhathi eside sokugcina kanye nokuphikisana nezifo nezinambuzane - zonke lezi ziqiniseko ezingaqondile zomkhiqizo ophezulu.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokuzikhethela uhlobo olufanele nokufakwa kwamagciwane, izakhamuzi zasehlobo zivumela amaphutha amaningana ajwayelekile:
- Ukukhethwa kwendawo yezitshalo engadini akushintshi unyaka nonyaka. Ukutshala ukujikeleza kubalulekile futhi kuyadingeka, ngoba kuyindlela eqondile yemifino yekhwalithi. Uma ngonyaka wamanje i-beetroot itshalwe endaweni eyodwa, kufanele futhi ivele ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu kuphela.
- Izidakamizwa zemifino ngayinye zithinta ngokuqondile ukukhula. Ngezinyosi zezinyosi, izindawo lapho isithombo, isaladi kanye nommbila sezikhulile ngaphambili, ngeke kusebenze. Isivuno somsuka ungumthandi wenhlabathi evundile, futhi isiko sazo sithathwe kakhulu.
- Imbewu emva kokuhluma idinga isikhala esanele sokukhula: ukukhula okunamandla, okuncane kakhulu izithelo kuba, isivuno sinciphisa.
Izinhlobonhlobo zebhethri yebheyi
Kunoma yisiphi isifunda sezwe, abanikazi be-dacha nabanikazi bepulazi kufanele bakhethe izinhlobonhlobo ngokulingwa nephutha. Inkinga ukuthi imifino efanayo esifundeni esisodwa ingaveza isivuno esihlaba umxhwele, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo sidumaze kakhulu abalimi abavela kwezinye izindawo. Kubalulekile hhayi ukuthola kuphela uhlu, lapho izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zezinyosi zebheyi ziboniswa, kodwa futhi ukubuza mayelana nemibandela edingekayo yemiphumela engcono.
Ithebula lebhedi "Bordeaux"
"I-Bordeaux" iyindlela ehlukahlukene kanye ne-sortotype. Zonke izinhlobo zezinyosi zebheyi zalolu hlobo zizoba nezici ezifanayo. Ukuma kwe-fetus kubonisiwe, kungukujikeleza kwe-oval. Ikhuluma ngokulinganisa ngokuhambisana nokuvuthwa, futhi lokhu kuyithuba lemasiko ukuqoqa emaspini ngaphezulu ushukela. Umbala we-pulp uhambelana ngokuphelele negama: kumnyama futhi ucebile ku-hugundy-red hue. Ngokuvamile kuzo zonke izimo, i-beetroot iyajabula ngekhwalithi yokuvunwa okunengi, ebusika izithelo zigcinwa ngaphandle kokushintsha ukunambitheka nokubukeka.
Ithebula lebhethri "I-Cylinder"
Ifomu engavamile yokutshala izimpande kuyisici esihlukile sabo bonke abameleli bohlobo lwe-Erfurda varietal. Izinhlobo eziningi zemifino, phakathi kwazo i-beetroot, abalimi, ziqala ukukhula ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuba zivele emakethe. I-cylinder ithola igama layo kufanelekile, ngoba ifomu layo elihlanganisiwe lihlukanisa nalo lonke. Futhi ngisho nalokhu kwenza lokhu kuhlukahluka kudingeke phakathi kwabalimi:
- Ikhwalithi yokugcina imifino yenza kube lula ukugcina isivuno ebusika cishe ngaphandle kwemfucuza;
- I-beet isiphundu futhi ukwelashwa okushisa kuholela kalula, okukwenza kube lula ukupheka futhi kube nemifino efanelekayo yokumangalisa.
I-beet yethebula "i-Mulatto"
"I-Mulatto" izojabulisa abashayeli bamaloli ngobuqotho bayo: bayakhula ngekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezinkomba zokukhiqiza. Njengazo zonke izinhlobo eziphakathi kwe-beet beetetrafti, "i-Mulatto" izithelo ezinsukwini eziyikhulu namashumi amathathu emva kokuphuma. Isici esihlukile sempande yezimpande yindawo ebushelelekile, ehlanzekile yesikhumba. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zezakhamuzi zasehlobo ziyojabula:
- Izisindo zesithelo kalula zifinyelela amagremu amathathu;
- engxenyeni ye-beet egcwele umbala we-burgundy, ayilahlekile ngisho nangesikhathi sokupheka;
- isici sezitshalo zempande ngokungabikho kwamasongo ephawulekayo esigabeni esiphambene.
Ithebula lebhedi "Pablo"
Isixazululo esihle kakhulu sezinga lezimboni. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zemifino, iningi liyathuthukiswa, futhi isithombo sebhitrudi "Pablo" nje ukuthuthukiswa okuhehayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa kalula zibekezelela ukushisa okuphansi futhi zivumelanisa nokungabi nomswakama. Uhlu oluyinhloko lwezifo luhlala "luphephile" lwe-Pablo, lokhu kuhlukahluka kuyinto eguquguqukayo, futhi ngisho nekhwalithi yenhlabathi yalo ayiyona into ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuthatha izithelo ezandleni zakho, uzokuzwa ukuqina namandla esikhumba. Lokhu kuye kwenza isivuno sempande sifanele isitoreji sesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka.
I-canteen "ama-beet aseGibhithe"
I-"style" yaseGibhithe yanikeza igama layo ezinhlobonhlobo zayo. Phakathi kwababamele leli qembu lezinyosi zebheyi, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-"Plain yaseGibhithe" ziyaziwa. Ukuma kwezitshalo zempande zanikeza leli gama futhi lithatha isici esiyinhloko - sigxile futhi sibheke ngokucacile, amakhanda amancane. I-Sortotype ingaziqhayisa ngezici ezinjalo nezinzuzo:
- I-beetroot iyinambitheka, izithelo zayo zakhiwa kakhulu kakhulu;
- izindandatho ezikhanyayo epulp azivamile, yena ngokwakhe ubomvu obomvu;
- ukuqhakaza nemicibisholo akuyona into ehlukile kulokhu okuhlukahluka, futhi lokhu kukhuluma ngothando kanye ne-juiciness ye-pulp;
- Ukushiya kwanele isikhathi eside, kodwa kule ncazelo ibanga lokugcina isitoreji.
Ukukhula kwezinyosi zebheyi
Isiko ngasinye kule ncazelo sibonisa izimo lapho isivuno kanye nekhwalithi kuyokwenyuswa khona. Ama-beet, i-parameter ebaluleke kunazo zonke inhlabathi: ubuchwepheshe bokukhulisa ama-beet ekamelweni lokudlela lilula, kodwa ungathembela empumelelweni kuphela emva kwesayithi elilungiselelwe kahle. Ukwethulwa kokufaka umanyolo kuzokwenza ngcono isivuno, kepha ukubunjwa kwangempela kwenhlabathi kuthonya isisindo semifino ngehektare.
Uma kuziwa emhlabathini we-sod-podzolic, ukwethulwa komanyolo wethusi kuphakamisa ngezikhathi ezithile, kwezinye izimo, ngikhulume ngokunyuka okuphindwe kabili kuma-indices. Uma kulinywa kuhlelwe nge-chernozems eqoshiwe, i-molybdenum ne-cobalt yanezelwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi ingacacile, lokhu kuyimfuneko kuphela ehlala ebaluleke kakhulu.
Lapho ukutshala beet beta?
Ewusizo futhi othandwa yizo zonke imifino evunyelwa ukutshala kokubili entwasahlobo nasebusika. Imigomo yokuhlwanyela isithombo sebhitrudi sebheyi incike kwisitshalo esifunekayo, izinhlobo:
- isivuno sokuqala sitshalwe ekwindla ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, kuvunyelwe ukuhlwanyela imbewu ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli;
- uma kuvuna, okuhleliwe ukuba kugcinwe isikhathi eside, isivuno sihlala isikhathi esilandelayo ngoMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi kaMeyi (akunakwenzeka ukusheshisa, ngoba imbewu enhlabathini ebandayo ngeke ivelise izithelo, kodwa i-peduncles ifomu).
Ithebula lebhethri - ukunakekelwa okukhethekile
Ukuze ukhule isithombo sebhitrudi esiphundu esimnandi nekhwalithi, kufanele ugweme amaphutha amancane:
- ukungabi nokukhanya ezinkathini zokuqala zokukhula kuzosithinta kakhulu ubukhulu be-fetus nokuhluma kwembewu;
- Umswakama obuningi yinto eyingozi ngaphezu kokuntuleka kwayo, ngoba ukubola kwezitshalo kuzofika ngokushesha;
- Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kuholela ekuqhumeni.
Ukutshala ukujikeleza kuyaba yindawo ehlonishwayo ye-agrotechnical phakathi kwabahlali behlobo abanolwazi. Ngaphambilini, bekunganakwa, esikhathini sethu lokhu kuyisisekelo sezinsisekelo. Lapho ama-arborini, i-pepper noma utamatisi ekhulile, yindawo ekahle yokutshala isithombo sebhitrudi ngenkathi ezayo ngokuququza umquba . Ngemuva kokuba isithombo sebhitrudi, cishe zonke izinhlanga zikhule kahle. Lo mifino uyakuthanda ukukhanya, amacembe amancane awahambisani nawo.
Ukuhlanza kwebhethri
Iphutha elivamile labantu abashadile abanolwazi lokuqothula amaqabunga ehlobo. Abanye basebenzisa imifino ukulungiselela isobho sehlobo, abanye bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi ngaleyondlela imifino izonikeza amandla onke empande futhi ikhule ngokushesha. Eqinisweni, lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ikhwalithi nokugcina ikhwalithi yezitshalo. Yonke imifino, ne-beetroot ayinjalo, banemigomo yabo yokuvuna.
Isiqalo siwela phakathi kukaSeptemba, ngezinhlobo ezithile lokhu kungukuphela kwenyanga, njengoba kuvuthwa kuqhubeka. Uma ungaphandle kwe-5 ° C esungulwe nesimo sezulu esishisayo, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokufika kwesikhathi sokuvuna. Izakhamuzi zasehlobo ezihlangenwe nakho zithi esikhundleni sokusika, kungcono ukuguqula iziqongonga. Indlela elula yokugcina isivuno emabhokisini ixubene nesihlabathi. Abalimi abanolwazi abanamfihlo abo:
- Ekwindla efudumele kakhulu ukugcina impande emhlabathini engathandeki, ngakho inyama iyoba nzima.
- Ukwindla kwemvula kuyashesha ukuhlala ehlobo eqoqweni, ngoba umswakama owedlulele uzothinta kakhulu ukunambitheka kwemifino. Umswakama uzokunciphisa ukuphila kwe-shelf, kwezinye izimo kubangela ukubola nokuqhekeka kwesithelo.
- Kodwa ekwindla eyomile futhi efudumele izokuvumela ukuba ushintshe kancane isikhathi sokuqoqa, ngoba endaweni ye-beet ekamelweni lokudlela lizogcinwa kangcono kunesidumbu.
Izifo zezinyosi zebheyi
Izinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla ziphikisana nezifo eziningi, kodwa umhlali wehlobo ubophezelekile ukuthi azi ukuthi babheka kanjani ukusabela okufika ngesikhathi. Izici ze-beet bebhebhe zathonya ukuvela kwezifo ezithile:
- Uma kunokuntuleka kwe-boron emhlabathini, i-phomosis iqala. Lena inkinga yobuningi, lapho esikhathini sokukhula emgwaqweni kunesimo sezulu nemvula encane nenkungu. Emaqabunga avela izindawo ezibomvu neziphuzi, amachashazi amnyama. Ukugwema izinkinga kuzosiza ukwethula phakathi kwe-borax enhlabathini.
- I-cerco-spores noma i-spotting yimbangela yamasu okulima angalungile. Ukugwema inkinga kuzosiza ekutshalweni kusayithi lapho izitshalo ezivuthiwe ngaphambilini ezingamelana ne-cercosporosis, ukuqeda ukhula ngokucophelela. Esikhathini kukhona izinhlobo ezizinzile namafungicide.
- Uma ukhula ubhontshisi ezindaweni eziphansi, enhlabathini ene-aeration empofu, ungabaleki empandeni yezolimo. Lesi sifo esithathelwanayo sibhubhisa izitshalo ezincane: iziqu ziphenduka abamnyama, kancane kancane ziyafa. Ukugwema inkinga kuzosiza ekunqandeni inhlabathi, i- mulching peat.