I-influenza ye-swine iyinhlangano evamile yeqembu lezinkinga, ngokuyinhloko h1n1, igciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Lesi sifo singathinta kokubili izilwane nabantu, futhi sisakazwe kusukela komunye kuya kwesinye. Eqinisweni, igama elithi "umkhuhlane wezingulube" lasetshenziswa kakhulu ngo-2009, lapho imbangela yokugqashuka kwakuyizingulube ezigulayo. Izimpawu ze-ngulube ye-ngulube zivele zingabonakali kahle kumkhuhlane womuntu ovamile, kodwa zingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu, kuze kube semphumela obulalayo.
Imithombo yokutheleleka nge-swine flu
Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza linama-subtypes amaningana, kodwa liyingozi kakhulu, elikwazi ukudluliselwa kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu futhi likhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, yilona uhlobo lwe-H1N1.
Umkhuhlane we-swine yisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu esasakazwa ngamaconsi.
Imithombo yokutheleleka ingaba:
- izilwane ezigulayo;
- inyama yezilwane ezigulayo ezingakaze zithole ukwelashwa okwanele (okungavamile);
- Abantu abagulayo - uma bexula futhi bekhwehlela, indawo engozini ifika kumamitha angu-1.5-2 azungeze isiguli;
- izinto ezisetshenziswe abantu abagulayo - izinkomishi, ithawula, izinto, ezazisetshenziselwa ukwabiwa, nokuthi isiguli sisebenzise, njengaphandle komzimba womuntu igciwane ligcina likwazi ukusebenza cishe amahora amabili.
Naphezu kwegama lomkhuhlane wezingulube, ikakhulukazi izimo ze-epidemiological zivela ekudlulisweni komuntu komunye umuntu, ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhushulwa kanye nasekuqaleni kwesifo ngokwaso.
Isikhathi sokugubha i-swine flu incubation sihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ubude benkathi kusukela ekuthelelekeni kuya ekubonakalweni kwezimpawu zokuqala zesifo kuncike esimweni somuntu, ukuzivikela kwakhe, ubudala kanye nezinye izici. Ezingamaphesenti angaba ngu-95%, isikhathi sokukhushulwa komkhuhlane A (H1N1) sivela ezinsukwini ezimbili ukuya kwezingu-4, kodwa kwabanye abantu kungadlulela ezinsukwini ezingu-7. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zokuqala, ezifana ne-ARVI, ziqala ukuvela ngosuku lwesithathu.
Ingabe i-H1N1 igciwane lesandulela ngculazi lagcwala ngesikhathi sokukhushulwa?
Umkhuhlane we-swine uyisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu, usakazwa kalula kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu. Umthwali wegciwane le-H1N1 uba nesifo esithathelwanayo ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokutshala, cishe usuku ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimpawu ezicacile zesifo. Yilezi ziguli ezibeka ingozi enkulu ekubhekaneni ne-epidemiological, ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka uxhumane nesiguli esingaba khona, ngisho noma kungekho zimpawu, zonke izinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe kufanele zilandelwe.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yokugubha, umuntu okwejwayelekile usalokhu ehamba nezifo ezingu-7-8. Cishe iziguli ezingu-15%, ngisho nangabe ziphathwa, zihlala ziwumthombo ongasetshenziswa ukutheleleka futhi zifake igciwane izinsuku ezingu-10-14.
Izimpawu kanye nentuthuko yengulube yengulube
Izimpawu ze-ngulube ye-ngulube azifani neze nezimpawu zenye izinhlobo ze-influenza, okulukhuni kakhulu ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo. Izici ziyizinkinga zesimo esibi kakhulu futhi ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezinkinga ezinkulu.
Njengoba lesi sifo siphuthuma kakhulu ukuphuza ngokweqile, sikhuphukela ku-38 ° C nangaphezulu lokushisa komzimba, kukhona imisipha kanye nekhanda, ubuthakathaka jikelele.
Isici se-ngulube yengulube yilezi:
- ngokushesha (kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3 emva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokufakelwa) lapho kwenzeka khona ama-syndromes amakhulu okuphefumula;
- i-sinusitis ;
- i-pneumonia.
Cishe 40% weziguli zakha i-dyspeptic syndrome - i-nausea eqhubekayo, ukuhlanza, izifo zesibalo.
Cishe ezinsukwini ezingu-1-2 emva kokuqala kwesifo, ngokuvamile kuvame uketshezi lwesibili lwezimpawu, ngokwanda kokukhwehlela, ukuphefumula, nokuwohloka okuvamile enhlalakahleni.
Ngaphezu kwe- pneumonia , i-influenza yengulube ingabangela izinkinga enhliziyweni (pericarditis, infectious-allergenic myocarditis) nasebuchosheni (encephalitis, meningitis).