I-thermoregulation eyenziwa kanjani emzimbeni?

Umzimba womuntu uhlala uhlala ngaphansi kwezinga elincane lokushisa kwangaphakathi - kusuka ku +25 kuya ku -43 degrees. Ikhono lokuzigcina ngalezi zimingcele ngisho nezinguquko ezinkulu ezimweni zangaphandle libizwa ngokuthi i-thermoregulation. Isimiso sokuphila sikhona kuleli cala kusukela ku-36.2 kuya ku-37 degrees, ukwehlukana kwalo kubhekwa njengokuphulwa. Ukuze uthole izizathu ze-pathologies enjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukushisa kwenziwa kanjani emzimbeni, yiziphi izinto ezithinta ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushisa kwangaphakathi, nokuthola izindlela zokulungiswa kwazo.

I-thermoregulation yenziwa kanjani emzimbeni womuntu?

Indlela echazweyo ihamba ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ukushisa kwe- Chemical kuyindlela yokukhiqiza ukushisa. Ikhiqizwa yizo zonke izitho zomzimba, ikakhulu uma igazi lidlula kubo. Amandla amaningi akhiqizwa esibindi nasezintanjeni ezithintekayo.
2. Ukufudumala komzimba kuyindlela yokukhishwa kwe-heat. Kuqhutshwa ukushintshaniswa okushisa ngokuqondile ngenhloso yomoya noma ebandayo, imisebe ye-infrared, kanye nokukhuphuka kwesithukuthezi esikhumbeni nokuphefumula.

I-thermoregulation igcinwe kanjani emzimbeni womuntu?

Ukulawulwa kokushisa kwangaphakathi kubangelwa ukuzwela kwe-thermoreceptors ekhethekile. Iningi labo likhona esikhumbeni, ekuphefumulweni okuphezulu kanye nasezingxenyeni zomzimba zomlomo womlomo.

Lapho izimo zangaphandle zihlukana nokujwayelekile, i-thermoreceptors ikhiqiza impulses ye-nerve engena emgodini womgogodla, bese ifika emabhungeni okubukwayo, i-hypothalamus, i-pituitary gland iphinde ifinyelele i-cortex ye-cerebral. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuzwa komzimba kubanda noma ukushisa kubonakala, futhi isikhungo se-thermoregulation sishukumisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza noma ukukhulula ukushisa.

Kumele kuqaphele ukuthi esimweni esichazwe, ikakhulukazi - ukwakheka kwamandla, kuhileleka amanye ama-hormone. I-thyroxin iqinisa umzimba, okwandisa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa. I-Adrenaline yenza ngendlela efanayo ngokuthuthukisa izinqubo ze-oxidative. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusiza ukunciphisa imithwalo yegazi esikhumbeni, okuvimbela ukukhishwa kokushisa.

Izimbangela zokuphulwa komzimba womzimba

Izinguquko ezincane ezilinganisweni zokukhiqizwa kwamandla okushisa nokudluliselwa kwendawo yangaphandle kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza komzimba. Kulesi simo, lokhu akulona ukwelashwa, njengoba izinqubo zokufudumala kwe-thermoregulation ziphumula ngokushesha lapho ziphumula, ngesikhathi sokuphumula.

Iningi lezinhlupho ezibhekwa njengezifo zesimiso, ezihambisana nezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo, ngisho nokwanda okunamandla kokushisa komzimba kungabizwa ngokuqondile ngokuthi yi-pathological, ngoba umkhuhlane nomkhuhlane uvela emzimbeni ukuvimbela ukwanda kwamaseli we-pathogenic (amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya). Eqinisweni, le ndlela iyindlela evamile yokuzivikela yokuzivikela.

Ukwephulwa kweqiniso kwe-thermoregulation kuhambisane nokulimala kwezinhlaka ezithintekayo ekusebenzeni kwayo, i-hypothalamus, i-pituitary gland, intambo yomgogodla nobuchopho. Lokhu kwenzeka nge-mechanical ukuhlukumezeka, ukubola kwesisu, ukubunjwa kwezidumbu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-endocrine nezifo zenhliziyo, izifo ze-hormonal, hypothermia ngokomzimba noma ukushisa ngokweqile kungandisa ukwelashwa.

Ukwelapha ukwephulwa kwe-thermoregulation evamile emzimbeni womuntu

Kungenzeka ukubuyisela inkambo efanele yezinqubo zokukhiqiza nokubuya kokushisa emva kokuthola izimbangela zenguquko yazo. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa, udinga ukuvakashela isazi sezinzwa zegazi, uthathe izivivinyo eziningi ze-laboratory futhi wenze izifundo ezenziwe ngezigaba.