Abaphikisi be-calcium kuthiwa yiqembu elimangalisayo lemithi ekwazi ukuvimbela ukuhamba kwalesi sici ngamashaneli akhethekile abe ngamaseli abushelelezi. I-cardiologists isebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ngenkuthalo. Basiza ekwelapheni izifo eziningi ezahlukene. Ngenxa yomphumela wabo ophumelelayo, ukwakhiwa kwe-block calcium yokungena kubhekwa njengenye yempumelelo ephawulekayo yezokwelapha ngekhulu lama-20.
Indlela yokwenziwa kwabaphikisi be-calcium
Ama-calcium ions abaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni. Bahlanganyela ezintweni eziningi zokuphila. Lapho nje izinhlayiya zifaka amangqamuzana, izinqubo zivuselelwa, ngenxa yokuthi imisebenzi yeselula yemvelo iyagcwaliseka. Uma i-i-calcium ions ngokweqile, isisombululo samaselula singasheshisa kakhulu. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, isidingo samathambo oksijini kanye nezondlo sizokhula. Futhi lokhu, kuholela ekushintsheni okulimazayo.
I-antagonists ye-i-calcium ions iyanciphisa ukuhlushwa kwayo futhi ingavumeli izinhlayiya zingene ngaphakathi kwesikhala se-extracellular zibe ngamaseli. Babuye bathuthukise i-vasodilation ne-blood pressure ephansi.
Ngabe abaphikisi be-calcium banikiwe?
- Ngama- vasina vasospastic, abavimba be-calcium channel abaphumelela ngokukhethekile. Njengomkhuba wokubonisa, ukuhlukumeza ukuvimbela kangcono kunanoma iyiphi enye indlela.
- Ama-antagonists anciphisa ngokushesha ukucindezela, ngakho-ke ngaphandle kwabo kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nezinkinga ezibangelwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu .
- Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kuyinkinga yokuphikisana. Imithi ivimbela iziteshi ze-calcium ukuze zilashwe zibekiwe, kodwa azizisi wonke umuntu.
- Amalungiselelo-aphikisana ne-calcium ions awazange akhombise emzabalazweni wokulwa nokubuyiselwa kwe-infyoctionous acute myocardial. Ukubhekana nemithi yokuhlukumeza akuyona into enhle kakhulu, kepha esikhathini esilandelayo le nkinga kuphumelela kakhulu.
- Iziguli ezine-angina pectoris engazinzile zibekelwe i-calcium blockers ikakhulukazi nge-metoprolol. Le nhlanganisela ingumphumela omuhle kakhulu emzimbeni.
Uhlu lwezidakamizwa ze-calcium
Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa amaqembu amathathu amakhulu ezidakamizwa:
- I-derivatives ye-phenylalkylamines "yaqala" nge-Verapamil. Imithi yeli qembu ingathinta kokubili izicubu zesisipha zenhliziyo nezitsha. Akuluthande ukuhlanganisa nabakwa-beta-blockers, ngoba kulokhu i-myocardium izoba nemiphumela emibili, ngenxa yalokho ukuqhutshwa kwe-atrioventricular kungase kwephulwe.
- I-derivative yokuqala ye-dihydropyridine yayiyi-Nifedipine. Inhloso eyinhloko yesidakamizwa isenzo se-vasodilator. Uhlu lwabaphikisi be-calcium eqenjini lesibili lubonakala ngesenzo sokukhetha. Okokuqala, izidakamizwa zithinta imishanguzo ye-coronary. Futhi cishe azikho imiphumela emibi.
- Leli qembu lihlanganisa ama-benzothiazepine derivatives, okwamanje amelwe kuphela yi-Diltiazem.
Kunezinye izidakamizwa-izidakamizwa ze-calcium. Okudume kakhulu futhi okuphumelelayo yilezi:
- I-Finoptin;
- I-Baypress;
- Lomir;
- I-Clentiazem;
- Gallopamil;
- Felodipine;
- I-Nitrendipine;
- I-Lacidipine;
- Lercanidipine;
- I-Isradipine;
- Corinfar;
- Cordaflex;
- I-Osmo-Adalat;
- Kordafen;
- Amlotop;
- I-Norvasc;
- Plandil;
- I-Stamlo;
- I-Dilren;
- Amakholi;
- I-Altiazem.
Bonke abaphikisana ne-calcium ayinconywa ukuba baphathwe ngendlela engavamile, kufanele basebenzise kuphela ngaphakathi. Imithi ingabangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwemisipha engalawuliwe, okuyinto, njengomthetho, inamandla kakhulu futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuholela ekusakazweni kwemithambo yegazi nokufa kwezicubu.