Isifo sikashukela sinye yezifo ezibi kakhulu ezivela ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwe-hormone insulin. Ukukhubazeka okunjalo kuholela ekuphazamiseni umsebenzi wezinhlaka eziningi nezinhlelo, ekugcineni ekubeka usongo lokufa.
Ukwephula okungapheli kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-metabolism kufaka phakathi, kuholela ekutheni i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela iqukethe ukunqotshwa okwenziwe jikelele kwemithambo yegazi namancane. Kulesi simo, i-homeostasis iphukile futhi izindonga zezimpahla zilimazekile.
Le nqubo emzimbeni weziguli ezine-diabetes mellitus, ngamacala angu-90% aholela emonakalweni emikhawulweni yegobolondo elibi le-eyeball. Yena, njengohlobo lwe-microangiopathy yesifo sikashukela, ubizwa ngokuthi "i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela", okuyinto yezinhlobo ezimbi kunazo zonke zenqubo yokwelapha ezitsheni.
Izimpawu nezimbangela ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
Lesi sifo sibonakala ngesifo sikashukela eside, kodwa ukutholakala ngokushesha kwesifo kuvumela izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe futhi isimo sesiguli sibekwe eceleni esikhathini esizayo, ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi ebonakalayo kusifo sikashukela kuyisinye sezici ezikhubaza.
Endabeni ye-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, kunengozi enkulu yokuphuphuthekisa, eyenzeka kaningi izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezingu-25 ezigulini zesifo sikashukela kunabantu abangenayo isifo sikashukela.
Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kukhona ezimbili:
- i-hyperglycemia - ukwanda kweglucose ekuqukethwe kwegazi;
- umzimba wokuzivikela.
Okokuqala, umthombo we-pathology ukuphulwa kwe-microcirculation. Umkhawulo wokuvimbela izidakamizwa, okudingekayo ukuvikela izicubu zokutakula ezilwaneni ezikhulu ezivela emithanjeni yegazi, awufezi imisebenzi yayo, ube ngumphumela wokuphefumula, futhi umphumela uwukufaka izinto ezingadingeki ku-retina.
Ukuhlelwa kwezimpawu zesifo kanje:
- Vasodilation.
- Ukwanda kwegazi.
- Ukunciphisa uhlaka lwamaseli flat of originen mesenchymal.
- Ukuqoqa ama-capillaries.
- Ukwandisa ekupheleleni.
- Ukuvela kwezigubhu eziphambene nazo.
- Ukwanda kwesifo semithambo yegazi.
- Ukulimaza.
- Ukuguqulwa - imisebenzi ebonakalayo iyanyamalala.
Phakathi nokuqaliswa kochungechunge lwalezi zinqubo, isiguli sigcina ukwehla kwezinto ezibukwayo, okuwuphawu lokunganakwa kwesifo. Iziguli ezingu-2% kuphela zine-100% ukuntuleka kombono.
Izinyathelo zesifo se-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
- I-retinopathy engezona ekhethiwe yesifo sikashukela (isigaba 1) - isiguli sinemikhakhazane emincane kanye ne-hemorrhages etholakala phakathi nesikhwama se-fundus. Kulesi simo, i-edema ye-retinal iyabonakala ngesikhathi sezindiza ezinkulu noma phakathi.
- I-retinopathy eyandulela isifo sikashukela (isigaba sesi-2) - isiguli sinama-exudates aqinile kanye nezinambuzane ezincane, kanye nezimo ezimbi ezimbi.
- I-retinopathy ephezulu yesifo sikashukela (isigaba sesi-3) - i-disc ye-optic nerve ihlanganiswa nemithambo yegazi, ukubola kwegazi kuvele ku-vitreous. Imikhumbi emisha inezindonga ezincane, futhi lokhu kuholela emangcwabeni amaningi, okuvusa inqwaba ye-retina.
Ukwelashwa kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabachwepheshe ababili - i-endocrinologist ne-ophthalmologist.
Imithi ye-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
Phakathi kwemithi yokwelashwa kwalesi sifo, kusetshenziselwa i-vithamine complexes, ngoba ukugula okungokwemvelo okwenza ukuba i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela kuhambisane nokuntuleka kwamavithamini nama-microelements.
Nikeza ubunzima be-vitamin B, kanye no-P, C no-E. Amavithamini amathathu okugcina anqunywe yi-course enyangeni engu-4 izikhathi ezine ngonyaka. Kanti futhi asetshenziselwa ama-angioprotectors, normalizing uhlelo lwamasosha:
- Amaprotheni;
- Ukudla;
- I-Doxium.
Isigaba 3 sibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser photocoagulation.
Ukwelashwa kwamakhambi omuntu we-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
Kusukela imbangela yokuthola i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela ku- metabolism ephazamisekile, khona-ke ikhambi elihle kakhulu nelingcono lomuthi wokwelashwa kuyoba ukuhambisana nokudla.
Amafutha ayathandeka ukukhawulela, kodwa ushukela, ujamu, uswidi - noma yikuphi ama-carbohydrate egazini kalula - udinga ukukhipha.
Kanye nalokhu, kubalulekile ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi, i-cottage shizi kanye ne-oatmeal, equkethe izinto ze-lipotropic.