I-Lyell's syndrome (igama lesibili yi-Stevens-Johnson syndrome) isenzo esiyingozi kakhulu, esivela esitokisini nasekufeni kwesikhumba esingaphezulu, kanye nokudakwa kwenyama yonke ngenxa yokuphendula okuqhubekayo. I-Lyell's syndrome ibhekwa njengesibili isikole esiyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke ngemuva kokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic ngenxa yesimo esivela ekukhusheni komuntu ezintweni ezithile. I-Lyell's syndrome, ebizwa ngokuthi "i-necrolysis epidermal necrolysis", yaqala ukuchazwa ngo-1956, kodwa kuze kube manje akukho ukuvumelana phakathi komphakathi wezokwelapha mayelana nokuqala kwesifo.
Izimbangela ze-Lyell's Syndrome
Ezimweni eziningi, i-Lyell's syndrome ivela njengesifo sokungalingani:
- emva kokuthatha imithi (antibiotics, sulfonamides, njll), izithako zokudla kanye nama-vitamin amalungiselelo;
- nge-infection ye-staphylococcal;
- ngenxa yenguquko ekusetshenzisweni kwamasosha omzimba lapho kutholakala khona isifo ngokutheleleka ngokuhambisana nokuhlanzwa kwezidakamizwa ze-allergenic.
Kwezinye izimo akunakwenzeka ukusungula izimbangela ezithile ze-idiopathic reaction, kodwa, njengabachwepheshe benkampani, iqembu lezinhlekelele lihlanganisa abantu abahluphekayo:
- i-dermatitis;
- i-pollinoses;
- i-asthma ye-bronchial .
Izimpawu ze-Lyell's Syndrome
Lesi sifo sivame ukuqala ngokukhuphuka kwamazinga angu-40 noma ngaphezulu. Kulesi simo, isiguli sibhekene nobuhlungu obukhulu bekhanda kanye neso. Ukuvota nokuhuda kubonakala. Ngemva kwesikhashana, i-rash ivela esikhumbeni, efana nokuvuthwa kwesimungumungwane nomfutho obomvu, okuhambisana nokushaya noma ukuzwa okubuhlungu. Okokuqala, izindawo ezihlabayo ezihlelekile zendawo zendawo endaweni engasetshenzisiwe futhi endaweni yamahlumela axillary, kancane kancane baqala ukuhlala kuwo wonke umzimba womzimba.
Isici sesici se-Lyell's syndrome yisisetshenziswa somzimba we-skin epidermis ngisho nokuxhumana okuncane kakhulu esikhumbeni sesiguli. Lokhu kuvulwa ukufometha okwenyuka kwegazi. Ezindaweni ze-erythem, kwakhiwa ama-bubbles, okuvula, lapho evuliwe, aveza izindawo ezinkulu ezibonakalayo nge-serous exudate. Ukutheleleka kwesibili okuhambisana nakho kubangela ukukhuphuka kokukhipha, okubangela iphunga elimnandi elivela emzimbeni. Izitho zangasese zomlomo, amehlo nezitho zangasese nazo zithola izinguquko ezimbi. Ingozi enkulu empilweni nasekuphileni imelwe yi:
- ukuwohloka okukhulu komzimba;
- i-toxicosis eqinile;
- ukushisa komzimba okuphakeme;
- ukwephulwa kwesimiso senhliziyo;
- i-leukocytosis ngokuthuthukiswa okungenzeka kwe-agranulocytosis ne-pancytopenia;
- ewela ku-coma.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Lyell's Syndrome
Uma kukhona izimpawu zesifo, kufanele ushayele ngokushesha i-ambulensi. Isiguli sigxilwe kwiyunithi yokunakekelwa okujulile noma iyunithi yokunakekelwa okukhulu. Izimo zokuhlala ngesikhathi esifanayo zifana nalezo ezidalwe iziguli ezinokushisa nokuqhwaba. Imfuneko esemqoka yokunakekelwa nokwelashwa yindlala. Inhlangano yokwelashwa kwi-Lyell syndrome kanje:
- Ukuqedwa kwazo zonke izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
- Ama-glucocorticosteroids anqunywe.
- Ukwenziwa kobuhle kuphathwa ngamafutha nemifino.
- Izixazululo ze-saline ne-colloidal zinconywa ukuba zigcwalise kabusha amanzi alahlekelwe ngumzimba.
- Ama-immunomodulators asetshenziswa.
- Uma ujoyina ukutheleleka kwesibili, ama-antiseptics kanye nama-antibiotics asetshenziswa.
Ukwelashwa okwesikhashana futhi ngendlela efanele kunomthelela ngokushesha ekutholeni isiguli esinesifo se-Lyell.