Ama-pathologies amaningi ajwayelekile ajwayelekile, futhi abantu abaningi abazi lutho ngabo. Enye yalezi zifo ziyi-vasculitis - uhlobo luni lokugula, yiziphi izimpawu zalo, imiphumela kanye nokhetho lwezokwelapha iziguli ngokuvamile ezingaziwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, lochwepheshe uthola ukubonisana okuningiliziwe nokubandakanyeka okudingekayo kwe-immunologist, ngoba i-pathogenesis yesistimu yokuvikela umzimba isenhliziyweni yesifo.
Iyini le "isifo se-vasculitis", futhi yiziphi izimpawu zayo?
Izifo ezichazwe yiqembu lonke lezifo ezihlanganisa indlela evamile yokukhubazeka - ukuvuvukala kwezindonga ze-arteries, i-capillaries, i-venules, i-arterioles nemifino. Eqinisweni, i-vasculitis isifo semithanjeni yegazi kanye negazi eliza kuzo izicubu ezithambile nezigungu ezithinta izinguquko ezisebenzayo nezakhi.
Ukwahlukaniswa okulula kwesifo:
- I-vasculitis eyinhloko ukuvuvukala okuzenzakalelayo kwemithambo yegazi evele ngezizathu ezingaziwa.
- I-vasculitis yesibili - ukuphazamiseka kwezifo ezitholakala ekuphenduleni ezinye izifo zesimiso.
Ezokwelapha, lesi sifo esibuzwayo sihlukaniswa kanje:
1. I-Vasculitis yezikebhe ezincane:
- I-Charge-Strauss syndrome noma i-eosinophilic granulomatosis nge-polyangiitis;
- isifo-anti-GBM;
- vasculitis cryoglobulinemic;
- Isifo sika-Wegener noma i-granulomatosis nge-polyangiitis;
- I-Immunoglobulin-A-vasculitis noma i-Shonlein-Genocha ebomvu;
- anti-C1q-vasculitis noma i-hypocomplexary urticaria syndrome;
- polyangiitis ezincane.
2. I-Vasculitis yemikhumbi ephakathi:
- i-nodular periarteritis noma i-nodular polyarteritis;
- Isifo se-Kawasaki .
3. I-Vasculitis yezikebhe ezinkulu:
- Arteritis Takayasu;
- Isifo sikaHorton noma i-giant cell arteritis.
4. I-Vasculitis yemikhumbi yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene:
- Isifo se-Kogan;
- Isifo sikaBehcet.
5. I-Vasculitis yezitho:
- i-arteritis encane;
- i-angiitis eyinhloko yesistimu ye-central central;
- i-aortitis ehlukile;
- i-angiitis ene-leucocytolastiki nezinye.
6. I-vasculitis yesistimu:
- i-rheumatoid;
- i-lupus;
- i-sarcoidosis nabanye.
7. I-vasculitis yesibili:
- ehambisana nama-virus;
- i-paraneoplastic;
- ehlotshaniswa nemithi nabanye.
Izimpawu ezivamile ze-pathology:
- ukushisa okuphakeme;
- i-pallor;
- ukukhathala;
- ukungabi nesifiso sokudla;
- ubuthakathaka.
Isithombe esithile somtholampilo se-vasculitis sincike ezinhlobonhlobo zayo, izitho eziphathekayo nezinhlelo, ukuqina kwesibindi nezinye izici. Ngakho-ke, udokotela kuphela ongakwazi ukuhlola lesi sifo ngenxa yezivivinyo eziningi zokuphila, ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, izifundo zezinsimbi.
Iyini le vasculitis yokwelapha?
Njengoba igama lisho, uhlobo oluthile lwe-pathology ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi ngokumelene nesizinda sempendulo ye-allergenic. Isibonakaliso saso esiyinhloko - ukukhukhula kwesikhumba, okungaba nomuntu ohlukile. Ngokuvumelana nayo, i-vasculitis yokuhlunga ibhekwa njengesifo esihlukile, ihlukaniswa ibe izinhlobo eziningana:
- I-erythema nodosum - ukubonakala kwezimbhalo ngaphansi kwesikhumba shin;
- I-Arteriolitis Rutera - ihlakaza ngendlela yamaphepha, amabala, "izinkanyezi", amaphuzu ngokuhambisana nempilo embi;
- i-vasculitis enegazi elimangalisayo - ukuthi izimpawu zihambisana nalesi sifo namanje aziwa, ngokuvamile zitholakala ngengozi ku-dopplerography (ezitsheni zikhona ezincane);
- i-hemosiderosis - ukubonakala kwe-pigmentation eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhumbeni;
- i-vasculitis ene-necrotizing - ukufa kwezicubu kancane kancane ngemva kokuqala kwe-epidermis ukushona.
Iyini le "vasculitis ye-rhumatoid"?
Lolu hlobo lwe-pathology luhlobo oluthile lokuvuvukala kwesimiso sezindonga zamasongo, okuthuthukiswa ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwe-arthritis ye-rheumatoid.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe-vasculitis lubangela izifo zamaphaphu, isimiso sezinzwa, isikhumba nesilonda, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo (pericarditis). Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezicacile zalesi sifo zibhekwa ezingaphansi kwezingu-1% zeziguli, ngakho-ke uhlobo oluchazwe lwenqubo yokuvuvukala luyatholakala ukuthi selusezingeni eliphansi, okwenza kube nzima ukwelapha isifo samathambo nesifo se-vasculitis.