I-anemia engenayo yisifo esibi esibangelwa ukungabi nalutho kwe-vitamin B12 emzimbeni. Le anemia inamagama ambalwa, kuhlanganise nesifo se-Addison-Birmer, i-anemia ebulalayo, i- B12 ye-anemia ne-megaloblastic anemia.
Izimpawu ze-anemia ephazamisayo
Izimpawu ezigulini ezine-anemia eziyingozi, njengombuso, zizibonakalise ngokwazo ngokuqondile nangokungaqondile.
Izimpawu ezicacile ze-Addison-Birmer isifo:
- ulimi olubomvu (obomvu obomvu), oluba "luvaliwe" ngenxa yezinguquko ze-receptors kuso;
- i-anemia, ukutholakala kwama-erythrocyte we-pathological;
- i-gastric Achilles - ukungabi khona kwe-hydrochloric acid nama-enzyme ku-juice esiswini;
- ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso sezinzwa;
- ukwakheka kwe-megaloblasts (amangqamuzana amakhulu angabonakali) emangeni yethambo esikhundleni se-erythrocyte.
Izimpawu ezingaqondile zalesi sifo:
- Izimpawu ezivamile:
- ukulahlekelwa amandla, ubuthakathaka, ukulala;
- ubuhlungu emlonyeni nasekulimeni;
- ubuhlungu ezingxenyeni ezingenhla nezingezansi;
- ukulahlekelwa ukudla, ukulahlekelwa isisindo.
- shintsha umthwalo;
- ukwephula ukuchama;
- ukuwohloka kombono ;
- izifo zobulili;
- izindlu;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-anemia ephazamisayo
Ukubonakaliswa okusobala kakhulu kwe-anemia kubonakala ekubunjweni kwegazi. Kuzo zonke iziguli, njengoba umthetho, i-serum inezinga eliphansi kakhulu lavithamini B12. Ukwamukela i-vitamin kuyinto ephansi kakhulu futhi kungenzeka kuphela ukwethulwa okwengeziwe kwesici sangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasampuli omchamo athathwa, ngoba, ngemuva kokuhlaziywa kokuqhathaniswa kwegazi kanye nokwakhiwa komchamo, ukuxilongwa kuyoba okunambile.
Ukubaluleka okukhulu kunikezwa ekusesheni imbangela yezifo zesifo. Ipheshana lezinyosi lihlolwe izilonda, i- gastritis nezinye izifo ezingathinta ukumunwa kwe-vitamin B12.
Futhi, ngenhloso yokwelashwa okuqhubekayo, kubalulekile ukukhipha izifo ezithile ezingabhubhisa. Njengokuthi, isibonelo, ukuhluleka kwenqunu noma i-pielonephritis, lapho i-vitamin B12 eyakhiwe ngokuhlakanipha engakabi khona futhi ukwelashwa akusho izinguquko ezinhle.
Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia enobungozi
Ukwelashwa kweziguli kwenziwa ngokufakwa kwezidakamizwa ezifana neCyanocobalamin noma i-Oxycobalamin. Izimali zijojelwe. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuletha izinga likavithamini B12 ejwayelekile, bese inani lemijovo liyancipha, kanti umuthi ojojelwe unomphumela osekelayo kuphela. Iziguli ezine-anemia eziyingozi zizobe seziqaphele izinga levithamini kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila futhi zithole ngezikhathi ezithile imithi ye-prophylactic yomuthi.
Ngezinye izikhathi ekulawuleni iziguli, amazinga ensimbi ancipha. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka emva kwezinyanga ezingu-3-6 zokwelashwa futhi kudinga ukuphathwa okwengeziwe kwezidakamizwa ezibuyisela izinga layo.
Ngokwelashwa okuphumelelayo, zonke izimpawu zesifo ziyaqedwa kancane kancane. Isikhathi sokutakula singahlala ezinyangeni ezingu-6. Ukumiswa kwamazinga e-vitamin B12 kungenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-35 kuya kwezingu-80 emva kokuqala kwamajojo.
Ngokuvamile kakhulu ezigulini ezine-anemia eziyingozi, emva kokuthola ukwelashwa, izifo ezinjenge-myxedema, umdlavuza wesisu noma i-goiter enobuhlungu. Iphesenti lamacala anjalo ayedluli 5.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni ukunamathela kokudla okunempilo, okuhlanganisa wonke amavithamini adingekayo kanye nezakhi. Utshwala kanye nogwayi kumele kubekwe eceleni. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukusekelwa kwezihlobo kanye nesimo sengqondo esifanele sokuthola ukubuyiswa kwesiguli. Lezi zinto ziyanciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokwelashwa.