I-gallbladder yingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sokugaya ukudla. Uqoqa i-bile ngokugaya ukudla, uvikela umzimba emthonjeni ovuthayo wale nto futhi ubonisa inani elidlulele. Ezinye izifo ze-gallbladder zingaholela ekuphukeni komsebenzi walesi sitho, ngenxa yalokho isitho kumele sisuswe.
Kuyadingeka nini ukususa i-gallbladder?
Isibonakaliso esiqondile sokususa isikhumba senyongo kungukubunjwa kwamatshe. Uma i-cholecystectomy inqunywe, ukukhombisa ukuthi kuzophiwa ngezansi, lokhu kusho ukuthi ilungu liphazamiseke, seliyekile ukwenza imisebenzi yalo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukusebenza phambi kwamatshe, ukuxazulula udokotela kwimeko ngayinye, kodwa ngesifo esinjalo, odokotela abahlinzayo bavame ukususa isitho. Ukuxubha nokuzama ukususa amatshe akuholele emiphumeleni oyifunayo, ngoba isilonda senyongo senza izingqinamba ezintsha ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ukususwa nokusebenza kwe-gallbladder kukhonjiswe kumacala alandelayo:
- i-gangrene ye-gallbladder;
- i-cholesterosis (i-cholesterol igxile ezindongeni zesisindo);
- ukungena emadayeni e-bile edwaleni;
- ukumisa isitho ngesizinda se-cholecystitis engapheli;
- ama- polyps amakhulu ku-gallbladder ;
- ama-neoplasms esithombeni;
- ukuvimbela emathunjini okubangelwa ngetshe eyathuthela emathunjini kusukela ku-gallbladder ngokusebenzisa i-fistula.
Izindlela zokususa i-gallbladder
Ukususwa kwe-gallbladder kubhekisela ekungeneleleni okuvamile okuhlinzwa. Ukuchaza ukuthi yi-cholecystectomy, izinhlobo kanye nemiphumela yokuhlinzwa, odokotela abahlinzayo banakekele isiguli ukuthi ukusebenza kwayo kuxhomeke emakhono ohlinzayo, impilo ejwayelekile yesiguli kanye nokuziphatha kwakhe esikhathini esilandelayo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-cholecystectomy:
- Vula ngezigaba - indlela endala yokususa i-gallbladder;
- kuvuleka kancane kancane - umsebenzi wokuqala onjalo wenziwa eminyakeni engaba ngu-45 edlule;
- I-laparoscopy - itholakale ngenxa yentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kwezokwelapha.
Cholecystectomy ye-Laparoscopic
Uma kudingekile ukususa i-gallbladder, i-laparoscopy iyona ndlela engcono kakhulu. I-laparoscopy, uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-cholecystectomy, inokuphikisana okuncane, ukuhlukunyezwa okubuthakathaka, imiphumela emincane kanye nesikhathi sokubuyiselwa. I-laparoscopy ayenzwanga phambi kokuvuvukala, ukunamathela nezinye izici zomzimba.
Ukuhlinzeka nge-laparoscopic kwenziwa nge-device laparascopic. Ikuvumela ukuba ubonise isithombe sezitho zangaphakathi. Ukusebenza kuqala nge-punctures eziningana zodonga lwesisu, lapho abakwa-manipulators nekhamera efakwe khona. Ngokusungulwa kwe-carbon dioxide emgodini, phakamisa udonga lwesisu bese uthuthukise indlela eya kwesinye isisu. Isidumbu sitholwa kuqala esibindi, bese sisuswa ngesikhwama.
Vula i-cholecystectomy
Lo msebenzi wokukhipha i-bile unceda ukuthola ukufinyelela okubanzi emgodini wesisu ukuze wenze ukusebenzisana okudingekayo okuhambisanayo: ukusebenzisa izitho ezizungezile, ukuhlola izidakamizwa ze-bile, ukwenza i-ultrasound noma i-cholangiography. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusika eceleni kweKocher kwenziwa kwindonga yangaphakathi kwesisu. Vula i-cholecystectomy inezinkinga ezinjalo:
- izibazi ezinkulu ezibonakalayo;
- isikhathi sokubuyiselwa eside;
- izinkinga eziningi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-laparoscopy.
Ukuphila ngemva kokususwa kwe-gallbladder
Ngemuva kokusebenza, kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezingu-4 ukuvumelanisa nezimo zokuphila eziguquliwe. Imithwalo enkulu kunazo zonke kule nkathi i-bile ducts nesibindi, okumele ikhokhele ukungabi khona kwesitho. Kulesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukunamathela ekudleni, hhayi ukuzibandakanya emithi. Amalungiselelo wezokwelapha ezamukelwe kufanele aqokwe udokotela ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-bubble cholic.
Ngemuva kokusebenza ukukhipha i-gallbladder, isikhathi esithile isiguli siyobhekana nezinkinga ngesitokisi, esizophola njengoba umzimba uvumelanisa. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-4-6 umuntu angahola impilo ejwayelekile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzomele ahambisane nemikhuba yokudla kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Ukungaphambuki ekudleni kuzoholela ekuveleleni okungajabulisi emgodini wokugaya, izinkinga zesitopu, ubuhlungu esifundeni se-epigastric.
Ukususwa kwesikhathi se-biliary - postoperative
I-cholecystectomy yokusebenza isebenzisa ukungenelela okulula okuhlinzayo. Ngemva kokususwa kwe-gallbladder, isiguli sigcinwe ku-unit yokunakekelwa okujulile amahora ambalwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha. Ngemva kwamahora angu-5, isiguli sinikezwa ukuba sikhuphuke kahle, futhi emva kwamahora angu-6-7 ungadla kancane. Ngolunye usuku isiguli sidinga ukuqala ukuhamba kancane. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, isiguli sisusiwe emanzini, futhi, lapho kungekho khona izinkinga, kukhishwa ngosuku lwesithathu. Konke lesi sikhathi nezinyanga ezintathu ezilandelayo isiguli sisidlo sokudla.
Ukwelashwa ngemva kokususwa kwe-gallbladder
Imithi emva kokususwa kwe-gallbladder incishisiwe. Ezinsukwini zakuqala, odokotela bangakwazi ukubeka imithi ebuhlungu uma isiguli sibhekene nobuhlungu obukhulu. Nge-spasm ye-biliary tract, i-spasmolytics ingabekwa okwesikhashana. Ukuze uthuthukise izindawo ze-bile, izidakamizwa nge-ursodeoxycholic acid zisetshenziswa:
- I-Hepatosan;
- I-Ursosan ;
- I-Enterosan;
- I-Ursofalk.
Ukudla ngemva kokususwa kwe-gallbladder
Ukudla okunempilo emva kokususwa kwe-gallbladder kuthinta isikhathi sokuphumula futhi kuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yesiguli. Iziguli ezishiye ngaphandle kwe-gallbladder zidinga ukwazi ukuthi yini engadliwa ngemva kokususa i-gallbladder, futhi udle izikhathi eziyi-6 ngosuku. Lokhu kuzogqugquzela ukwakheka kwe-bile nokuvimbela izinqubo eziqhubekayo. Half ihora ngaphambi kokudla, kubalulekile ukuphuza ingilazi yamanzi, futhi usuku lonke kuyasiza ukuphuza okungenani amalitha amabili amanzi ahlanzekile.
Ukudla kumele kufudumele, ukuze kungabikhali isistimu yokugaya. Ukudla emva kokukhipha i-gallstone ngaphezulu kubonisa ukuthi awukwazi ukudla. Imenyu ngemuva kokususwa kwe-gallbladder kufanele ibe nokulinganisela futhi iqukethe inombolo encane yemikhiqizo enjalo:
- ukudla okunamafutha nokusemathinini;
- imikhiqizo yesinkwa nebhotela;
- amaswidi kanye ne-confectionery;
- amazambane;
- i-macaroni;
- iziphuzo ezidakayo.
I-ration yansuku zonke ingaba nezitsha ezifana nalezi:
- Ukudla kwasekuseni: i- alben omelet, ubisi ebisi, itiye.
- Isidlo sasekuseni sesibili: ingxenye ye-cottage shizi, umhluzi we-dogrose.
- Usuku lokudla: isobho sekhrimu nge-add of corn, ucezu lwezinkukhu obilisiwe noma i-veal, isanqante pure, izithelo ze-jelly.
- Isinkwa: i- apple ebhakiwe, ne-cottage shizi noju.
- Isidlo: i-porridge, amazambane ahlambulukile, inhlanzi ebilisiwe, itiye.
- Ukudla kokugcina: izithelo jelly, kefir.
Ukususwa kwe-gallbladder - imiphumela
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani umsebenzi, umzimba kunoma yikuphi ukubhekana nokucindezeleka futhi udinga isikhathi sokuvuselela inqubo yokuphila. Uma isiguli senziwe i-cholecystectomy, izinkinga zizobizwa esikhathini sokuqala sokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isiguli sizozwa ubuhlungu obubukhali futhi buhlungu, ukuguquka kwesisu, isisindo esiswini, uzoba nezinkinga ngesitokisi. Kancane kancane, le mizwa izokwehla.
Ukuphuluka kokuphulukisa kungase kuhlotshaniswe nepheshana lamathumbu:
- i-pancreatitis ;
- i-gastritis;
- i-hepatitis;
- ukungasebenzi kwe-sphincter ka-Oddi;
- reflux.
Ezinkingeni emva kokusebenza ukukhipha i-gallbladder kanye nesidingo sokwelashwa okuphuthumayo kubonisa izimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukushisa okuphezulu;
- ubuhlungu obukhulu;
- i-sclera ephuzi yamehlo;
- isikhumba se-icteric.