Ukuphakama kwamapayipi kuyinkqubo yezokwelapha engaqondakali, lapho i-stethoscope eyanele khona. Le divayisi ikuvumela ukuba uzwe umsindo futhi ulandele izici zokuphefumula, isetshenziselwa ukuhlola izifo zamaphaphu, i-bronchi, uhlelo lokujikeleza nenhliziyo. Udokotela owenza ukuqhuma kwamaphaphu, hhayi nje kuphela okufanele azi kahle le ncazelo, kodwa futhi abe nokuzwa okuzwelayo.
Amaphuzu asemqoka ekukhuleni kwamaphaphu
Ukusebenzisa inqubo ye-auscultation yamaphaphu, kungenzeka ukuthola izifo ezinjalo:
- i-pneumonia;
- isifo sofuba;
- ukuqoqwa kwamanzi anomsindo;
- i-edema yamapulmari ;
- ama-neoplasms anesifo esibi;
- ama-abscesses;
- i-pneumothorax;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
- ukuphulukiswa kwamaphaphu nabanye.
Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekulaleleni ukuphefumula ngamaphuzu ahlukahlukene. Ama-chryps kanye nemisindo enempilo inganquma ngokunembile uhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwesimiso sokuphefumula nomzimba wonke womuntu. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukhwabanisa:
- Ngokuqondile, okubizwa nangokuthi ngokushesha (udokotela ulalela ukuphefumula, ukubeka indlebe esikhumbeni sesiguli);
- ngokungaqondile, okubizwa ngokuthi i-mediocre (udokotela usebenzisa i-stethoscope, i-phonendoscope, noma amanye amathuluzi angasiza).
Esimweni sokuqala, amaphuzu aphuthumayo amaphaphu aphezulu kakhulu, ngoba ukunemba kokulalela kuncishisiwe. Esimweni sesibili, amaphuzu auscultation avela ku-8 kuya kweyishumi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela ulalela njalo ukuphefumulela ngamunye wabo, ehamba esuka emgodini we-clavicular kuze kube sternum wesiguli. Kudingekile ukuthi uhambe ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwesinye ngokulinganayo.
Ukukhishwa kwe-auscultation kwenziwa kanjani?
Ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwenziwa endaweni yokuma noma ehlezi. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, isiguli kufanele siphenduke. Ukuze ugweme ukuphefumula komzimba nge-oksijeni, ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kufanele kube ngokujulile ngokujulile, uzizwe uhlaziyekile - hamba ngendlela evamile yokuphefumula. Uma kunzima ukuphefumula ngekhala lakho ngokuthula, kuphakanyiswa ukuba ushintshe ekuphefumuleni ngomlomo wakho. Ngokuvamile, inqubo ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezine:
- Ukuphakanyiswa kwamaphuzu aphambili esimweni esivamile. Ngisho nakuleli sigaba sokuhlolwa, kungenzeka ukubala okungajwayelekile njengokukhona kwezicubu noma uketshezi. Uma isimo sempilo sivamile, ukuqhuma kwamapayipi kuzobonisa ukuthi kukhona khona umsindo omnene ngokuphefumulelwa kanye nesithathu sokuqala sokuphuma, okufana nomsindo we "f". Ukungabi nomsindo ubufakazi bokugula.
- Ukuhlaziya ngokuphefumula okujulile. I-auscultation evame kakhulu yalolu hlobo lwephaphu isetshenziselwa ukuphefumula. Esimweni esivamile, umsindo ohambisana nomsindo "w" kufanele uzwakale.
- Ukuqhuma ukukhwehlela kuvumela ukunciphisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlaziya lapho kushintsha isimo somzimba kusetshenziselwa ukubona izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi esigabeni sokuqala.
Ukusebenzisa indlela yokukhishwa kwe-auscultation, kungenzeka ukuthi unqume izifo zamaphaphu kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuphulwa komsebenzi we-bronchial. Kulesi siguli
Odokotela abaqhuba le nqubo, kunezifihlakalo eziningana ze-auscultation ephumelelayo. Ngaphambi kokuya esigulini, kufanele uchithe amaminithi angu-5 ngokuthula okuphelele. Phakathi nenqubo uqobo, imisindo engadingeki nayo ayifuni. Lokhu kuzosiza ukungaphuthelwa umsindo omsolisayo , ukushayela noma ukuntuleka kwabo. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ukuthi azikho izimo ezifanele zokuphumelela kwamapayipi, cela udokotela ukuba eze kuwe kamuva, ukuze ungenzi iphutha ngokuxilongwa.