Abazali abasanda kushayisana abanesithakazelo nokukhathazeka babheka umdwebo othandekayo. Ngempela, okuqukethwe okukhona kungatshela okuningi mayelana nesimiso sokugaya ingane esanda kuzalwa. Kubalulekile ukuba wonke umama azi ukuthi isitulo esijwayelekile umntwana osanda kuzalwa kufanele abe yini ukuze abone ukugula ngesikhathi futhi athathe isinyathelo.
Isihlalo somntwana osanda kuzalwa: kuvamile
Ngesikhathi ingane ikhula futhi ikhula emathunzini omama, ithola zonke izinto ezidingekayo ngokusebenzisa intambo yomzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ipheshana lakhe lomzimba alisebenzi. Kodwa isithelo senza ukugwinya, ukuphuza iminwe, bese kungena emlonyeni wayo, bese kungena esiswini nasemathunjini, ithola amniotic fluid, villi, isikali sesikhumba. Futhi isihlalo sokuqala somntwana osanda kuzalwa sinobuhlaza obumnyama, cishe obumnyama ngokuvumelana kweplastiki, kancane kancane. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-meconium futhi iyinto evamile.
Kamuva ngosuku lwesithathu noma lwesine, ngemuva kokufaka isicelo esifubeni, izidakamizwa zinomlingiswa wesikhashana: zinezinsalela ze-meconium, i-colostrum ne-milk. Isihlalo somntwana sinobuhle obuhambisana nomswakama nombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Njengoba kufika ubisi oluvuthiwe (emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10), izinhlanzi zomntwana ziyashintsha. Ziba ziphuzi futhi zibe nokuvumelana kwe-cottage shizi. Ngisho nephunga lesitokisane esisanda kuzalwa liyamuncu, njenge-cottage shizi. Esikhathini esinjalo akufanele kube khona izibhamu, umqubu, imifino. Umama udinga ukunaka inani lezikhathi isiguli esanda kuzalwa sinesihlalo ngosuku. Imvamisa yokunyakaza kwamathumbu ingahlukahluka kwesinye isikhathi kuya kweziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili - cishe ngesikhathi sokudla noma emva kokudla. Into eyinhloko ukuthi isihlalo somntwana sasikhona nsuku zonke. Ukungabikho kwamanzi okungenani ngosuku kuthathwa njengokuqokwa.
Okuhlukile okuncane yilokho okwenziwe ngesitulo sosana olusanda kuzalwa ngokudla okufakelwayo. Ngesinye isikhathi umfanyana womntwana owenzayo ufana nomntwana. Kodwa ngokuvamile kaningi isitokisi sinokuvumelana okukhulu, iphunga elimnandi kancane nombala omnyama omnyama. Kulesi simo, kuvamile ukuba ungenalutho isilwane esisodwa ngosuku.
Sihlalo esisha somntwana: izinkinga ezikhona
Ngokuvamile usana alunayo "isihlalo esinembile", futhi indwangu enemibala eluhlaza. "Ukuhaha" kungabonisa izinkinga eziningana. Okokuqala, lo mbala we-stool uma ukungondleki kungondlekile uma umama engenawo ubisi obanele. Okwesibili, udoti oluhlaza lubonakala ngokuvuvukala kwe-mucosa emathunjini, okungabangelwa i-hypoxia yesisu, ukungondleki komama ongumhlengikazi, i-dysbiosis. Kungenzeka ukuba nesitokisane esanda kuzalwa nge-mucus. I-slime ngokuvamile ibonisa ukuba khona kwama-pathogens emathunjini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuba khona uma ingane inomphuza noma i-bronchitis.
Ukubukeka kwamakhanda amhlophe esihlalweni somntwana osanda kuzalwa akubonisi ngokwayo imithi, uma i-crumb izwa kahle futhi ikhula kancane kancane. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umzimba uthola okungaphezulu kwezakhi. Lokhu kwenzeka uma umama ngokuvamile ebeka umntwana esifubeni. Kodwa uma umntwana egxila emuva ekuthuthukisweni, ekhula kabi futhi ezuza isisindo, izibani ezimhlophe esitokisini zikhombisa ukuthi izigulane zokugaya azikhiqizi ama-enzyme anele, ngenxa yokudla okugayiwe.
Isitsha samanzi esanda kuzalwa sibonisa ukuntuleka kwe-lactose. Lona igama lesimo lapho ukugaya ubisi ushukela - i-lactose - ephukile.
Ngokuvamile, omama bakhononda ngesitokisi esinomntwana osanda kuzalwa okwenzeka ngokuqothulwa. Ukuqokwa kungumphumela wokukhulelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini noma ukungondleki komama onesihlengikazi. Imfucumfucu enzima kakhulu yonakalisa izindonga ze-rectum futhi iholele ekubukeni kwegazi esitokisini somntwana osanda kuzalwa. Uma uphepha kakhulu, ngokushesha shayela i-ambulensi.
Uma kunoma yikuphi ukuphambuka esihlalweni somntwana, umama kufanele aziswe kudokotela wezingane.