Ukuqonda ukuthi yikuphi ukucwaswa, kuzosiza wonke umuntu, ngoba lesi simo sithinta i-strata ehlukene yabantu kanye namaqembu omphakathi. Ukwazi izimpawu zokucwaswa kuzosiza ukugwema ukuphula umthetho wenkululeko nokukhuluma.
Ukubandlulula - kuyini?
Ngokuphindaphinda kaningi umuntu angazwa umbuzo, kusho ukuthini ukucwaswa? Leli gama lisho:
- ukuphulwa ngamabomu kwamalungelo nenkululeko yalowo muntu;
- ukuphathwa okungalungile komuntu;
- ukungabi nokukhetha noma izwi;
- ukuthanda;
- kwezinye izimo, ukubandlululwa kungahambisana nobudlova.
Lesi simo sengqondo sihlobene neqiniso lokuthi bonke abantu bangamaqembu ahlukene eenhlalakahle - angahluka emigameni yokuziphatha, ngokomzimba, ngokwezimali noma ngokobulili. Isimo sabo sinikeza ithuba lokwakha isimo sengqondo esithile kubo futhi kwezinye izimo ukuwachitha amalungelo atholakalayo. Udaba lokucwaswa lukhona isikhathi eside, kodwa ezinye zezinkinga zalo zisabonakala kahle emphakathini.
Izimbangela zokucwaswa
Uma usho ukuthi yikuphi ukubandlululwa, kudingeka uqonde izizathu zalokho okwenzekayo. Bangaba:
- isipiliyoni sangaphambilini esingaphumeleli;
- ukwesaba noma ukungaqondi kahle noma yikuphi okushiwo;
- egoism yomuntu siqu noma yomphakathi;
- okungezona okungahambi kahle kokuthandwa, ukubukwa;
- ukungalingani kwezenhlalakahle, ukungabi namathuba atholakalayo ngenxa yezici zezimali noma zezombangazwe zesifunda;
- umehluko ngokubukeka noma izici zombuso wezempilo.
Ukucwaswa kwalowo muntu kungabonakaliswa ezinhlokweni ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi. Ukusakazeka okukhulu kunitholakala empilweni yomndeni, ezombusazwe nasemsebenzini. Kuhlobo ngalunye lokucwaswa kungase kube nezizathu ngabanye:
- Kungase kube nemingcele yokuqesha ngenxa yezimo zokusebenza, ubunzima noma ubunzima bokukhiqiza, isimiso somsebenzi.
- Emndenini, izimbangela zokubandlulula zingaba ukukhuliswa kwezingane noma ukugcinwa kwezindlu.
Izimpawu zokubandlululwa
Njengomthetho, ukuziphatha okuvimbela amalungelo nenkululeko yomuntu ngamunye kuthathwa njengokubandlululwa. Kunezibonakaliso ezithile zokucwaswa:
- isimo sengqondo sokubandlulula;
- ukuhlambalaza, ukuziphatha okubi, ukuhlazeka kanye nodlame;
- ukulahla okungenangqondo ukuqasha, ukuqeqesha nokuthuthukisa amakhono ochwepheshe;
- ukungahloniphi umbono womunye, izinkolelo zenkolo, zezombusazwe, zokuziphatha;
- ukuphishekela ukufeza kwabo ngokwabo kwabanye, ukuhlambalaza izimfanelo zabanye.
Izinhlobo zokubandlululwa
Enye yezinkinga ezicindezela kakhulu zomhlaba ukucwaswa, futhi izinhlobo zayo zingaba kanje:
- Ukuqinisekiswa okungekho emthethweni noma ngokomthetho.
- Ukuqondisa noma okungaqondile.
- Ngohlobo lomsebenzi nomkhakha wokubonakaliswa: emsebenzini, emndenini, empilweni yezombangazwe.
- Ngesisekelo seqembu lezenhlalakahle elisebenza ngalo:
- ukucwaswa ngokobulili, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ubulili - ngokusekelwe kobulili besilisa noma besifazane;
- ubuhlanga - ngokuthola noma yiluphi uhlanga nombala wesikhumba;
- isizwe - kuye ngokuthi ubuzwe bomuntu;
- zenkolo - ngokuphathelene nenye inkolo;
- yobudala, obonakaliswa isimo sengqondo sokungathandeki kubantu abaneminyaka ethile-kubandakanya izingane kanye nabantu asebekhulile;
- ukwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu abakhubazekile nabantu abanezici zezempilo kanye nentuthuko.
Ukubandlulula ngokohlanga
Lesi simo sithinta amaqembu amaningi omphakathi wabantu futhi unomlando omude. Kusukela ekutholeni okukhulu kwezwe, amakholoni nabantu bomunye umhlanga baye bavinjelwa inkululeko namalungelo. Kuyini ukubandlululwa ngokohlanga ngokobuhlanga obuphelele noma ukuphulwa kwabantu ngenxa yokuhlukana kobuhlanga nokuhlukahluka kombala wesikhumba.
Ukungqubuzana kwezinhlanga kungabangela izingxabano ezinkulu. Izisebenzi ezilwa nokucwaswa ngesisekelo sesihloko zihlongoza ukufezekisa ukulingana kwabantu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi babala kanjani isikhumba. Isimo esifanayo sisebenza kuzo zonke izigaba zomphakathi:
- impilo;
- imfundo;
- ukutholakala kwezindawo zokusebenza;
- inkululeko yezombusazwe kanye nokuvota.
Ukubandlululwa kobuzwe
Emazweni amaningi emhlabeni, ukubandlululwa okusekelwe ebuhlanga kuyinkinga enzima kakhulu. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi inani elikhulu lezizwe ngokuvamile lihlala ensimini yezwe elilodwa. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zamazwe anjalo zingase zibe iRussia Federation, i-United States, iBrithani, iSpain.
Ukubandlululwa kobuzwe kuboniswa ngokuphulwa kwenkululeko yamaqembu abantu, abamelelwa ezinombolweni ezincane noma babe nezici zabo ezikhethekile zolimi, amasiko namasiko. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kubalulekile, ngaphakathi kombuso owodwa, ukulinganisa zonke izizwe ngamalungelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabo kanye nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokujeziswa ngokuphula imithetho yebuqotho bezwe nokuhlambalaza ezinye izizwe.
Ukucwaswa ngokobulili
Inhlobo evamile kakhulu yokwephulwa kwamalungelo ukucwaswa ngokobulili, futhi ingathinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Ukucwaswa ngokobulili kungabonakaliswa kulezi zindaba ezilandelayo:
- imfundo;
- ukuqashwa, ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwemholo;
- ukubamba iqhaza kokhetho kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga zezombusazwe noma zenhlalo;
- ukuxazulula izinkinga zomndeni, ukukhulisa izingane;
- ukuhlukumeza, ubudlova, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla emzimbeni.
Ukunciphisa izenzo zanoma yiliphi ubulili kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuthi lokhu akukwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba kube ngokomthetho. Ngombono onjalo, umuntu kumele aqale eqinisweni lokuthi kunezigaba ezingcono kumadoda noma kwabesifazane. Kunemikhawulo ehlobene nezimo zokusebenza, amandla omzimba nokusebenza kokuzala.
Ukubandlululwa komdala
Imikhawulo yobudala ingaholela ekungavumelani. Ngakho-ke, ukubandlululwa kweminyaka kubonakala ukwenqaba ukubambisana nabantu abangafaneleki iminyaka, futhi kungabonakala ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- lapho ukuqasha noma ukushintsha isikhundla;
- uma kunesidingo, ukuphepha komphakathi kanye nezinzuzo;
- lapho ukhetha iqembu lezemidlalo;
- kanye nokunciphisa iminyaka yobudala kanye nokuzalwa kwezingane.
Ukulingana kwazo zonke izigaba zeminyaka yezakhamuzi akumele kungalinganiselwe:
- abaqashi;
- osopolitiki;
- ubandlululo lomphakathi;
- ukungaboni kahle.
Ukubandlululwa kwezenkolo
Ngokuvamile, ukubandlululwa okusekelwe enkolweni kungabakhubekisa kakhulu imizwa yamakholwa futhi kulimaze le psyche. Iqukethe ukudelela, ukuhlambalaza, ukuvinjelwa kokukwazi ukulandela amasiko esonto. Ukwephulwa okunjalo kwamalungelo kwezinye izimo kuholela nasezingxabaneni ezihlomile.
Ukuze ugweme izimo ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi abantu babekezelelane, bahloniphe izithakazelo zomuntu ngamunye, noma ngabe abahlukanisiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukungenelela kombuso, ukufakwa kwesibopho sobugebengu kanye nezinguquko emthethweni wezwe ngokuqondene nesimo esithile senkolo kungase kube usizo.
Ukubandlulula ngokumelene nabantu abakhubazekile
Abantu abaningi bazibuza ukuthi yini ukubandlululwa kwabantu abakhubazekile, futhi ingabe ikhona? Impendulo yalo mbuzo iyoba yinto enhle. Ukubandlululwa komphakathi kubonakala sengathi:
- ukungabi khona "kwemvelo efinyelelekayo" - indawo noma indawo ezindaweni zomphakathi kubantu abakhubazekile;
- ukwenqaba ukungenangqondo ukufaka isicelo somsebenzi;
- isimo sengqondo esicasulayo;
- ukungavunyelwe ukubamba iqhaza empilweni yomphakathi noma yezombangazwe;
- ukwephulwa kwamalungelo nenkululeko ekutholeni izinzuzo zenhlalakahle.
Ukubonakaliswa kokuziphatha okunjalo kubalulekile ukuhlolwa komphakathi, ngoba noma yimuphi umuntu, kungakhathaliseki isimo sakhe sempilo nokuxilongwa okuthile, unesisindo sakhe emphakathini. Ngaphandle kwalokho kufanele amalungelo ezakhamuzi aphulwe kuphela ngoba "abantu abakhubazekile".
Ukubandlulula ngokumelene nezingane
Ngeshwa, umqondo wokucwaswa udluliselwa ezinganeni, futhi izizathu zalesi simo sengqondo zingafana nabantu abadala:
- ulimi;
- phansi;
- ubuzwe nobuhlanga;
- ukubonakala;
- amathuba okufunda nokuthuthukiswa;
- ukutholakala kwezifo.
Ukucwaswa kungenziwa kokubili kubantu abadala nakubantwana ngokwabo. Kubalulekile ukuthi le nkinga ebuntwaneni ibonakala ibuhlungu futhi ibuhlungu, futhi ingabangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo. Ukukhipha isenzakalo esinjalo nemiphumela yaso, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlale uxhumane nengane, othisha bakhe nabafundisi, kwezinye izimo kuyoba usizo ukuxhumana nabazali bakhe. Kubalulekile ukuba iqhaza emfundweni yezingane nokugxilisa kubo imigomo yendabuko yokuziphatha nokuzinikela.
Indlela yokubhekana nokucwaswa?
Umzabalazo wokulwa nokubandlululwa ezimweni eziningi kuncishiswe ekufezeni izinhloso ezilandelayo:
- ukuthola amalungelo nenkululeko yomuntu;
- ukuphumelela kokulingana;
- isidingo sokungabi nabandlululo;
- Ukukhishwa kwezinkolelo nokucwasa.
Ukubandlulula emndenini kungaxazululwa ngokuvumelanisa ngokuvumelana nesikhundla esiphambili somuntu noma wesifazane, eminye yemisebenzi yombili, ekuvinjweni kobudlova nokuziphatha okunonya. Ukucwaswa kwabesifazane akufanele kuphazamise umsebenzi wabo, ngaphandle kwezimo zokusebenza ezibucayi, umsebenzi wezepolitiki, ukuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe.
Kunezibonelo eziningi zokuthi ukucwaswa kuyini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izici ezimbi, kukhona amaphuzu amahle embonweni wakhe. Ngakho-ke, imithetho yokuphepha yezimboni iwuvimbela umsebenzi wabesifazane ekuphakamiseni izinto ezinzima noma izimo zokusebenza eziyingozi. Omunye ubiza ukubandlulula, kanti abanye bayibiza impilo yezempilo nokuzala.